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Urmia Lake (also known as Oroumieh Lake) is a shallow terminal lake located in northwest Iran and one of the largest permanent lakes in the Middle East. Due to its biodiversity it has been designated as a Biosphere Reserve by UNESCO and a National Park under the 1971 Ramsar Convention. At present, the entire lake’s watershed is threatened due to drought and abrupt decline of the lake’s water level

Three-dimensional imaging of fuel tracer planar laser-induced fluorescence in a homogeneous charge compression ignition (HCCI) engine is presented. A high-speed multiple Nd:YAG laser and detection system, in combination, with a scanning mirror, are used to collect eight images, with an equidistant separation of 0.5 mm. Three-dimensional isoconcentration surfaces calculated from the data are visual

We start by providing an evolutionary scenario for the emergence of semantics. It is argued that the evolution of anticipatory cognition and theory of mind in the hominids opened up for cooperation about future goals. This cooperation requires symbolic communication. The meanings of the symbols are established via a "meeting of minds." The concepts in the minds of communicating individuals are mod

Low-complexity VLSI (very large scale integration) architecture of the square root algorithm is proposed for MIMO (multiple-input multiple-output) detection. As a modification to the traditional QR triangular array based architecture, the proposed architecture significantly reduces the area and power consumption with virtually no performance or throughput degradation. The finite word length effect

This paper describes a case of collaboration between academia and business firms in supporting innovation processes based on the CILO method, named after the CILO project (communication in learning organizations). The CILO method is an example of firm-supportive research approach. We describe the outcomes related to enhancing enterprise performance from applying the CILO-method in relation to one

The goal of the paper is to present a decomposed approach to optimization of inter-domain routing in IP networks. A problem of maximizing the total amount of traffic carried in an inter-domain network is formulated as a linear programme. Using Lagrangean relaxation the problem is decomposed with respect to individual domains. A resolution method based on subgradient optimization combined with reco

House dust mites are animals of a size less than 0.5 mm that can live in beds, carpets and furniture feeding on skin scales. They are a common source of allergy in, e.g., Scandinavia, where their major habitat is in beds. Previous studies show that in drier environments the house dust mite occurrence is lower, and persons with dust mite allergy have fewer symptoms during the winter when the indoor

Lattice Boltzmann method (LBM) is an alternative to conventional CFD to capture the detailed activities of the transport processes at microscale. Here LBM is used to model the hydrogen production by splitting water by incident sunlight over water covered Si-nanorods. The purpose of this study is, by a 3D microscale model, to investigate the transport and the formation of the hydrogen bubbles by el

Approaches to determining the factuality of diagnoses and findings in clinical text tend to rely on dictionaries of marker words for uncertainty and negation. Here, a method for semi-automatically expanding a dictionary of marker words using distributional semantics is presented and evaluated. It is shown that ranking candidates for inclusion according to their proximity to cluster centroids of se

Abstract in UndeterminedThe paper describes a magnetizing machine for producing permanent magnets of desired magnetization pattern by use of feedback control. This will in theory mean that an ideal magnetization pattern can be realized, what could be described as a perfect magnet. The machine is to be used for applications requiring high accuracy magnets in terms of the shape of the magnetized are

Summary – 200 words In education today, there is a paradigm shift with critical challenges for Universities to enhance innovation in teaching and learning. Knowledge and learning are critical issues for most companies and private and civil service organizations with today’s rapid changes in socio-economy and technology. The needs for competence development vary along a broad scale from short info

The present study was conducted to explore self-identified thermal comfort zone and the perceived climate changes of indigenes who live in temperate, tropical and cold climates. A questionnaire study was carried out in the following seven countries: Mongol (Bsk by Köppen’s climate classification), Sweden (Cfb), Korea (Dwa), Japan (Cfa), Fiji (Af), Indonesia (Af), and Malaysia (Af). A total of 125

In this paper we outline the initial stages of a human centered design process aimed at the design of novel technology (tangible interactive objects) for stroke survivors. We found it useful to support standard methods, such as interviews and focus groups, with a video prototype in order to make the concept of tangible interaction, which was novel to our users, more clear. In addition we carried o

Is there a right to reject mental health care, or may such care be imposed against your will? Human rights law, developed prior to the Convention on the Rights of Persons with Disabilities (CRPD), answered this question with clear authorizations of compulsory interventions under certain circumstances: in essence, when the person has a psychosocial diagnosis, is perceived as in need of medical trea