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Nettoprimärproduktionen (NPP), är källan till den mat vi äter, virket vi bygger hus av och veden vi eldar med. NPP spelar också en stor roll i den globala kolcykeln, genom fotosyntesen så binder växterna koldioxid från luften och producerar blad och stammar. Hur mycket växterna producerar styrs till stor utsträckning av klimatet samt hur mycket koldioxid som finns i atmosfären. Detta gör att de föNet primary production (NPP) serves as an indicator for plant-based resources such as food, timber and biofuel for human appropriation. It is defined by the annual production of plant matter and is mainly controlled by climate and human activities. Climate change in combination with human activities is altering NPP. As the controls of NPP are expected to further change in the future, it is vital t

Lean premixed dry low emission (DLE) combustion system in a gas turbine engine is a globally accepted concept to reduce pollutant emissions and to improve combustion efficiency. This study is focused on an industrial downscaled prototype burner (4th Generation Dry Low Emission Burner for SGT-750 designed and manufactured by Siemens Industrial Turbo machinery AB), which has been tested extensively

The mechanisms that specify photoreceptor cell-fate determination, especially as regards to short-wave-sensitive (S) versus medium-wave-sensitive (M) cone identity, and maintain their nature and function, are not fully understood. Here we report the importance of general transcription factor II-I repeat domain-containing protein 1 (GTF2IRD1) in maintaining M cone cell identity and function as well

Gelatin coating of brain implants is known to provide considerable benefits in terms of reduced inflammatory sequalae and long-term neuroprotective effects. However, the mechanisms for gelatin's protective role in brain injury are still unknown. To address this question, cellular and molecular markers were studied with quantitative immunohistochemical microscopy at acute (<2. hours, 1, 3. days), i

Mammals are born with an immature gastrointestinal (GI) tract that allows the uptake of the specific nutrients and bioactive macromolecules in the milk, especially the protecting maternal antibodies. Eventually during weaning, the intake of milk decreases while that of solid food increases, and the GI system undergoes prominent structural and functional changes adapting the young this dietary chan

Learning partnerships are becoming increasingly common for municipalities to fulfill their roles as important actors in adaptive governance regimes for sustainability. However, there is little theoretical guidance for municipalities, endangering the effectiveness of partnerships. The Ball-Bearing Framework used in this thesis is one of the first attempts to understand inter-municipal partnerships,

När lagstiftarna kriminaliserar en viss gärning innebär detta att ett brott har skapats. Detta sker främst i syfte att avhålla människor från att begå handlingen i fråga. Men då en kriminalisering i förlängningen kan innebära ett straff, vilket är en mycket långtgående och repressiv form av myndighetsutövning, krävs att det finns vissa begränsningar för när en kriminalisering får ske för att dettaWhen legislators criminalise a certain act, a crime has been created. The main purpose of this is to deter people from committing the act in question. But as a criminalisation can result in punishment, which is a very severe and suppressive form of administrative supervision, it requires certain restrictions being made as to when such a criminalisation can be considered legitimate. A very basic pr

I våldtäktsmål utgör ofta målsägandens berättelse en stor del av bevisningen eftersom bevisning i den här typen av mål kan vara svår att få fram. Därmed blir målsägandens trovärdighet av stor betydelse för utgången i målet. Redan i NJA 1980 s. 225 slog Högsta domstolen (HD) fast att det för än fällande dom inte räcker att målsäganden är mer trovärdig än den tilltalade. Efter detta mål har praxis uIn rape cases, the victim’s story often represents a crucial part of the evidence, since it can be difficult to produce other types of evidence in such cases. Therefore, the victim’s credibility is of great significance for the outcome of a case. Already in NJA 1980 p. 225, the Supreme Court (HD) stated that in order to accomplish a conviction it is not sufficient for a victim to be more credible

I Helsingborgs stad, likt i många andra större städer i Sverige, råder det platsbrist samtidigt som grönytor försvinner i takt med att nybyggnationer ökar. Helsingborgs stad har som vision att vara en skapande, pulserande, gemensam, global och balanserad stad för både människor och företag år 2035. Den nya urbaniseringstrenden ställer därmed krav på stadens uppbyggnad och planering. Vidare har gröIn Helsingborg, as in many other major cities in Sweden, there is a shortage of space as green space disappears while new construction increases. The municipality of Helsingborg has a vision to be a creative, vibrant, common, global and balanced city for both people and companies by 2035. The new urbanization trend places a demand on the city's construction and planning. Furthermore, greenery

