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In biogas plants, lignocellulose-rich biomass (LCB) is particularly slowly degraded, causing high hydraulic retention times. This fact lowers the interests for such substrates. To enhance LCB-degradation, cattle rumen fluid, a highly active microbial resource accruing in the growing meat industry, might be used as a potential source for bioaugmentation. This study compares 0%, 20% and 40% rumen li
Good knowledge on how increasing urbanization affects biodiversity is essential in order to preserve biodiversity in urban green spaces. We examined how urban development affects species richness and total abundance of butterflies as well as the occurrence and abundance of individual species within the Helsinki metropolitan area in Northern Europe. Repeated butterfly counts in 167 separate 1-km-lo
Background: Reducing the need for hospitalisation in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is an important goal in COPD management. The aim of this study was to evaluate re-hospitalisation, treatment, comorbidities and mortality in patients with COPD who were hospitalised for the first time due to a COPD exacerbation. Methods: This was a retrospective, population-based observa
Photoluminescence (PL) of CH 3 NH 3 PbI 3
Factors related to insulin resistance have been implicated in prostate cancer development, however, few analytical studies support such an association. We performed a case control study on 392 prostate cancer cases and 392 matched controls nested in a prospective cohort in Northern Sweden. Plasma concentrations of C-peptide, leptin, glycated haemoglobin (HbA1c) and fasting and post-load glucose we
Males of both juveniles and adults had significantly longer wings than females, the difference between the sexes being c5.5%. Using wing length as the only criterion, between 97.4% and 88.6% of juveniles and between 98.0% and 93.4% of adults can be unambiguously sexed during autumn/winter. Individuals measured during their second or later autumn/winter had significantly longer wings than those mea
The aim of this work was to investigate the optically-stimulated luminescence (OSL) properties of potassium chloride (KCl) and its potential use in radiation dosimetry. The optimal condition for OSL readout with blue light stimulation were designated using a commercially available Risø TL/OSL reader. KCl was studied in three sample forms: crystals, powder and pellets. The following OSL characteris
Calcium ion binding to phospholipase A2 and its zymogen has been studied by 43Ca NMR. The temperature dependence of the band shape of the calcium-43 NMR signal has been used to calculate the calcium ion exchange rate. The on-rate was calculated to be 5 × 106 M-1 s-1, which is 2 orders of magnitude less than the diffusion limit of the hydrated Ca2+ ion in water. The 43Ca quadrupole coupling constan
The changes in extracellular Ca2+ (Cae) and K+ (Ke) activities were studied in the rat brain during insulin-induced hypoglycemia. At about the time of onset of isoelectric EEG in severe insulin-induced hypoglycemia (300-g male Wistar rats under 70% N2O anaesthesia), there was an increase in Ke which, at ∼13 mM, was associated with a fall in Cae. Ke peaked at 48 ± 12 mM, and Cae at 0.18 ± 0.28 mM.
Objectives: We previously found large variations in general practitioner (GP) hypertension treatment probability in oldest-old (>80 years) between countries. We wanted to explore whether differences in country-specific cardiovascular disease (CVD) burden and life expectancy could explain the differences. Design: This is a survey study using case-vignettes of oldest-old patients with different como
The cardiovascular responses to tilting and breathing were studied in 24 patients with late-onset Alzheimer's disease (AD) and 54 healthy control women aged between 75 and 96 years in order to study the parasympathetic and sympathetic heart-rate control. The cardiovascular response to tilting and breathing showed no age-associated decrease in the healthy control women. During rest, the AD patients
Oxygen supply is a critical point in technical processes when aerobic cells are used in immobilized preparations. This report concerns the use of hemoglobin or emulsions of perfluorochemicals (completely fluorinated organic compounds) to carry oxygen to immobilized cells. Both methods work well and do not seem to harm the cells. The perfluorochemical method of improving oxygen supply showed a high
Purpose: Hip dislocation in cerebral palsy (CP) is a serious complication. By radiographic screening and prophylactic surgery of children at risk most dislocations can be prevented. CPUP, the Swedish CP registry and follow-up program, includes annual radiographic examinations of children at Gross Motor Function Classification System (GMFCS) levels III-V. Data from CPUP were analysed to assess the
In the present study the microdialysis technique has been used as a tool for the study of functional regulation of intracerebrally grafted cholinergic and monoaminergic neurons as well as for the analysis of graft-host interactions. Fetal noradrenergic, serotonergic, dopaminergic, and cholinergic neurons were transplanted into the hippocampus or striatum previously denervated of their intrinsic mo
Hereditary cancer that has monogenic inheritance affects every tenth patient, on average, who is diagnosed with cancer, and it has been suggested, based on twin studies, that approximately 30% of all cancer patients have a genetic predisposition to developing cancer. In this article, the author posited that familial syndromes become more organ specific with increasing age at tumor presentation to
To study the progression of retinopathy in patients with mild diabetes mellitus, we examined, in a cohort study, 347 patients treated with diet alone at baseline. The patients participated in an ophthalmological screening and control programme, and diet-treated patients who were examined between January 1990 and July 1992 were included in the study and followed until October 1995. Mean follow-up t
Over 100,000,000 people worldwide are exposed to high arsenic groundwater utilised for drinking or cooking. The consequent global avoidable disease burden is estimated to be of the order of 100,000 avoidable deaths or more per annum from just direct exposures e i.e. excluding indirect exposure (from rice and other foods) and excluding morbidity. Notwithstanding 1000s of papers published on arsenic
BACKGROUND: Pseudocereals are nutrient-rich grains with high mineral content but also phytate content. Phytate is a mineral absorption inhibitor. The study's aim was to evaluate phytate degradation during spontaneous fermentation and during Lactobacillus plantarum 299v® fermentation of quinoa, canihua, and amaranth grains and flours. It also aimed to evaluate the accessibility of iron, zinc, and c
