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After a tank has been exposed to crash violence, or an external fire, it might, in some situations, be judged dangerous to move the vessel due to the risk of a sudden tank rupture. Therefore, Swedish rescue services have a long history of using rifles to penetrate and therefore depressurize the vessels. In this paper, some first steps on providing guidance on the selection of ammunition and requirAfter a tank has been exposed to crash violence, or an external fire, it might, in some situations, be judged dangerous to move the vessel due to the risk of a sudden tank rupture. Therefore, Swedish rescue services have a long history of using rifles to penetrate and therefore depressurize the vessels. In this paper, some first steps on providing guidance on the selection of ammunition and requir

Background and purposeUncertainty and changeability often characterize the cases that come to the attention of social services and are also something that social workers to some degrees are trained to deal with. However, while the organizational complexity affecting the decision-making process is described to increase, scholars in organization studies argue that as pressures increase and resources

Abstract in Undetermined While women today often face a substantial wage penalty for childbearing, we show that this was not always the case, making use of a rich material of matched employer-employee data covering the Swedish tobacco industry in 1898 in its entirety. Although working conditions were dire, and hours long, women working in the late nineteenth-century manufacturing industry faced noWhile women today often face a substantial wage penalty for childbearing, we show that this was not always the case, making use of a rich material of matched employer-employee data covering the Swedish tobacco industry in 1898 in its entirety. Although working conditions were dire, and hours long, women working in the late nineteenth-century manufacturing industry faced no motherhood penalty. Comp

The German bread market is considered one of the most developed and diverse bread markets worldwide. However, until so far no empirical evidence exists with respect to consumers liking and willingness to pay for different value-added attributes in whole grain bread. Thus, our study is the first one providing empirical evidence on how German consumers perceive different value-added attributes in wh

This thesis presents the development of a numerical optimization algorithm for airfoils, and how it can be used in design of wind turbine blades. It was found that the developed algorithm successfully improves the goal parameters under given conditions and constraints. This research was conducted on behalf of Winfoor AB who has developed a conceptually new blade design, in which every single blade

The economy today is linear, which means that all products that are produced have an end of life. It is produced, used and recycled. In the future we are aiming for a circular economy where the products never become waste but instead is reused and remodelled to fill a new purpose. EU has taken on the Directive 2008/98/EC on waste which contains a waste hierarcy. The waste hierarcy aims to prevent

Active suspensions of microswimmers such as bacteria or microalgae are found in oceans or lakes, and within living organisms, such as the human body. These suspensions can exhibit complex flow patterns and enhanced diffusion of passive tracer particles due to the advection from the long-ranged dipolar flow fields of the swimmers. The diffusion of tracers at varying radii is poorly understood but o

Background: Warehouses serve an important role in many supply chains as they can affect business competitiveness in terms of both costs and customer service. However, the cost of operating a warehouse is often high due to the presence of many non-value adding activities. Lean is a philosophy that can be used to eliminate waste and enable cost reductions in companies. By implementing Lean warehousi

Environmental Education [EE] was created in the pursuit of providing specific targets to promote environmental, knowledge, attitudes, skills, participation and creating the societal shift. India was perhaps one of the first nations to have internalized EE in primary school curriculums, however, its application is still far from flawless. Teachers have often been observed as they take a central rol

Territorial and temporal are the civil wars in Libya and Syria relatively similar, despite the similarities, the events have given different results regarding resolutions in the Security Council. My questions are: How can you find the IR theories, realism and liberalism, in the arguments surrounding Libya and Syria in the UN Security Council? Can we find arguments that are both realistic and liber

The chapter studies the relationship between inequality and institutional change in the long-run. The key message is that societies change slowly and unpredictably because of path dependency of economic, political, and social institutions. Prevalent inequalities between different groups rooted in history may help to explain why change does not take place. This has implications for the results that

Popular Abstract in English Over thirty years of experience shows that energy efficiency is the easiest, fastest, and cheapest strategy to reduce today’s rampant energy use. To enhance energy efficiency, governmental intervention and business strategies are needed. The question of which governmental policies are the most effective to support energy efficiency remains unanswered. Policy learning anExperience shows that energy efficiency improvements are the most cost-effective path to meeting global energy challenges. To promote energy efficiency, various policy instruments have been in place since the 1970s. Nevertheless, energy efficiency improvements still lag behind their potential in the building sector, which indicates that there is a lack of knowledge about the performance of policie

Countering the effects of human-induced environmental threats around the world is more urgent than ever. At the same time the power of companies has increased in the last decades. Activities of companies are capable of affecting human health negatively and in some cases the effects are so severe as to give rise to human rights violations. The question that is asked in this thesis is whether this p