Filtyp
I nästan två århundraden har koncentrationerna av växthusgaser i atmosfären ökat som ett resultat av mänskliga aktiviteter. Detta har lett till vad som nu är känt som växthuseffekten. Behovet av att kunna förstå och förutsäga effekterna som förhöjda koncentrationer av växthusgaser har på jorden är viktigt. En diskuterad effekt är en global höjning av havsnivåerna tillföljd av höjd global medeltemp
In the automotive industry, it is common that the customers provide the suppliers with the necessary packing material needed for delivery of the goods. The reason for this is that it makes the handling and unpacking of incoming goods at the customer easy, but it also makes sure that the quality of the packing material is high, and that the transportation damages of the goods are minimised. It shou
Of all information gathered and maintained by a small municipality, in this case the city of Berkeley, California, the percentage that is somehow geographically related is usually very high. The key to an efficient land management and analysis system is to link information gathered by a municipality's administration to its actual geographic locations; locations that together form the complexit
SKV har sedan en lång tid tillbaka varit av uppfattningen att ägare till fåmansföretag ska förmånsbeskattas för dispositionsrätten till rörelsefrämmande egendom oavsett faktiskt nyttjande. När det gäller rörelsetillgångar i fåmansföretag anser SKV att sådan egendom som huvudregel endast ska förmånsbeskattas i de fall där faktiskt nyttjande ägt rum. I de fall där rörelsetillgångar på olika sätt kanSKV has a long held the view that owners of closely held companies should be taxed for the benefit outline the rights of the non-operating property, regardless of actual use. As regards the operating assets of closely held companies believe SKV to such property as a general rule should only benefit is taxed in cases where actual use took place. In cases where the operating assets in different ways
Popular Abstract in Swedish Bröstcancer är den vanligaste cancerdiagnosen hos svenska kvinnor, ca 8000 tumörer diagnosticeras årligen. Vid rekommendation om behandling till patienter med nyupptäckt bröstcancer utgår man från ett antal prognostiska (risk för återfall och död utan behandling) och prediktiva (risk för återfall och död med specifik behandling) faktorer. Ålder, tumörstorlek, cancercellBreast cancer is a heterogeneous disease with variations in the biological profile and subsequent clinical prognosis. Molecular mechanisms for tumour progression are currently being explored in scientific settings, suggesting parallel evolution of tumour cells at primary and metastatic locations. The molecular profiles could be altered affecting individual patient’s treatment and prognosis. In the
Aim To assess statistically the relative importance of climate and human impact on forest composition in the late Holocene. Location Estonia, boreonemoral Europe. Methods Data on forest composition (10 most abundant tree and shrub taxa) for the late Holocene (5100-50 calibrated years before 1950) were derived from 18 pollen records and then transformed into land-cover estimates using the REVEALS v
Popular Abstract in Swedish Varför ser staden ut som den gör? Vilka krafter ligger bakom bebyggelsens och transportsystemets utformning? Vad eller vilka aktörer har inflytande över hur staden utformas? Hur kan internationella olikheter i städers utformning förklaras? De krafter som formar staden är många och komplexa. Stadens struktur har under historiens gång påverkats av bland annat nya teknolog
Samhall har utfört sitt kärnuppdrag, att utveckla och rehabilitera personer med funktionshinder, sedan innan Sverige gick med i EU, och det är inte förvånade att det finns frågetecken kring hur den merkostnadsersättning företaget erhåller förhåller sig till EU:s statsstödsregler. De EU-rättsliga kraven på stöd som medlemsstaterna utger har vidare utvecklats och preciserats under de senaste åren, s
This thesis addresses the implementation of the Convention on the Elimination of Discrimination against Women (CEDAW) and the Convention on the Rights of the Child (CRC) with regard to the practice of female genital cutting (FGC) in Sierra Leone. The study is partly based upon a field study carried out in Sierra Leone and on further research in Sweden. There are no rare or isolated incidents, FGC
As a matter of business reality, the allocation of markets through direct agreements are the most favourable and efficient construction in any level of commerce as it provides the delight of not having to compete with other companies in a certain territory, to a specific customer group or within a particular field of use. However, the practice of dividing different areas within a patent licensing
It seems like it can never be said enough times: in order to uphold the objectives of the Internal Market, an equal treatment of resident and non-resident taxpayers have to be granted by the Member States. As for the intricate field of direct taxation, it is still somewhat unclear exactly how this equal treatment looks. Consequently, it is also unclear how far the Member States can stretch the ben
Det finansiella systemet spelar en central roll i ekonomin. Särskilt banker innehar en viktig roll i allokeringen av finansiella resurser och intar en central position i betalningsmekanismen för hushåll, företag och myndigheter. Störningar i enskilda finansiella institut kan snabbt spridas till övriga institut och till det finansiella systemet som helhet. En krissituation kan snabbt radera förtroeThe financial system plays a central role in the economy. In particular banks play a key role in the allocation of financial resources and occupies a central position in the payment mechanism for households, businesses and governments. Disruptions in individual financial institutions can quickly spread to other institutions and to the financial system as a whole. A crisis can further quickly erase
Article 4 of the Community Trade Mark Regulation (CTMR) defines signs of which a Community trade mark may consist in a very wide manner, expressly including the shape of goods or of their packaging. However, with regard to such shapes, the Regulation in its Article 7(1)(e) introduces a, in comparison with other signs, additional ground for refusal that has to be overcome when seeking registration.
This chapter aims to offer insights into the wider implications for the rule of law, including for the EU constitutional order, of the restrictions of migrants’ and asylum-seeker’ rights that follow from systematic noncompliance with the Common European Asylum System (CEAS) by certain Member States. In other words, has the migration and asylum crisis developed into an EU constitutional crisis? Th
Many public sector managers and professionals perceive performance measurement as an administrative burden with limited benefits. Numbers are collected for other people's purposes. At worst, poorly incentivized indicators force managers and professionals to take actions that go against the overall objectives of the organization. Professionals in sectors such as healthcare, education and social ser
Global steel production is currently dependent on coal and capital-intensive production facilities with long economic lifetimes. While the Paris Agreement means carbon neutrality must be reached globally by 2050–2070, with negative emissions thereafter, coal-based steel production today accounts for around 8% of global energy-related CO2 emissions. Its production may stabilize or even decline in i
Within the first decade of this millennium several Western European countries have prohibited Muslim veils in public spaces. Excluding the culture of Muslims or more specifically Islamic beliefs in a multicultural society, in which the hardest hit are Muslim veiled women, has resulted in the discourse of the ‘rise and fall of multiculturalism’. Although Sweden has not prohibited hijab or any other
Low-Density Parity-Check (LDPC) codes are one of the most popular codes used in nowadays’ communication due to their high coding efficiency at low decoding complexity. With these characteristics, LDPC codes are suitable for high-speed information transmission systems. The widely used decoding algorithm for LDPC codes is Belief Propagation (BP) decoding with which the performance of LDPC codes can
The plasma proteome can provide a deeper understanding of the pathophysiology of different diseases and is a key source for detection of new biomarkers. Proximity extension assay (PEA), developed by Olink Proteomics (Uppsala, Sweden), detects proteins by using pairs of antibodies that are linked to oligonucleotides; upon target binding, the probes anneal when in proximity and the oligonucleotides
