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Popular Abstract in Swedish Benskörhet (osteoporos) är en sjukdom, som leder till att benstommen förlorar en del av sitt kalkinnehåll och sin styrka. Benbrott kan därigenom uppstå spontant eller vid lättare påfrestningar. Gastrektomi (kirurgiskt avlägsnade av magsäcken, GX) och ovariektomi (kirurgisk avlägsnade av äggstockarna, OVX) leder till benskörhet hos människa såväl som hos försöksdjur. MedBoth ovariectomy (OVX) and gastrectomy (GX) cause osteopenia in several animal species including humans. While the effect of OVX has been ascribed to estrogen deficiency, the underlying mechanism behind GX-induced osteopenia is poorly understood. Nutritional deficiencies, including lack of calcium and vitamin D, have been claimed to cause the osteopenia induced by GX. This thesis attempts to clari

Popular Abstract in Swedish Färsk morotsjuice har ett högre förädlingsvärde än råa morötter. Färsk morotsjuice har en kort hållbarhet på cirka tre dagar vilket försvårar centraliserad industriell storproduktion. Olika processteg vid tillverkningen av morotsjuice påverkar såväl hållbarhet som näringsinnehåll och utseende. Syftet med detta arbete var att undersöka och karakterisera effekter av olikaCarrots are a cold-weather crop well suited for cultivation in the south of Sweden. Carrots are generally rather inexpensive, with a market price below € 1 /kg (Sweden, 2003), whereas fresh carrot juice has a price of around € 5 /kg. The fresh carrot juice produced today has a short shelf-life of approximately three days, which makes centralised industrial production and distribution difficult, an

Popular Abstract in Swedish Hur påverkas djurplanktonsamhällen av klimatförändringar och vilken betydelse har vilostadier? Populärvetenskaplig sammanfattning av “Ecology of zooplankton communities: climate, dormancy and benthic-pelagic coupling”, doktorsavhandling i Limnologi vid Ekologiska institutionen, Lunds Universitet, 2003. Djurplankton är sjöars motsvarighet till betande kossor ochThis thesis describes how influences, such as top down and bottom up forces, shape zooplankton communities in shallow lakes. I have also extended the traditional food-web theory by investigating the effects of climate on total biomass, taxonomic composition, and temporal properties of zooplankton communities. A field experiment showed that the total biomass of both phytoplankton and zooplankton in

AIMS/HYPOTHESIS: Psychological stress has long been considered a possible trigger of type 1 diabetes, although prospective studies examining the link between psychological stress or life events during pregnancy and the child's type 1 diabetes risk are rare. The objective of this study was to examine the association between life events during pregnancy and first-appearing islet autoantibodies (IA)

Importance: Adjuvant imatinib is associated with improved recurrence-free survival (RFS) when administered after surgery to patients with operable gastrointestinal stromal tumor (GIST), but its influence on overall survival (OS) has remained uncertain. Objective: To evaluate the effect of adjuvant imatinib on OS of patients who have a high estimated risk for GIST recurrence after macroscopically c

The discovery of the CRISPR-Cas9 system has revolutionized several areas of biological research by making genome engineering easy, affordable, fast, accessible and scalable. One field that has not yet benefited from this technological advance is that of mitochondrial DNA research. Study I addresses the challenges associated with adapting CRISPR-Cas9 to the mitochondrial environment, and identifies

AbstractThe overall aims of this thesis were to use echocardiography to non-invasively, delineate early structural andfunctional changes following orthotopic heart transplantation (OHT), and to define reference values in the contextof gender and bridging with mechanical circulatory support.Several factors might affect myocardial function in OHT patients rendering the use of normal values fortranst

BACKGROUND: Incidental durotomy (ID) is one of the most common intraoperative complications seen in spine surgery. Conflicting evidence has been presented regarding whether or not outcomes are affected by the presence of an ID. PURPOSE: To evaluate whether outcomes following degenerative spine surgery are affected by ID and the incidence of ID with different diagnoses and different surgical proced

Patienters behandlingspreferenser har under de senaste tre decennierna uppmärksammats som en potentiell moderator för behandlingsresultat. En dubbelrandomiserad forskningsdesign, ”Doubly Randomised Controlled Preference Trial” (DRCPT), där patienter randomiseras antingen till ett val mellan behandlingar eller till slumpmässig fördelning till en av behandlingarna, anses vara en av de mest lämpliga Patient preferences have drawn considerable attention as a potential moderator of treatment outcome. The Doubly Randomised Controlled Preference Trial (DRCPT) in which patients are randomised to a choice between two or more treatments or random assignment to one of these same treatments is considered one of the most rigorous tests of the effects of patient preferences on outcomes. To date, there h

Solo exhibition at Propellor Gallery, Santa Monica, USWhen Copenhagen-based Hasager first visited Santa Monica for a six-month residency in 2018, she was drawn to 18th Street’s Culture Mapping 90404 project, a resident-led oral history archive and mapping platform for the 90404 zip code, as it complemented her artistic process of plumbing the depths of personal memories, oral histories, and hyperl

