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Objectives: The objective was to investigate the prevalence of mothers who experienced pain during breastfeeding in the early postnatal period and to describe associated factors. Methods: Medical records of 987 mothers and their babies were scrutinized. Chi-square Test, McNemar's test, and relative risk with a 95% confidence interval were applied for analysis. Results: During the in-hospital postn
Migratory connectivity describes the degree of linkage between different parts of an animal’s migratory range due to the movement trajectories of individuals. High connectivity occurs when individuals from one particular part of the migratory range move almost exclusively to another localized part of the migratory range with little mixing with individuals from other regions. Conversely, low migrat
We study in a laboratory experiment whether humans prefer to depend on decisions of others (Human-Driven Uncertainty) or states generated by a computer (Computerized Uncertainty). The experimental design introduced in this paper is unique in that it introduces Human-Driven Uncertainty such that it does not derive from a strategic context. In our experiment, Human-Driven Uncertainty derives from de
The energy gap of correlated Hubbard clusters is well studied for one-dimensional systems using analytical methods and density-matrix-renormalization-group (DMRG) simulations. Beyond 1D, however, exact results are available only for small systems by quantum Monte Carlo. For this reason and, due to the problems of DMRG in simulating 2D and 3D systems, alternative methods such as Green functions com
Two experiments involving an international collaboration ofexperimenters sought to replicate and extend a previously publishedpsi experiment on precognition by Daryl Bem that has been the focusof extensive research. The experiment reverses the usual cause–e! ectsequence of a standard psychology experiment using priming and reactiontimes. The preregistered con" rmatory hypothesis is that response t
Time to blood culture positivity (TTP) is an indirect measure of bacterial concentration in blood. A short TTP has been linked to the presence of infective endocarditis (IE) and to poor prognosis in Staphylococcus aureus bacteremia. We analyze factors influencing TTP in bacteremia with Enterococcus faecalis. This retrospective observational study of medical records included adults diagnosed with m
The growing awareness of environmental issues can be linked to the demand for green transport innovations. Consumer behavior studies have pointed to the importance of consumer innovativeness (CI) and green perceptions in the adoption of green innovations. The purpose of this paper is to identify how users and nonusers of shared micromobility perceive the greenness of shared e-bikes and e-scooters
Some secreted cysteine protease inhibitors of the cystatin family appear to affect intracellular proteolysis and growth of human cells, as a result of internalization. Here, we studied the effects of external addition of the most abundant human cystatin, cystatin C, on viability and proliferation of cancer cells in culture. A dose-dependent decrease in viable cells was seen for A375 melanoma, MCF-
Background and aim: Having a family member with an alcohol use disorder (AUD) may negatively affect a person's health. Our aim was to study the long-term risk of coronary heart disease (CHD) in parents who have an offspring with AUD. Design: Cohort study with Cox regression models and co-sibling analyses. Setting: Sweden. Participants: From population registers, we selected all parent-offspring pa
Stem cell lines that faithfully maintain the regional identity and developmental potency of progenitors in the human brain would create new opportunities in developmental neurobiology and provide a resource for generating specialized human neurons. However, to date, neural progenitor cultures derived from the human brain have either been short-lived or exhibit restricted, predominantly glial, diff
Hematopoietic stem cell transplantation often involves the cryopreservation of stem cell products. Currently, the standard cryoprotective agent (CPA) is dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO), which is known to cause concentration-related toxicity and side effects when administered to patients. Based on promising in vitro data from our previous study using pentaisomaltose (a 1 kDa subfraction of Dextran 1) as
Detecting fires at an early stage is crucial for mitigating and extinguishing fires. The increased use of biofuels in Northern Europe has led to an increased number of fires in storage facilities. These fires are often caused by self-heating in the interior of the stored materials and slowly develop to smouldering fires. Consequently, these smouldering fires are usually detected several days or we
Maternally inherited selfish genetic elements are common in animals [1]. Whereas host genetics and ecology are recognized as factors that may limit the incidence of these parasites [2, 3], theory suggests one further factor-interference with other selfish elements-that could affect their prevalence [4, 5]. In this paper, we show that spatial heterogeneity in the occurrence of the male-killing Wolb
We have studied oligo(ethylene glycol) (OEG) thiol self-assembled monolayer (SAM) coated gold nanoparticles (AuOEG) and their interactions with proteins in solutions using electrophoretic and dynamic light scattering (ELS and DLS). The results are compared with poly(ethylene glycol) (PEG) thiol coated AuNPs (AuPEG). We show that both AuOEG and AuPEG particles carry a low net negative charge and ar
The binding between colipase and two triacylglycerol substrates, tributyrin and Intralipid, in the presence of bile salts have been determined quantitatively by a method based on equilibrium partition in an aqueous two-phase system. In the model proposed the triacylglycerol, in the form of spherical droplets covered with bile salt, is assumed to have a certain number of independent binding sites a
A challenge for the theorising of climate justice is that even when the agents whose actions are supposed to be regulated are cooperative and act in good faith, they may still disagree about how the burdens and benefits of dealing with climate change should be distributed. This article is a contribution to the formulation of a useful role for normative theorising in light of this bounded nature of
Background.Task-shifting mental health into general medical care requires more than brief provider training. Generalists need long-term support to master new skills and changes to work context are required to sustain change in the face of competing priorities. We examined program and context factors promoting sustainability of a mental health task-shifting training for hospital-based HIV providers
Research Highlights: When investigating the sorption of water on lignocellulosic materials, the sorption or mixing enthalpy is an interesting parameter that, together with the sorption isotherms commonly measured, can be used to characterize and understand the sorption process. We have compared different methods to assess these enthalpies. Additionally, we propose a sorption nomenclature. Backgrou
Process wastewater from separation and purification processes in the food and biotech industries as well as in biorefineries often contain components that can be recovered as valuable by-products in the context of closed-loop recycling with membrane processes. These effluents have a high proportion of organic components and are particularly complex, which is why they have a high fouling potential
Renal hyperparathyroidism (rHPT) is a complex and challenging disorder. It develops early in the course of renal failure and is associated with increased risks of fractures, cardiovascular disease and death. It is treated medically, but when medical therapy cannot control the hyperparathyroidism, surgical parathyroidectomy is an option. In this review, we summarize the pathophysiology, diagnosis,
