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Popular Abstract in Swedish Ett av de viktigaste målen för astronomin är att förstå var vi kommer ifrån. Det är naturligtvis många steg som skall förstås, och vart och ett av dessa steg i människans för-förhistoria är komplicerat, så man skall inte förvänta sig att en enskild doktorsavhandling behandlar mer än ett litet hörn av ett av dessa steg. Mitt bidrag gäller förståelsen av hur vår egen galIn order to understand the formation and evolution of the Galaxy it is imperative to know when different components formed. This means at the most basic level that we need to know the ages of stars. The present work demonstrates the many problems inherent in determining the ages of stars through comparison with stellar evolutionary models. Furthermore, solutions to some of these problems are prese

The ATLAS Collaboration at CERN is preparing for the data taking and analysis at the LHC that will start in 2007. Therefore, a series of Data Challenges was started in 2002 whose goals are the validation of the Computing Model, of the complete software suite, of the data model, and to ensure the correctness of the technical choices to be made for the final offline computing environment. A major fe

As MIMO technology slowly matures, it is finding its way into more wireless applications. However, some important applications, including mobile communications, require compact implementations. One important challenge in miniaturizing MIMO systems for compact terminals is to overcome capacity performance degradation resulting from mutual coupling among closely separated antennas. In this contribut

Three major cellulases, cellobiohydrolase I and II (CBH I and II) and endoglucanase II (EG II) of Trichoderma reesei have been purified by ion-exchange chromatography in an FPLC system. Microcrystalline cellulose (Avicel) was hydrolysed by the single enzymes and by equimolar mixtures of CBH I-CBH II and CBH I-EG II. Enzyme adsorption was followed indirectly by selectively quantifying the en

In the developed countries the public expect society to be prepared for, and step in, if something out of the ordinary happens. This public pressure appears to have increased the demand for crisis preparedness planning. In crisis management the local authority serves as the first line of defence and will more or less always be involved in responding to crises. It is therefore important to study ho

Popular Abstract in Swedish Perifer kärlsjukdom (peripheral arterial disease) innebär ett tillstånd med nedsatt blodcirkulation i benen som huvudsakligen beror på åderförkalkning (ateroskleros). De kliniska manifestationerna av perifer kärlsjukdom är fönstertittarsjuka (claudicatio intermittens) och svår cirkulationsnedsättning (kritisk ischemi) beroende på om blodcirkulationen är otillräcklig vidPeripheral arterial disease (PAD) is the manifestation of atherosclerotic lesions in arteries supplying blood to the legs. Atherosclerosis is now recognized as an inflammatory disease of the vessel wall and important features in the pathophysiology are activation of WBC, endothelial cells and increased levels of inflammatory mediators. The inflammatory response in PAD is further influenced in case

This intermediate report presents some of the important findings of the research work carried out during the first three years of the CHRISGAS project. The report is aimed at a broad technical-oriented audience such as: engineers with a general interest in the state-of-the-art and new developments in the biomass-to automotive fuel sector, and/or to teachers/lecturers/students in technical subjects

Popular Abstract in Swedish Avhandlingens huvudsyfte är att försöka utreda hur man kommer till förståelse av det historiska huset och att diskutera vilken roll den historiska dokumentationen spelar i restaureringsprojekteringen. I restaurering som i allt annat arbete med arkitektur är förståelse ett nyckelord. Förståelse för de särskilda förutsättningar som ligger i uppgiften, i objektet, i skapanThe principal aim of the thesis is to evaluate the significance of the documentation of a building’s history for the work of restoring it and caring for it. Thus it may be said to address restoration as a hermeneutical problem, besides considering the relationships between the work of documentation; analyses of the resulting data; and the creative process in which the ideology of restoration is im

interactIVe introduces active intervention safety systems in order to increase traffic safety. The interactIVe functions are – depending on their purpose – able to brake and steer autonomously. Furthermore, the driver is continuously supported by interactIVe assistance systems which warn the driver in potentially dangerous situations. Seven demonstrator vehicles – six passenger cars of different v

In the Bologna process, the use of explicit learning goals and formative assessment are central elements in improving student learning. Ideally, formative assessment provides feedback to the student about how his present state relates to the learning goals and enables him to reflect on and regulate his learning. However, we found that it was easier said than done – not just to carry out, but in pa

Homogeneous charge compression ignition (HCCI) is a hybrid of the sparkignition and compression ignition engine concepts. As in a sparkignition engine, a homogeneous fuel-air mixture is created in theinlet system. During the compression stroke the temperature of themixture increases and reaches the point of auto ignition, just as in acompression ignition engine (or Diesel). One challenge with HCCI