BACKGROUND: The OVHIPEC-1 trial previously showed that the addition of hyperthermic intraperitoneal chemotherapy (HIPEC) to interval cytoreductive surgery resulted in improved progression-free and overall survival compared with cytoreductive surgery alone at 4·7 years of follow-up in patients with stage III epithelial ovarian cancer who were ineligible for primary cytoreduction. We report the fina

Abstract: Birds have evolved morphological, physiological and behavioural adaptations, encoded in their migratory programs, to enable successful migration. Sometimes, even closely related species, such as the Eurasian reed warbler and the sedge warbler, may adopt different migration strategies to reach their wintering grounds in sub-Saharan Africa. To study them in detail, we aimed to compare the

Background: Although several cardiovascular, demographic, genetic and lifestyle factors have been associated with cognitive function, little is known about what type of cognitive impairment they are associated with. The aim was to examine the associations between different risk factors and future memory and attention/executive functions, and their interaction with APOE genotype. Methods: Participa

De senaste åren har problemen med barnäktenskap kommit att uppmärksammas allt mer i Sverige. Många människor från länder där barnäktenskap är lagligt har sökt sig hit, vilket ökat antalet barnäktenskap i landet. I den allmänna debatten har lagstiftningen på området kritiserats för att vara otillräcklig. Fram till år 2019 var utgångpunkten i svensk rätt att utländska barnäktenskap, där båda parter During recent years, child marriage has become an increasingly debated matter in Sweden. A large number of people from countries where child marriage is legal have immigrated to Sweden, thus increasing the amount of child marriages in the country. In the public debate, legislation has been criticized for being inadequate. Until 2019, the starting point in Swedish law was that foreign child marriag

In battery operated devices, such as mobile phones, power consumption is an important constraint, as it has a direct impact on the battery lifetime. Trying to extend the battery lifetime as much as possible has been one of the major targets in device development for the past years. Together with advances in the battery technology, several techniques, usually referred as low-power design techniques

Popular science summary Genetic colour polymorphisms (the occurrence of two or more heritable colour morphs in the same habitat, within a randomly mating population) are widespread in nature. Whether evolving through natural selection or sexual selection, or whether to aid in e.g. camouflage or mate-selection; genetic colour polymorphisms provide a fascinating study system from which to gain insi

Under de senaste åren har södra halvklotet och den vidsträckta Södra oceanen fått ökad upp-märksamhet och betydelse inom det vetenskapliga samfundet med avseende på globala klimatförändringar och den globala CO2-cykeln, särskilt vad gäller förhållandena under senaste istidsmaximum (Last Glacial Maximum, LGM) och holocen. Man menar att Västvindbältet på södra halvklotet (Southern Hemisphere WesterlIn recent years, the Southern Hemisphere (SH) and the vast Southern Ocean (SO) have gained awareness and importance within the scientific community in relation to global climate change and the global CO2 cycle, par-ticularly since the Last Glacial Maximum (LGM) and into the Holocene. It is believed that the Southern Hemi-sphere Westerlies (SHW) play a key role in regulating climate change in the m

Att beröva en annan människa livet är ett av de grymmaste och mest förödande brotten som en människa kan begå. Det berövar en människa den mest grundläggande mänskliga rättigheten – rätten till liv. Ett sådant brott ska bemötas med ett hårt straff. Denna uppsats syftar till att redogöra för hur livstidsstraffets tillämpning i Sverige har förändrats under de senaste åren pga. flera betydande ändrinDepriving another human life is one of the cruelest and most devastating crimes that a human being can commit. It denies a human being the most fundamental human right – the right to life. Such a crime must be dealt with a severe penalty. The purpose of this thesis is to describe how the application of the life sentence in Sweden has changed over the past years because of several significant amend

The Alingsås dry-cleaning facility is one of the heavily halogenated hydrocarbon contaminated sites in Sweden. The source of contamination dates back to the 1970s when a large scale tetrachloroethylene leakage outbroke inside the dry-cleaning building. After years of propagation and dissemination, the tetrachloroethylene together with its degradation products was widely found in soil and groundwat

Ett skatteavtals huvudobjektiv är att förhindra juridisk dubbelbeskattning för att främja den globala ekonomin. Detta har under en längre tid ansetts innebära stora möjligheter för skattesubjekt att minska, eller totalt undgå, skattebelastning. Sådana förfaranden medför skadliga effekter på den fiskala miljön och den globala ekonomin i stort. Den inneboende slitningen mellan å ena sida främjandet The main objective of a tax treaty is the avoidance of juridical double taxation in order to further the development of the global economy. Tax treaties has, however, for a long time been known to function as a vehicle for taxpayers to reduce or all together avoid taxation. Such arrangements or schemes cause adverse effects to the fiscal environment and the global economy at large. The inherent di