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Computer programs are excluded subject matter ''as such'' under the EPC. However, once ''technical character'' can be established in a software invention, and it fulfills all the requirements for patentability - being an invention, which is novel, has inventive step and is industrially applicable - software is very much patentable. The technical character requiremen
In online auctions bidding frequency tends to increase towards the last minutes of the auction. This thesis investigates why bidders might choose to engage in last minute bidding, sniping, in Tradera auctions (Tradera is a Swedish subsidiary of eBay). Tradera uses a hard-close rule and a second-price rule. In hard-close auctions the dead-line occurs at a specific time, after which new bids are not
This Master’s Thesis, under the Division of Machine Design at Lund Institute of Technology, was conducted at Presona AB located in Tomelilla, Sweden during the first half of 2006. Presona AB is a leading manufacturer of equipment for handling and compression of waste. The object of the thesis is to reduce the manufacturing cost of Presona’s heavy duty stationary compactor. This is acquired by rede
INTRODUCTION In the last years a lot of researches about source separation have been realized, like extraction of a signal of interest (vocal recognition application), identification of which source gives which sound (motor engine applications) or noise source characterization (environmental application). Most of these techniques for sound source estimation use the signal-subspace approach, where
Presentation of French writer Laurent Mauvignier and his work. He has written eight novels and one play so far: Loin d'eux, Apprendre à finir, Ceux d'à côté, Seuls, Le Lien, Dans la foule, Des hommes, Ce que j'appelle oubli and Tout mon amour (play). An analysis of the character of the narrative in the novels is given. Since the Algerian war (taking place between 1954 and 1962) plays a
Author: Ulrika Eklund Title: "Sometimes the goal is not to become self-sufficient, it is rather about feeling better." A qualitative study on the activation of refugees, related to migration and mental illness. Supervisor: Torbjörn Hjort The purpose of this study was to examine how the city of Malmö are working with people with PTSD and mental illness related to migration who receives
If money with illicit origins enters into circulation in the financial system it poses a threat to the mechanisms of the financial system. Financial Action Task Force have concluded that the Swedish legal requirements for combating money laundering is insufficient, and the organisation have advised Swedish authorities to effectuate preventive measures. Therefore, the Swedish legal system is not co
Mobility is becoming an even bigger part of people's lives in our global society. People travel more than ever and the forecast says it will not slow down. Business traveling has become a big part of this mobility, and especially aeromobility, therefore it is a topic worth further investigation. This study focuses on the relation between hypermobile business travelers' behavior and how the
Irritable bowel syndrome has a negative impact on a person's quality of life, but only a few existing studies have been based on patients' own perceptions. This study therefore aimed to collect information on the view of female patients with irritable bowel syndrome regarding what constitutes a good quality of life for them and to create a healthcare model for these patients. For the study, 30 wom
BACKGROUND: There are few data on how patients on maintenance treatment of reflux oesophagitis take their medication. This study was designed to investigate the dosing patterns of patients on on-demand treatment and to compare lansoprazole with omeprazole in this regard. METHODS: Patients with reflux oesophagitis, initially treated until absence of symptoms, took capsules of either lansoprazole (3
I upphandlingsmål ska officialprincipen tillämpas på ett försiktigt sätt. Syftet med uppsatsen är att söka klarhet i om det införts en åberopsbörda i upphandlingsmål likt den som finns för dispositiva tvistemål samt hur en eventuell åberopsbörda samspelar med officialprincipen. Uppsatsen ämnar besvara två frågeställningar: hur kan vi förstå förvaltningsprocessens regler i FPL samt praxis i förhållThe thesis aims to determine if a burden of proof exists in public procurement cases. Further, the aim is to investigate how a possible burden of proof interacts with the ex officio inquiry principle . By using a legal dogmatic method, the thesis will answer two questions. How do the rules in FPL and Swedish case law compare to the burden of proof in the Swedish Code of Judicial Procedure (RB)? Ho
The Planes of Satellites Problem is an open question within the field of galaxy formation. It is based on the observations that the Milky Way's satellites, as well as those around the Andromeda (M31) galaxy, align in planes. This applies both to the satellites' positions lying close to the plane of best fit, and to the satellites' orbital planes aligning within a narrow angle. Such pla
Time-series of digital elevation models (DEMs) of the forefield of the Bruarjokull surge-type glacier in Iceland were used to quantify the volume of material that was mobilized by the 1963-1964 surge. The DEMs were produced by stereophotogrammetry on aerial photographs from before the surge (1961) and after (1988 and 2003). The analysis was performed on two DEMs of Difference (DoDs), i.e., a 1961-
Abstract Determination of the respiratory tract deposition of airborne particles is critical for risk assessment of air pollution, inhaled drug delivery, and understanding of respiratory disease. With the advent of nanotechnology, there has been an increasing interest in the measurement of pulmonary deposition of nanoparticles because of their unique properties in inhalation toxicology and medicin
PURPOSE: To evaluate patients' vision-related activity limitation before and after bilateral cataract surgery using the German version of the Catquest-9SF questionnaire. SETTING: Hanusch Hospital, Vienna, Austria, and Ophthalmic Clinic, Minden, Germany. DESIGN: Questionnaire development. METHODS: This prospective 2-center study included patients who were scheduled for bilateral cataract surgery an
The biogeography of speciation and what can be learned about the past mode of speciation from current biogeography of sister species are recurrent problems in evolution. We used a trait- and individual-based, eco-evolutionary model to simulate adaptive radiations and recorded the geographical overlap of species during and after evolutionary branching (speciation). We compared the spatial overlap a
We examined the effect of thermal shock on the germination of seeds of three conifers, two introduced (Pseudotsuga menziesii and Pinus ponderosa), and one native to Patagonia (Araucaria araucana). Previous research has suggested increased susceptibility to invasions in burnt areas, and therefore, the effect of simulated fire (heat) on seed germination in these native and introduced species was com
Hemicelluloses, which are abundant in nature and have potential use in a wide variety of applications, may make an important contribution in helping relieve society of its dependence on petrochemicals. However, cost-efficient methods for the isolation of hemicelluloses are required. This article presents an economic evaluation of a full-scale process to isolate hemicelluloses from process water fr
The main purpose of this paper is to describe and analyse how social worker on a specific Social Service Agency describe their experiences. My focus has been to concentrate on social worker, whose task is related to young people. The paper is presented from three different themes; work assignments, professional roles and projects in life. The central questions are; Which are the socialworker´s mai
