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Glucose levels 2 h after an oral glucose challenge are a clinical measure of glucose tolerance used in the diagnosis of type 2 diabetes. We report a meta-analysis of nine genome-wide association studies (n = 15,234 nondiabetic individuals) and a follow-up of 29 independent loci (n = 6,958-30,620). We identify variants at the GIPR locus associated with 2- h glucose level (rs10423928, beta (s.e.m.)
After realising vibrato is such an essential resource in strings and it can affect the quality of sound, I decided to reflect on it. The thesis is divided into two source parts, Vibrato subdivided in definition, terminology, evolution and the four main types and Dvořák subdivided in a brief composer's biography, the evolution in his aesthetics, and the context of composition of the concerto, o
Following the adoption of the "double carbon" policy in China, the concept of Environmental, Social, and Governance (ESG) has gained considerable attention within the Chinese market, significantly impacting investor decision-making. This thesis examines the impacts of ESG principles on the overall financial performance of investment portfolios. Through the classification of Chinese A-lis
University spinoffs play a significant role in transferring knowledge to society. This research explores and evaluates the creation of a university spinoff within Lund University setting by applying Bhave’s new venture creation process with an aim of revealing aspects that lead to spinoff creation that can be related to this specific model. The study reveals that the evolution of university based
Obesity levels in developing countries are increasing at an alarming rate, while “old” problems such as hunger and undernutrition still persist, creating a paradoxical situation of a double burden of malnutrition. Intertwined with new sustainability challenges such as climate change and land degradation, food, health and sustainability are interconnected in a complex web of relationships, spanning
In 1994, acrylamide (AA) was classified as a probable human carcinogen by the International Agency for Research on Cancer. In 2002, AA was discovered at relatively high concentrations in some starchy, plant-based foods cooked at high temperatures. A prospective analysis was conducted to evaluate the association between the dietary intake of AA and ductal adenocarcinoma of the exocrine pancreatic c
OBJECTIVE The long-term association between dietary protein and type 2 diabetes incidence is uncertain. We aimed to investigate the association between total, animal, and plant protein intake and the incidence of type 2 diabetes. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS The prospective European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition (EPIC)-InterAct case-cohort study consists of 12,403 incident typ
We tested how dispersal capacity, host plant specificity and reproductive rate influenced the effects of farming system and landscape composition on butterfly species richness and abundance. In no case did variation in these traits explain species responses to organic farming, indicating that all species benefit equally. In contrast, butterflies with high mobility and reproductive rate were dispro
By combining a large-scale experimental assessment on timing of insect emergence with long-term monitoring of waterfowl hatching date, we here show that insect emergence is mainly driven by temperature, whereas there is only a weak effect of increasing spring temperatures on inter-annual variability in observations of waterfowl chicks. Hence, a change in timing of the mass-emergence of insects fro
Aim: To investigate the associations between major foods and dietary fibre with subtypes of stroke in a large prospective cohort. Methods and results: We analysed data on 418 329 men and women from nine European countries, with an average of 12.7 years of follow-up. Diet was assessed using validated country-specific questionnaires which asked about habitual intake over the past year, calibrated us
Migration and mobility is an increasingly important topic within the European Neighbourhood Policy (ENP). The very first ENP Strategy Papers already acknowledged that perspectives for lawful migration and common efforts to combat illegal migration, as well as the establishment of efficient mechanisms for return, are crucial determinants for successful cooperation with neighbouring countries. With
Aims: Ingrowth bags are widely used to estimate mycorrhizal growth and dynamics. However, it remains unclear to what extent they reflect the surrounding soil, and how this varies with environmental conditions. Methods: We used a fertilization experiment to investigate if carbon-free mesh bags were representative of their surrounding soil. We determined AMF hyphal length density (HLD), phospholipid
The Common Agricultural Policy (CAP) is the guiding policy for agriculture and the largest single budget item in the European Union (EU). Agriculture is essential to meet the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs), but the CAP's contribution to do so is uncertain. We analyzed the distribution of €59.4 billion of 2015 CAP payments and show that current CAP spending exacerbates income inequality withi
Dietary carbohydrates have long been expected to be associated with risk of type 2 diabetes; however, the associations for many carbohydrates and carbohydrate-rich foods remain inconclusive. This study analysed associations between intakes of six types of carbohydrates and thirteen carbohydrate-rich foods with incident type 2 diabetes in 26 622 participants (61% women) in the Malmö Diet and Cancer
Context: The role of glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) in type 2 diabetes (T2D) and obesity is not fully understood. Objective: We investigate the association of cardiometabolic, diet, and lifestyle parameters on fasting and postprandial GLP-1 in people at risk of, or living with, T2D. Methods: We analyzed cross-sectional data from the two Innovative Medicines Initiative (IMI) Diabetes Research on P
BACKGROUND: An unhealthy diet is a major contributor to several noncommunicable diseases, including cardiovascular diseases (CVD), the leading cause of death worldwide. Additionally, our food system has significant impacts on the environment. The EAT-Lancet Commission has recommended a healthy diet that preserves global environmental resources.OBJECTIVE: This prospective study evaluated the associ
AIMS, PATIENTS & METHODS: Dietary factors may regulate the epigenome. We aimed to explore whether a diet intervention, including excess sugar, affects the methylome in human sperm, and to describe the sperm methylome. We used Whole Genome Bisulfite Sequencing (WGBS) to analyze DNA methylation in sperm taken at three time points from 15 males during a diet intervention; i) at baseline, ii) afte
Human land use threatens global biodiversity and compromises multiple ecosystem functions critical to food production. Whether crop yield-related ecosystem services can be maintained by a few dominant species or rely on high richness remains unclear. Using a global database from 89 studies (with 1475 locations), we partition the relative importance of species richness, abundance, and dominance for