En av folkrättens mest grundläggande normer är det allmänna våldsförbudet som regleras i artikel 2(4) i FN-stadgan. Självförsvarsrätten utgör ett undantag till detta förbud vilket framgår av artikel 51 i FN-stadgan. En mycket omdebatterad fråga inom folkrätten är frågan huruvida det finns en rätt till självförsvar mot icke-statliga aktörer. Denna uppsats syftar till att undersöka denna fråga och bOne of the most fundamental rules of international law is the prohibition on the use of force contained in Article 2(4) of the UN Charter. The right to self-defence constitutes an exception to this prohibition and is contained in Article 51 of the UN Charter. A much-debated question within international law is the question whether there exists a right to self-defence against non-state actors. This

Uppsatsen redogör framväxten av aborträtten och relationen till rätten till skydd för privatliv i Sverige och USA. I Sverige grundade sig rätten till fri abort på ett behov av en modern lagstiftning som återspeglade samhällets syn på aborträtten. Lagen som antogs, 1974 års abortlag, består än idag och garanterar kvinnor rätten att genomgå abort fram tills gravidvecka 18. För USA:s vidkommande grunThe essay provides an account of the emergence of the right to abortion and its relationship to the right to privacy in Sweden and the United States. In Sweden, the right to free abortion was established based on the need for modern legislation that reflected society's views on the right to abortion. The law, 1974 års abortlag, enacted in 1974 and remains in effect today, guaranteeing women th

Purpose: The purpose of this paper is to research how Air Canada uses their country-of-origin as part of their identity and branding strategy and to find out how a global customer base perceives it. Air Canada was chosen for the main focus of this research, as the airline is leveraging their Canadian country-of-origin as the primary factor in differentiating themselves in a highly competitive mark

Den digitala utvecklingen som ständigt sker i samhället ställer krav på lagstiftaren att följa med i utvecklingen. Som en följd av den frekventa användningen av internet har också brott som kränker den sexuella integriteten på nätet ökat. Forskarna Clare McGlynn och Erika Rackley har funnit en form av kränkningar som särskilt riktar sig mot kvinnor, så kallade bildbaserade sexuella övergrepp. ÖverThe digital development that is constantly taking place in society places demands on the legislator to keep up with the continuous progression. As a consequence of the frequent use of the Internet, crimes that violate sexual privacy online have increased. Researchers Clare McGlynn and Erika Rackley have examined the form of violations that specifically target women, Image-Based Sexual Abuse. The a

The European Union (EU) taxonomy regulation marked a milestone in the sustainable finance agenda. The taxonomy aims to accelerate the mobilisation of public and private finance to support the transition to a net-zero economy. The EU’s taxonomy regulation established a classification system of environmentally sustainable economic activities to provide financiers clarity on what to consider a sustai

This thesis covers areas within estimation and optimal control of vehicles, in particular four-wheeled vehicles. One topic is how to handle delayed and out-of-sequence measurements (OOSMs) in tracking systems. The motivation for this is that with technological development and exploitation of more sensors in tracking systems, OOSMs gain more significance in various applications. The thesis derives

This thesis seeks to determine whether it is possible to strike a regulatory balance between satisfying the interests derived from individuals' right to privacy and states' defence of national security. However, the goal of this work is not to conduct an abstract analysis of the interrelations of these, sometimes conflicting, interests but to find practical solutions to a present issue, th

Microfluidic systems allow for fast and precise manipulation of small volume samples in a highly controlled environment. In such a system, acoustic trapping is a powerful tool, enabling non-contact isolation of cells and microvesicles from complex media. In this technique, an ultrasonic standing wave is introduced in the microchannel. The standing wave exerts size-dependent acoustic forces on part

The retail landscape has endured significant changes as a result of the e-commerce industry’s rapid growth over the last decade. As new channels are being added, traditional brick-andmortar retailers have transformed into multi- and omni-channel retailers in order to seize this growth opportunity. Last-mile delivery is stated to be one of the logistical processes mostly affected by the shift to om

Stakeholders are voicing concerns over the social and environmental impacts of components of Europe’s renewable energy strategy that will significantly increase the region’s demand for forest biomass. Energy companies must address these concerns if they are to manage financial, reputational, regulatory and competitive risks. Sustainability schemes may help reduce such risks by increasing the socia