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Lymphocytes are the key cells of the adaptive immune system that provide antigen-specific responses tailored to the context of antigen exposure. Through cytokine release and antibody production, lymphocytes orchestrate and amplify the recruitment and function of other immune cells and contribute to host defense against invading pathogens and the pathogenesis of many inflammatory diseases. Lymphocy
Background: Due to lack of knowledge about seasonal influenza vaccine effectiveness (SIVE) against laboratory-confirmed influenza in patients aged ≥65 years a study to measure SIVE in patients admitted to hospital due to severe acute respiratory infection (SARI) in Lithuania during the 2015-2018 was conducted.Materials/methods: A test-negative case-control study was performed between 2015-2016 and
Human alpha 1-m microglobulin (alpha 1-m), a low molecular weight plasma protein, was found to exert mitogenic effects on mouse lymphocytes from lymph nodes and spleen. The stimulatory effects appeared to be strain-restricted: alpha 1-m induced a varying degree of proliferation of lymphocytes from three strains, whereas one strain responded poorly. Experiments with lymphocyte subpopulations showed
Rationale: Atrial fibrillation (AF) increases the risk of stroke and it can be reduced by treatment with warfarin. Some patients consider that warfarin is a stressful treatment with undesired effects and the perceived barriers include unwillingness to take it. Knowledge of patients resisting warfarin treatment may be useful for the potential threat to maintaining shared decision-making in the cons
CD103(+)CD11b(+) dendritic cells (DCs) represent the major migratory DC population within the small intestinal lamina propria (SI-LP), but their in vivo function remains unclear. Here we demonstrate that intestinal CD103(+)CD11b(+) DC survival was dependent on interferon regulatory factor 4 (IRF4). Mice with a DC deletion in Irf4 displayed reduced numbers of intestinal interleukin 17 (IL-17)-secre
The coexistence of two lamellar liquid-crystalline phases in equilibrium for binary surfactant-water systems is a rare and still puzzling phenomenon. In the few binary systems where it has been demonstrated experimentally, the surfactant is invariably ionic and the miscibility gap is thought to stem from a subtle balance between attractive and repulsive interbilayer forces. In this paper, we repor
Inhibitory CD33-related Siglec receptors regulate immune cell activation upon engaging ubiquitous sialic acids (Sias) on host cell surface glycans. Through molecular mimicry, Sia-expressing pathogen group B Streptococcus binds inhibitory human Siglec-9 (hSiglec-9) to blunt neutrophil activation and promote bacterial survival. We unexpectedly discovered that hSiglec-9 also specifically binds high m
Memory cells are currently thought to be a major barrier to tolerance induction in transplantation. However, whether alloreactive memory cells resulting from a primary transplant have cross-reactivity in a second transplant is unclear. Here, we used skin transplantation from BALB/c mice donors to pre-sensitize C(57) BL/6 (B6) mice. One month later, several strains of mice (including BALB/c, DBA/2,
The present study was conducted to explore self-identified thermal comfort zone and the perceived climate changes of indigenes who live in temperate, tropical and cold climates. A questionnaire study was carried out in the following seven countries: Mongol (Bsk by Köppen’s climate classification), Sweden (Cfb), Korea (Dwa), Japan (Cfa), Fiji (Af), Indonesia (Af), and Malaysia (Af). A total of 125
Aims: The aim of this study was to investigate the associations between socioeconomic status (SES) and self-reported unmet health care needs, taking economic stress, generalized trust in other people and trust in the health care system into account. Methods: The 2012 public health survey in Scania was conducted using a postal questionnaire and included 28,029 participants aged 18-80 years. The stu
Rapid elasticity is one of the essential characteristics of cloud computing identified by NIST [17]. Elasticity allows resources to be provisioned and released to scale rapidly out ward and in ward according to demand. Tens - if not hundreds - of algorithms have been proposed in the literature to automatically achieve elastic provisioning [15, 23, 14, 21, 13, 20, 6, 12, 16, 10]. These algorithms a
The N400 has been seen to be larger for concrete thanabstract words, and for pseudowords than real words. Using a word vectoranalysis to calculate semantic associates (SA), as well as ratings foremotional arousal (EA), and a measure of orthographic neighbourhood (ON), thepresent study investigated the relation between these factors and N400 amplitudes during a lexical decision task usingSwedish wo
Host-defense peptides play a fundamental role in the innate immune system by modulating inflammatory responses. Previously, it was shown that the thrombin derived host-defense peptide GKY25 inhibits LPS-induced responses of monocytes and macrophages in vitro, ex vivo, and in vivo. In this study, the effect of GKY25 on the interaction of monocytes/macrophages with Gram-negative bacteria was explore
Introduction: Cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB) surgery remains associated with significant cardiovascular morbidity in both pediatric and adult patients but the mechanisms are not fully clarified. Abnormalities in coronary flow and function have beensuggested to play an important role. A few prior studies suggested protective effects on coronary and myocardial function by short intravenous (i.v.) infu
Brain interstitial and cerebrospinal fluid drainage into the lymphatics was studied by injections of 5 microliters of packed sheep red blood cells (SRBC) injected into the caudate nucleus, the occipital lobe, and the lateral ventricle of the brain in mice. The number of plaque-forming cells (PFC) was determined in the deep cervical lymph nodes, the axillary lymph nodes, and the spleen, and the num
In this paper, the effects of internal coolant crossflow on double-jet holes were simulated and compared with two rows of cylindrical holes under three blowing ratios (M = 0.5, 1.0, and 1.5), with an established and validated turbulence model. The results show that double-jet holes can provide better film cooling performance for the three different blowing ratios compared with cylindrical holes. A
Motivated by the observed bottom-light initial mass function (IMF) in faint dwarfs, we study how a metallicity-dependent IMF affects the feedback budget and observables of an ultra-faint dwarf galaxy. We model the evolution of a low-mass 8 × 108 M⊙) dark matter halo with cosmological, zoomed hydrodynamical simulations capable of resolving individual supernovae explosions, which we complement with
