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Objectives To analyse potential biomarkers for vibration-induced nerve damage in a population-based, observational study. Design Prospective cohort study. Setting Malmö Diet Cancer Study (MDCS), Malmö, Sweden. Participants In a subcohort of 3898 individuals (recruited 1991-1996) from MDCS (baseline examination in 28 449 individuals; collection of fasting blood samples in a cardiovascular subcohort

Budd et al. challenge the identity of neural traces reported for the Cambrian lobopodian Cardiodictyon catenulum. Their argumentation is unsupported, as are objections with reference to living Onychophora that misinterpret established genomic, genetic, developmental, and neuroanatomical evidence. Instead, phylogenetic data corroborate the finding that the ancestral panarthropod head and brain is u

Coherent tunneling processes of multiple Cooper pairs across a Josephson junction give rise to high harmonics in the current phase relation. In this work, we propose and study Josephson junctions based on semiconductor-superconductor-ferromagnetic insulator heterostructures to engineer nonsinusoidal current-phase relations. The gate-tunability of the charge carriers' density in the semiconductor,

The new phase Mg7Pt4Ge4 (Mg8□1Pt4Ge4; □ = vacancy) was prepared by reacting a mixture of the corresponding elements at high temperatures. According to single crystal X-ray diffraction data, it adopts a defect variant of the lighter analogue Mg2PtSi (Mg8Pt4Si4), reported in the Li2CuAs structure. An ordering of the Mg vacancies results in a stoichiometric phase, Mg7Pt4Ge4. However, the high content

IntroductionForensic pathologists are frequently confronted with questions about the likelihood that an injury is inflicted by an assault or is self-inflicted. However, little is known of epidemiological variables applicable to differentiate between homicides and suicides in deaths caused by single stab injuries to the trunk. MethodUsing the Swedish forensic autopsy register we identified 94 homic

Phenotypic drug discovery (PDD) enables the target-agnostic generation of therapeutic drugs with novel mechanisms of action. However, realizing its full potential for biologics discovery requires new technologies to produce antibodies to all, a priori unknown, disease-associated biomolecules. We present a methodology that helps achieve this by integrating computational modeling, differential antib

STUDY QUESTION: Which substances and signal transduction pathways are potentially active downstream to the effect of FSH and LH in the regulation of human oocyte maturation in vivo? SUMMARY ANSWER: The regulation of human oocyte maturation appears to be a multifactorial process in which several different signal transduction pathways are active. WHAT IS KNOWN ALREADY: Many studies in animal species

Understanding of mass transfer in gas-liquid slug flow is imperative to design and optimize micro-reactors. There exist extensive studies on symmetric bubbles by the phase volume monitor technique, whereas deformed bubbles are rarely studied due to the limitation of volume calculation methods. In this work, CO2-water and N2-water two-phase flows were investigated in a square microchannel, obtainin

Sleep problems, in particular the difficulty in initiating and maintaining sleep are important comorbidities in children and adolescents with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), accompanied by a range of negative consequences for both patients and their caregivers. Melatonin, a naturally occurring hormone that is important for coordinating the body's sleep-wake cycle, has been used to

Si1−xGex nanowires (NWs) were prepared by gold-supported chemical vapor deposition (CVD) using a single-source precursor with preformed Si–Ge bonds. Besides the tamed reactivity of the precursor, the approach reduces the process parameters associated with the control of decomposition characteristics and the dosing of individual precursors. The group IV alloy NWs are single crystalline with a const

We study the transient dynamics subject to quantum coherence effects of two interacting parallel quantum dots weakly coupled to macroscopic leads. The stationary particle current of this quantum system is sensitive to perturbations much smaller than any other energy scale, specifically compared to the system-lead coupling and the temperature. We show that this is due to the presence of a parity-li

Reading out the parity degree of freedom of Majorana bound states is key to demonstrating their non-Abelian exchange properties. Here, we present a low-energy model describing localized edge states in a two-arm device. We study parity-to-charge conversion based on coupling the superconductor bound states to a quantum dot whose charge is read out by a sensor. The dynamics of the system, including t

The LIN28B RNA binding protein exhibits an ontogenically restricted expression pattern and is a key molecular regulator of fetal and neonatal B lymphopoiesis. It enhances the positive selection of CD5+ immature B cells early in life through amplifying the CD19/PI3K/c-MYC pathway and is sufficient to reinitiate self-reactive B-1a cell output when ectopically expressed in the adult. In this study, i

IntroductionPostural Orthostatic Tachycardia Syndrome (POTS) is a disorder characterized by excessive orthostatic tachycardia and orthostatic intolerance. While traditional inflammatory biomarkers tend to be normal, a subclinical inflammatory process may be present in POTS.PurposeWe aimed to analyse novel inflammatory biomarkers in POTS patients: Growth Differentiation Factor 15 (GDF15), Neutrophi

BACKGROUND & AIMS: Gallstones (cholelithiasis) constitute a major health burden with high costs related to surgical removal of the gallbladder (cholecystectomy), generally indicated for symptomatic gallstones. The association between gallstones and cholecystectomy and kidney cancer is controversial. We comprehensively investigated this association, considering age at cholecystectomy and time f

Climate change is an important driver of range shifts and community composition changes. Still, little is known about how the responses are influenced by the combination of land use, species interactions and species traits. We integrate climate and distributional data for 131 butterfly species in Sweden and Finland and show that cumulative species richness has increased with increasing temperature