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Artificiell intelligens (AI) är inget nytt fenomen, men förkom redan på 1950 talet. Mer nyligen under 2014 redovisades ett nytt ramverk för generativ AI. Systemet kan generera realistiska bilder som simulerar både konstverk och människor. Fördelarna med AI går inte att förneka, såsom att förbättra våra liv. AI kan däremot leda till oönskade utvecklingar. Under 2023 upptäckte organisationer som arbArtificial intelligence (AI) is not a new phenomenon but has been in existence since the 1950s. More recently in 2014 a new framework for generative AI was developed. The system can generate realistic images that imitate both works of art and people. The benefits of AI are undeniable, and that AI has the capacity to greatly improve our lives. However, AI may also result in unwelcome developments.

Enligt Högsta förvaltningsdomstolens bedömning i HFD 2022 ref. 10 ska yrkanden om ersättning för rättegångskostnader i förvaltningsmål avvisas framöver. Samtidigt har såväl Högsta domstolen som Högsta förvaltnings-domstolen uttalat att det i vissa situationer kan stå i strid med rätten till en rättvis rättegång om en enskild inte ges en möjlighet till kostnadsersättning. Högsta förvaltningsdomstolAccording to the Swedish Supreme Administrative Court's judgement in the case HFD 2022 ref. 10, claims for reimbursement of legal costs in administrative cases should be rejected in future. At the same time, both the Swedish Supreme Court and the Swedish Supreme Administrative Court have stated that in certain situations it may be contrary to the right to a fair trial if an individual is not g

Popular Abstract in Swedish Under de senaste par decennierna har en specifik tolkning av döva och dövhet blivit alltmer etablerad på det ”officiella” dövområdet i Sverige, tillika anammat av såväl professionella som föräldrar till döva barn. Döva ska enligt detta synsätt hellre betraktas som tillhörande en kulturell och språklig minoritet än som handikappade. Medicinska strävanden att “laga defektIn the last couple of decades a particular interpretation of deaf and deafness has been established in ‘official’ arenas in Sweden. Deaf individuals, according to this view, should not be seen as disabled, but rather as belonging to a cultural and linguistic minority. Such views find expression in a locally established usage that may be termed a deaf culture discourse. Discourse can be seen as a

Popular Abstract in English Modern society is still largely based on fossil resources. However, there are growing concerns about the security and cost of these resources, as well as climate change resulting from the combustion of fossil fuels. Biofuels represent renewable fuels with the potential to mitigate the adverse effects of fossil fuels, providing a more sustainable alternative. The transpBioethanol from sugarcane is a sustainable alternative to fossil fuels, and the increasing demand for fuel ethanol has prompted studies on the use of the lignocellulosic residues of sugarcane, namely bagasse and leaves, as new feedstock. This thesis describes various process designs and the economic feasibility of producing second generation (2G) ethanol from bagasse and leaves via the enzymatic r

Popular Abstract in Swedish Föreliggande avhandling syftar till att närmare undersöka neuropsykologiska funktioner hos patienter med psykossjukdom och baseras på fyra studier avseende förstagångsinsjuknade patienter i psykos inom Fallskärmsprojektet. Projektet genomfördes vid 17 psykiatriska kliniker i Sverige och patienterna erbjöds en "behovsanpassad" psykiatrisk behandling, huvudsakligen i öppeThe present thesis is based on studies of neuropsychological functions in first episode psychosis patients (FEP) from the Swedish multicenter study, the Parachute Project. The thesis aims to clarify neuropsychological functions in psychotic illnesses. Patients from the project were examined neuropsychologically, using the WAIS-R NI test battery, in relation to measures of outcome in terms of clini

Mixed acid phospholipids are valuable compounds, which are used mainly in membrane- and lipoprotein research and in liposome technology. The chemical synthesis of these special lipids is rather difficult and involves both toxic chemicals and harsh reaction conditions, which makes the products less attractive for medical and biological applications. Enzymes in contrast catalyze chemical reactions u

Popular Abstract in Swedish Huvudsyftet med avhandlingen är att formulera en teoretiskt och empiriskt förankrad konsultationsmodell för psykologer i skolsammanhang. Idéer och handlingsstrategier tydliggörs så att de kan tillämpas, värderas och vidareutvecklas av andra yrkesutövare. De tänks även kunna utgöra en referensram för psykologers, specialpedagogers och andra specialisters teamarbete. VidaThe primary aim of this thesis is to formulate a theoretically and empirically based consultation model for psychologists in school contexts. Ideas and strategies are clarified so that they can be applied, evaluated, and further developed by other professionals. The model has been constructed with an interactional approach, with the stress on patterns of interaction between grown-ups and children

