Filtyp
This thesis consists of four studies that deal with how individual outcomes are shaped by social interactions. The scope of the thesis ranges from relationships between individuals in what is arguably the most fundamental building block in society today — the family — to more generalized relationships between different groups in society. The first study examines whether twins’ inferior health at
Context. The high quality of the Gaia mission data has allowed for studies of the internal kinematics of the Large Magellanic Cloud (LMC) to be undertaken in unprecedented detail, providing insights into the non-axisymmetric structure of its disc. Recent works by the Gaia Collaboration have already made use of the excellent proper motions of Gaia DR2 and Gaia EDR3 for a first analysis of this sort
Popular Abstract in Swedish De mest briljanta ljuskällor som finns idag är de så kallade synkrotronljuskällorna som kan generera ljus över ett mycket brett våglängdsspectrum, från synligt ljus ända till mycket korta våglängder - röntgenstrålar. Det existerar många sådana faciliteter runt om i världen och de används dagligen i olika experiment för att öka våra kunskaper om material på en mikrospopiThere is a strong desire for short wavelength (~1 Å), short pulsewidth (<100 fs), high-brightness, transverse and longitudinally coherent light pulses for use by the synchrotron radiation community. These requirements exceed the limits achievable by existing, so-called, "third-generation" light sources, such as the Advanced Photon Source (APS) at Argonne National Laboratory (ANL), USA, the Europea
Aim: Ultraviolet B (UVB) radiation can compromise the functionality of the skin barrier through various mechanisms. We hypothesize that UVB induce photochemical alterations in the components of the outermost layer of the skin, known as the stratum corneum (SC), and modulate its antioxidative defense mechanisms. Catalase is a well-known antioxidative enzyme found in the SC where it acts to scavenge
ABSTRACT Aims: To examine associations between leisure time physical activity before and during pregnancy and preterm delivery, birth weight, and pre-eclampsia and to describe levels of physical activity prior to and during pregnancy. Furthermore to elucidate women’s experiences and views of leisure time physical activity during pregnancy in a qualitative study. Methods: Data sources were: the Aar
The thesis covers different topics related to model predictive control (MPC) and particularly distributed model predictive control (DMPC). One topic of the thesis is gradient-based optimization algorithms for solving the optimization problem arising in DMPC in a distributed manner. The underlying idea is to solve the optimization problem in distributed fashion using dual decomposition, which is a
Popular Abstract in Swedish För att styra, övervaka och utvärdera processer inom processindustrin, samlas stora mängder data från mätgivare i olika delar av processen. Den tekniska utvecklingen inom mätteknik- och datorområdet har gjort det möjligt att mäta många olika storheter. Inom processindustrin kan antalet vara mycket stort; hundratals och ibland tusentals värden loggas kontinuerligt med inIn this work, various aspects of multivariate monitoring and control of wastewater treatment operation are discussed. A number of important difficulties face operators and process engineers when handling online measurements from wastewater treatment processes. These include, for instance, a high number of correlated measurement variables, non-stationarities, nonlinearities and multiscale process b
Popular Abstract in Swedish Omgivningens temperatur är kanske en av de faktorer som i allra störst utsträckning påverkar djur och deras livsmiljö. Detta bottnar givetvis till stor del i temperaturens effekt på naturen. Betänk till exempel årstidsväxlingarna; att vintern blir till vår, och att hösten (i samband med de första snöfallen) allt mer skrider mot ännu en kall och vit vinter bestäms och reTemperature is a property of profound matter in all aspects of animal life, affecting both individual energy budgets and the environments in which animals reside. Thus, a proper understanding of the effects of temperature variation is instrumental in understanding not only animal form and function, but also the structure and dynamics of wild populations. Accordingly, the aims of this thesis were t
Purpose -- The overall purpose of this study is to enhance the understanding of customer perceived service quality within grocery retailing in a North European context. We do this by comparing customer perceived service quality evaluations of the traditional supermarket store with evaluations of the discount store. Design/methodology/approach -- This study is based on empirical data from four stor
Popular Abstract in Swedish Denna studie visar betydelsen av ökad idrottsundervisning, fysisk aktivitet och extra motorisk träning i skolan. Undersökningen är en delstudie i Bunkefloprojektet - en hälsofrämjande livsstil. Interventionen består i att två årskullar elever har en obligatorisk rörelselektion varje skoldag. Motorikobservationer med MUGI observationsschema som underlag genomförs varje åThe aim of this thesis is to study effects of an extension of physical education/activity and motor training on motor skills, attention and cognition during a period of three years. Another aim is to develop a test, MUGI observationsschema, which could be useful in charting motor skills of school pupils. The study has two intervention groups (n=152) that have physical activity and motor training o
