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Kriminalisering är en bland många olika former av social kontroll. När en gärningstyp kriminaliseras beläggs den med straff genom lagstiftning. En kriminalisering ska lämpligen användas som en sista utväg, ultima ratio, eftersom den innebär en inskränkning av individens valfrihet och efter en överträdelse individen kan drabbas av straff, som i sig oftast är menat och uppfattat som något ont. Ett aCriminalization is one among many forms of social control. When an act is criminalized, it is enforced with a penalty by law. Criminalization should be used as a last resort, ultima ratio, since it restricts the individual's choice and after a violation individuals may suffer retribution, which in itself is usually meant and understood as something evil. A too high rate in criminalization may

Fitch's paradox is problematic to any philosopher that claims the truth to be independent of us. Neil Tennant has proposed a solution to this paradox, which has been criticized in many ways. One is that the proposal is ad hoc. In this thesis I will examine two attempts to save the proposal from that criticism. First, Tennant himself has suggested that there is a general pattern for thesis rest

What do people think about privately financed culture? Are the opinions about it generally negative? With it’s background in the controversial exhibition Abstract Possible, the aim of this bachelors thesis is to investigate how people think private financing could affect culture, sorting out which arguments that are used in the debate and how people would prefer culture to be financed. My thesis i

The cross-border region of Øresund is one of the areas in Northern Europe where the largest concentration of highly educated people reside. Other authors argue that the integration process of the region has seemingly come to a halt due to a lack of interest from the inhabitants. This thesis argues that the young citizens of Øresund offers a shift in tendency towards the region and does so by takin

This thesis explores the gender earnings gaps in urban Ecuador during the period between 2003 and 2012. The difference between the female average earnings and the male average earnings increases from 7% in 2003 to 12% in 2012. Thus, exploring if this increase is a common pattern of the gender earnings gap across the distribution, the links between the gaps and occupational segregation, the differe

Digitaliseringen har ändrat samhället på många sätt. Idag delar människor med sig av all sorts information om sig själva och andra under nästan alla timmar på dygnet. Människor har anpassat sig till ett samhälle där de känner sig manade att hela tiden vara uppkopplade och representerade på internet. På senare tid har dock människor börjat inse att spridandet av information på internet kan ge oanadDigitalization has changed society in many ways. One of the results of the development of the online world is that people have formed the habit of sharing all sorts of information about themselves and others to everyone around them at all times. People have adapted to a society where they feel a compulsion to be repeatedly connected and represented on digital networks. However, individuals have st

This essay is a rational choice study sculptured after Allison, Zelikows famous study, Essence of decision. It debates the options Putin had when he annexed Ukraine’s, Crimean peninsula? We try to put ourselves into the shoes of Putin to see what he sees and to make an investigation. What else could he have done and for what reasons? There are four options debated, 1, to annex Crimea with illegal

Punktlighet och förseningar inom järnväg är något som står högt upp på agendan i dagens samhälle. Med en infrastruktur som är i ett stort behov av underhåll samtidigt som trycket på klimatsmarta transportlösningar bara ökar, blir punktligheten och framkomligheten inom järnvägen avgörande. Med en total punktlighet på ungefär 90% finns det mycket att göra. En av järnvägens infrastrukturproblem är spPunctuality and delays within the railway system are of utmost concern in today’s society. With an infrastructure in a dire need of maintenance and the increasing pressure for environmentally friendly transportation solutions, punctuality and accessibility within the railway system becomes crucial. With an overall punctuality rate of approximately 90%, there is much to be improved. One of the prob

Introduction: This project is about in vitro assays of metabolic stability and metabolite identification during early drug discovery. Background: Predicting metabolic stability is as essential part of drug discovery. Several in vitro systems exist including microsomes, S9 fractions and hepatocytes. Currently, hepatocytes are not used at the company, but there is demand from clients and projects.

Abstract Title: The Art of Shielding Luxury Brands: Defensive Strategies for Success Seminar date: 2023-06-01 Course: FEKH29, Degree Project Undergraduate level, Business Administration, Undergraduate level, 15 University Credits Points (UPC) Authors: Arvid Vesterberg, Oscar Frithiof and Stefan Karlsson Advisor: Jon Bertilsson Key words: Brand image, luxury brands, automotive industry, defensive,

It has been known for quite some time that urban breeding birds suffer reduced reproductive success compared to rural conspecifics. Various environmental variables linked to urbanisation are known to have an influence, such as vegetal cover and composition, artificial light at night as well as increased air pollution. Several of these factors have also been shown to elicit physiological responses:

Cultural memories are meaningful for the present and are often constructed in remembrance media that institutions produce and audiences engage with. While the remembrance media texts have been getting much attention, the perspective of media audiences is still underresearched. Processes of mediatization, digitalization, and the affective turn call for studies that approach social media audiences’

In Sweden, the number of private extracts from the criminal records registry has increased more than five times since 2003. This is largely due to employers’ request for applicants to submit their criminal record if they want to be considered for a job. This is a phenomenon that is intrusive in the applicants’ integrity and it has become a society level problem. The aim of this paper is to describ

In the European Union there are special schemes in Value Added Tax that Member States may adopt. Those rules are set out in the VAT Directive. Two of those special schemes are the special scheme for small enterprises and the common flat-rate scheme for farmers. Along to the provisions of the VAT Directive there is also some case law from the CJEU that clarifies the application of the schemes. Ger

Climate change is a long-term challenge that requires urgent actions. An increased amount of greenhouse gases in the atmosphere, causing changes in the climate system such as melting glaciers and extreme weather conditions, are correlated to economic growth. To mitigate climate change, there is a need to evolve efficient strategies to reduce greenhouse gas emissions from companies within all branc

The paper is about how society effects art when society goes through different social processes. The study is limited to the period referred to as the Vasa era and to paintings. What is meant with Vasa era is the 16th century. During that period, society goes through a social centralization in Europe and the question arises if this is, or becomes, noticeable in the art. This is another angle on so

Personal computers have gained a significant boost in computational power and digital storage space at a reduced cost in the last decade. In the search of increased programmer productivity and cross platform portability, language popularity has shifted from lower level languages such as C to higher level languages such as Java and C#. Many of today’s embedded systems are experiencing the same deve

With this qualitative case study I intended to explain the Muslim Brotherhood's electoral success in Egypt during the year of 2012. I aimed to do this by answering the question of "Why did the Muslim Brotherhood win the presidential election in Egypt in 2012?" In this study, I disclosed four different theories of voting behavior: ideological closeness, the relevance of the agenda

Patentet utgör en immateriell rättighet som innebär en ensamrätt för innehavaren att nyttja innovationen under en viss tidsperiod. Den som kränker denna ensamrätt gör sig skyldig till patentintrång. En stor del av patenträtten, och kanske det viktigaste ur patenthavarens perspektiv, är det skydd som patentet ställer upp för ensamrätten. Härtill hör patentlagens civil­ och straffrättsliga sanktionsA patent is an intellectual property conferring the owner a sole right to use the invention for a period of time, in which violation results in an infringement. A vital part of patent law, and perhaps the most important one from the perspective of the patentee, is the protection of the sole right. This includes the civil and penal infringement sanctions. In order for a protection to work efficient

Self-levelling flooring compounds (SLCs) are mainly used on concrete floors. Their purpose is to smooth the floors and make them horizontal. The fact that they are self-levelling means that they spread out like water over the floor before hardening to a horizontal layer. Some of them are also advertised as being self-desiccating. A quote from a big manufacturer on the Swedish market regarding thei