Abstract COPD is a major cause of chronic morbidity and mortality throughout the world. It is a preventable and treatable disease. Smoking is the most commonly encountered risk factor for COPD and the habit now unfortunately starts at earlier ages than before. There is a strong necessity to diagnose COPD in early stages before symptoms present themselves. MRI with hyperpolarized 3He using diffusio

Background: Unambiguous interpretation of ordered rating scale response categories requires distinct meanings of category labels. Also, summation of item responses into total scores assumes equal intervals between categories. While studies have identified problems with rating scale response category functioning there is a paucity of empirical studies regarding how respondents interpret response ca

Numerous products from the food industry contain fruit and/or berries, in the form of fillings or ingredients, e. g. in yoghurt, some bread products/cereal products, ice cream, etc. In order to produce these ingredients and improve their characteristics, many processing techniques are available. This thesis focuses on dehydration methods that take into account the fragile and complex cellular tiss

While once abstruse, 14-3-3 proteins are now well known as players in several cellular processes. These processes range from apoptosis and mitosis in mammals and yeast, to regulation of primary metabolism in plants. To date, 104 proteins have been shown to interact with 14-3-3s of which 85 are found in mammals and yeast, and 21 are found in plants. Their consensus action is to bind to phosphorylat

Sudden pipe bursts occur in high-pressure water transmission pipelines and water distribution networks. The consequences of these bursts can be very expensive due to the outage time while the burst pipe is repaired, the cost of repair, and damage to surrounding property and infrastructure. As a result, it is advantageous to minimise the detection and location time after the burst occurs. Currently

Popular Abstract in Swedish En av de stora vetenskapliga bedrifterna hittills under 2000-talet är onekligen att man efter många års arbete för första gången lyckades kartlägga (sekvensera) samtliga mänskliga gener. Det mänskliga DNA:t är lokaliserat till cellkärnan och i princip så kan man likna en cellkärna med ett kontrollrum fyllt av manualer (DNA) som talar om cellens sammansättning och hur deProteomics is expected to generate new insights into biological processes as well as identify novel biomarkers and therapeutic targets since most biological functions are transmitted through proteins. However, due to the complexity displayed by a proteome and inherent limitations associated with current methodologies, proteomic analyses often result in incomplete coverage and inconsistent measurem

BackgroundThe greatest potential to reduce the burden of stroke is by primary prevention of first-ever stroke, which constitutes three quarters of all stroke. In addition to population-wide prevention strategies (the mass' approach), the high risk' approach aims to identify individuals at risk of stroke and to modify their risk factors, and risk, accordingly. Current methods of assessing and modif

The Central Scandinavian Dolerite Group (CSDG) occurs in five separate complexes in central Sweden and SW Finland. U-Pb baddeleyite ages of dolerite dikes and sills fall into three age intervals: 1264-1271 (the Dalarna complex), 1256-1259 (the Vdsterbotten-Ulvo-Satakunta complexes) and similar to 1247 Ma (the Jamtland complex). Timing and spatial distribution of CSDG are unlike expressions of the

Popular Abstract in Swedish Användningen av informations och kommunikationsteknik (IKT eller IT) påverkar vårt sätt att kommunicera i arbetslivet. Det underlättar distansarbete och skapar möjligheter till s.k. virtuella möten - att samarbeta utan att träffas fysiskt. Detta kan i sin tur påverka behovet av pendlings- och tjänsteresor, genom att vi får tillgång information, en funktion eller en tjänInformation and Communication Technologies change the way we work and communicate, enabling us to telework and to have virtual meetings - collaborating without a physical meeting. This can influence the need for commuting and business travel by provision of access to an activity without mobility - virtual mobility. The large environmental impact of travel makes this potential travel reduction inte

Background and Purpose-Patients treated with oral anticoagulants (ACs) have an increased risk of intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH), which is more often fatal than spontaneous ICH. Options to reverse the AC effect include intravenous administration of vitamin K, plasma, and coagulation factor concentrate. However, the optimal management of AC-related ICH has not been determined in any randomized trial

Popular Abstract in Swedish Gastroesofageal refluxsjukdom innebär att maginnehåll backar (reflux) upp från magsäcken till matstrupen på ett onormalt sätt. Hos den friska individen finns flera mekanismer som skyddar matstrupen från reflux, vilket tydligt åskådliggörs av att man efter en måltid kan ställa sig upp och ner utan att föda backar upp i matstrupen. Vid refluxsjukdom föreligger defekter inEsophageal pH monitoring is important in the clinical management of patients with symptoms suggestive of gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD), and in research aiming to clarify the mechanisms involved in the development of GERD complications. Catheter-based techniques for pH recording are uncomfortable, not well tolerated by all patients and cannot reliably measure acid exposure in the most dist