Popular Abstract in Swedish Syftet med den här avhandlingen har varit att förstå hur grupper av vi och dom skapas och består, framför allt inom utbildning och skola, och särskilt inom gymnasiala Komvux. I vardagligt tal menar människor oftast att dom är invandrare, medan vi är svenskar. Jag har visat att denna uppdelning, som sker nästan automatiskt, är alltför förenklad och svart-vit. Ett undersyThis thesis, set in an educational context (Swedish Komvux, high school adult education), deals with how groups of us and them are constructed, changed and reproduced. In order to understand the processes of us and them I have looked at the interconnections between gender, ethnicity and class utilising participant observations and semi-structured interviews. The main theoretical points of departu
Popular Abstract in Swedish Avhandlingen innehåller ett inledningskapitel följt av fyra separata studier. Studierna behandlar olika aspekter av humankapital, begåvning och immigration. I den första studien, Ability and Rates of Return to Schooling ? making use of the Swedish Enlistment Battery Test, används det svenska mönstringstestet för att skatta avkastningen på utbildningen för individer medThis thesis consists of an introductory chapter followed by four separate papers. The papers deal with various aspects of human capital, ability and migration. Using the Swedish Military Enlistment test, the first paper, Ability and Rates of Return to Schooling ? making use of the Swedish Enlistment Battery Test, estimates the return to schooling for individuals belonging to different parts of th
Popular Abstract in Swedish Gliom är en familj av hjärntumörer som är graderade beroende på hur snabbt och på vilket sätt de växer. Grad IV även kallad glioblastoma multiforme, är den mest elakartade av dessa. Patienter har en medelöverlevnadsprognos på ca 12 månader med behandling, såsom kirurgi, kemo- och strålningsterapi. Tumörerna är heterogena, vilket innebär att celler har flera typer av mutGliomas are neoplasms arising in the central nervous system (CNS), and constitute the most common primary brain tumor. They are classified depending on the grade and morphology, from grade I, pilocytic astrocytoma, to grade IV, glioblastoma multiforme (GBM). Glioblastomas constitute a great challenge in treatment due to their disseminating nature. Classical treatments such as surgery, radiation th
In the present work a detailed kinetic soot model is applied to study the formation and oxidation of soot particles in laminar premixed and turbulent non-premixed flames. The soot model used in this study is based on a detailed description of the chemical and physical processes involved in the formation of soot. In the first part of the study the soot model is extended to include the formation of
Popular Abstract in Swedish Avhandlingen diskuterar den sakramentala kyrkosynen hos den franske, romersk-katolske, teologen Henri de Lubac (1896-1991). Utgångpunkt är hans formulering (i ?Catholicisme? 1938): ?Om Kristus är Guds Sakrament, så är Kyrkan för oss Kristi sakrament. Hon (kyrkan) re-presenterar honom (Kristus), med detta ords hela urgamla kraft: hon gör honom i sanning närvarande.? ForThe thesis provides a discussion of the ecclesiology of the French Roman-Catholic theologian Henri de Lubac SJ (1896-1991) by showing how this is determined by his method of fundamental theology. I establish the term ?fundamental ecclesiology? for this inter-dependance of form and content, subject and object in theology; this is why his ecclesiology is sacramental in structure. I primarily use tex
interactIVe introduces safety systems that autonomously brake and steer. The driver is continuously supported by interactIVe assistance systems. They warn the driver in potentially dangerous situations. The systems do not only react to driving situations, but are also able to actively intervene in order to protect occupants and vulnerable road users. The objective of interactIVe is to develop new
Terrestrial ectotherms are challenged by variation in both mean and variance of temperature. Phenotypic plasticity (thermal acclimation) might mitigate adverse effects, however, we lack a fundamental understanding of the molecular mechanisms of thermal acclimation and how they are affected by fluctuating temperature. Here we investigated the effect of thermal acclimation in Drosophila melanogaster
Earlier studies show that different concrete aggregates have different thermal properties, and from this an idea to optimize thermal properties of concrete was developed. The purpose of this master thesis is to investigate thermal properties of concrete so additional costs and negative environmental impacts can be minimized. Measurements of thermal properties of different Swedish aggregates from e
Popular Abstract in Swedish Den kanske viktigaste anledningen till att söka en grundläggande förståelse av ekonomiskt beteende är att erhålla ett underlag för utformningen och genomförandet av ekonomisk politik. Utan en sådan förståelse minskas möjligheterna att uppnå målen för den ekonomiska politiken. Detta gäller i synnerhet den ekonomiska politik som bedrivs genom finanspolitik. En av finanspIn the first essay of this thesis, we examine whether the effects of fiscal expansions and contractions exert a symmetric influence on the relationship between fiscal policy and private consumption. Our results indicate a considerable asymmetry across fiscal expansions and contractions. More specifically, during fiscal contractions, transfers seem to influence private consumption in a neoclassical
In this thesis a simulation model is presented that enables a comparison of different hybrid topologies, with respect to fuel consumption, emissions and performance. The obtained results stress the properties of the different topologies and form a foundation for the choice of hybrid topology. The simulation models included in this thesis are the result of collaboration with Petter Strandh at the D
