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Peatland ecosystems emit biogenic volatile organic compounds (BVOC), which have a net cooling impact on the climate. However, the quality and quantity of BVOC emissions, and how they are regulated by vegetation and peatland type remain poorly understood. Here we measured BVOC emissions with dynamic enclosures from two major boreal peatland types, a minerotrophic fen and an ombrotrophic bog situate

Fe(III) complexes with N-heterocyclic carbene (NHC) ligands belong to the rare examples of Earth-abundant transition metal complexes with long-lived luminescent charge-transfer excited states that enable applications as photosensitizers for charge separation reactions. We report three new hexa-NHC complexes of this class: [Fe(brphtmeimb)2]PF6(brphtmeimb = [(4-bromophenyl)tris(3-methylimidazol-2-yl

Nanoplastics are increasingly being recognized as a global pollutant. However, relatively few studies report directly measured concentrations of nano- and microplastics in environmental samples, although available data suggest levels of up to 0.5 mg L−1 in lake water, which is surprisingly high. Their degradation in the environment, particularly under UV irradiation, is still poorly understood. He

We must recognize that plastics likely constitute a pervasive background in many environments. Beyond their previously documented risks to ecosystems and human health, plastics may also exert unintended influences on laboratory experiments, potentially distorting experimental outcomes. Here, we demonstrate that ultrasound treatment of commonly used laboratory test tubes releases nanoplastics into

Attosecond pulses produced by high-order harmonic generation in gases driven by intense laser fields have become a cornerstone technique for probing ultrafast electronic motion in matter. These applications require a good knowledge of the temporal and spectral properties of the emitted radiation. In this work, we generate a train of two to three attosecond pulses that we characterize using two-col

Photoionization of atoms by high-order harmonics in the presence of a laser may lead to quantum interference from which information about the photoionization dynamics or the light fields can be extracted. Traditionally, this interference arises from two-photon transitions involving the absorption of consecutive harmonics combined with the absorption and stimulated emission of a laser photon. In th

Germline mutations in the SAMD9 and SAMD9L genes, located in tandem on chromosome 7, are associated with a clinical spectrum of disorders including the MIRAGE syndrome, ataxia–pancytopenia syndrome and myelodysplasia and leukemia syndrome with monosomy 7 syndrome. Germline gain-of-function mutations increase SAMD9 or SAMD9L’s normal antiproliferative effect. This causes pancytopenia and generally

Many people are living with the consequences of a stroke for a great partof their lives, but knowledge is lacking on how rehabilitation and social services should bedesigned in a long-term perspective. There is a particular need for knowledge on how tosupport long-term participation in social and leisure activities.

AIM: To investigate secular trends and regional disparities in hospitalizations due to systemic connective tissue diseases (SCTD) in Sweden from 1998 to 2016.METHOD: We identified all hospital admissions with a principal diagnosis of SCTD (ICD-10 codes: M30-M36) from the Swedish National Patient Register. Joinpoint regression was used to assess secular trends in age-standardized hospitalization ra

Objective: The aim was to compare the vitamin D levels in patients with Graves disease (GD) with the general population and to correlate the vitamin D levels with laboratory and clinical parameters in GD. Moreover, we examined the genetic variation in genes involved in the vitamin D metabolism and their association with GD.Methods: The levels of vitamin D were compared in 292 patients with newly d

The derivation of astrocytes from human pluripotent stem cells is currently slow and inefficient. We demonstrate that overexpression of the transcription factors SOX9 and NFIB in human pluripotent stem cells rapidly and efficiently yields homogeneous populations of induced astrocytes. In our study these cells exhibited molecular and functional properties resembling those of adult human astrocytes

Background: Activation of the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone-system (RAAS) has been proposed to contribute to development of vascular complications in type 2 diabetes (T2D). The aim of the present study was to determine if plasma renin levels are associated with the severity of vascular changes in subjects with and without T2D. Methods: Renin was analyzed by the Proximity Extension Assay in subject

Nanowires (NWs) have unique electrical and optical properties of value for many applications including lighting, sensing, and energy harnessing. Consumer products containing NWs increase the risk of NWs being released in the environment, especially into aquatic ecosystems through sewage systems. Daphnia magna is a common, cosmopolitan freshwater organism sensitive to toxicity tests and represents

The Netherlands is a small country with a relatively large population which experienced a rapid rate of land use changes from 2000 to 2008 years due to the industrialization and population increase. Land use change is especially related to the urban expansion and open agriculture reduction due to the enhanced economic growth. This research reports an investigation into the application of remote se

This study explores the application of spatial modelling techniques to generate susceptibility maps for a neglected zoonotic disease, visceral leishmaniasis (VL), in an endemic area in southern Caucasus that includes Iran, Armenia and Azerbaijan. The social and physical environment of southern Caucasus has been mainly characterized by the presence of several factors that are strongly associated wi

The role of blood pressure (BP) changes in dementia is debatable. We aimed to analyse how resting and postural BP changes relate to incident dementia over a long-term follow-up. In the prospective population-based Malmö Preventive Project, 18,240 study participants (mean age: 45 ± 7 years, 63% male) were examined between 1974 and 1992 with resting and standing BP measurement, and re-examined betwe

Key points Hematopoietic stem cell aging associate with stable transcriptional alterations that persist through transplantation.Somatic cell reprogramming of aged hematopoietic stem and progenitor cells reverses functional defects associated with hematopoietic aging.

OBJECTIVE: The aim of this study was to analyze how an altered collagen structure affects development of atherosclerotic plaques. METHODS AND RESULTS: Fibromodulin-null mice develop an abnormal collagen fibril structure. In apolipoprotein E (ApoE)-null and ApoE/fibromodulin-null mice, a shear stress-modifying carotid artery cast induced formation of atherosclerotic plaques of different phenotypes;

The destruction of land and forced migration during the Anfal attacks against the Kurds in Iraq in the late 1980s has been reported to have severe consequences for agricultural development. A reconstruction program to aid people in returning to their lands was launched in 1991. To assess the agricultural situation in the Duhok governorate during the pre-Anfal (A), post-Anfal (B), reconstruction (C