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Optimising reactions in artificial photosynthesis research requires screening of many reaction and operation parameters, which is often resource-intense and time-consuming. In this paper, we demonstrate the use of a rotational Raman-based spectrometer for non-invasive quantification of several gases (H2, O2, N2, CO, CO2) with short analysis times (15 s), enabling high throughput screening. Further

Individuals with a family history of colorectal cancer (CRC) are at a high risk of developing CRC. Preclinical and population-based evidence suggests that selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs) might play a role in preventing CRC. We performed a nationwide cohort study to explore whether the use of SSRIs could reduce CRC risk among individuals with family history. We identified individual

A hot-carrier solar cell aims to generate power from energetic, photoexcited, charge carriers, so called hot carriers, in order to reach higher conversion efficiencies than current solar cell technology.Creating a hot-carrier solar cell has proven challenging for two main reasons: hot carriers lose their energy very quickly, and they need to be extracted over distances of a few hundrednanometers v

Generally, droplet velocity in liquid-liquid two-phase flow in microchannel is obtained via droplet displacement and time interval precise determination in sequential photos/videos. The precision is tightly related to shutter speed of the camera. In this paper, a novel method called direct image method is proposed to predict the droplet velocity. The droplet velocity can be easily obtained in one

Purpose of ReviewBreathlessness is a common, distressing, and limiting symptom that many people avoid by reducing their activity. This review discusses exertional tests that can be used for uncovering and assessing breathlessness depending on the person's severity of illness, function, the setting, and aim of the assessment.Recent FindingsStandardized exertional tests are useful to uncover 'hidden

We measure the rates and coupling coefficients for local Andreev, nonlocal Andreev, and elastic cotunneling processes. The nonlocal Andreev process, giving rise to Cooper pair splitting, exhibits the same coupling coefficient as the elastic cotunneling whereas the local Andreev process is more than 2 orders of magnitude stronger than the corresponding nonlocal one. Theory estimates describe the fi

Objective Lupus nephritis (LN) is a common and severe manifestation of SLE. The genetic risk for nephritis and progression to end-stage renal disease (ESRD) in patients with LN remains unclear. Herein, we aimed to identify novel genetic associations with LN, focusing on subphenotypes and ESRD. Methods We analysed genomic data on 958 patients with SLE (discovery cohort: LN=338) with targeted sequen

Background: The treatments for trochanteric fractures try to regain early mobility and limit morbidity and risk of reoperations. The most currently used dynamic hip screw (DHS) and the proximal femoral nail (PFN) are both with pros and cons. We aimed to assess the comparative effectiveness of these interventions for trochanteric fractures by evaluating the surgical performance and postoperative ou

There is growing evidence that the hydrodynamic gradient expansion is factorially divergent. We advocate for using Dingle's singulants as a way to gain analytic control over its large-order behavior for nonlinear flows. Within our approach, singulants can be viewed as new emergent degrees of freedom which reorganize the large-order gradient expansion. We work out the physics of singulants for long

In small systems with large fluctuations, the classical description of thermodynamics is no longer sufficient which has led to the development of stochastic thermodynamics. One important result from stochastic thermodynamics is that with measurement and feedback it is possible to use those fluctuations to extract work from a single heat bath coupled to the system. This is thanks to the connection

The test used for early detection and monitoring of prostate cancer—prostate-specific antigen (PSA)—is one of the most accurate and frequently used tumor markers in medicine today. No tumor marker has had such a critical impact on early detection through stage-migration, and monitoring after treatment for prostate cancer as the blood test PSA. This chapter provides an overview of the PSA test and

Thick GaN layers with a low concentration of defects are the key to enable next-generation vertical power electronic devices. Here, we explore hot-wall metalorganic chemical vapor deposition (MOCVD) for the development of GaN homoepitaxy. We propose a new approach to grow high-quality homoepitaxial GaN in N2-rich carrier gas and at a higher supersaturation as compared to heteroepitaxy. We develop

AlxGa1−xN ternary alloys are emerging ultrawide band gap semiconductor materials for high-power electronics applications. The heat dissipation, which mainly depends on the thermal conductivity of the constituent material in the device structures, is the key for device performance and reliability. However, the reports on the thermal conductivity of AlxGa1−xN alloys are very limited. Here, we pr

Structural defects in Mg-doped GaN were analyzed using high-resolution scanning transmission electron microscopy combined with electron energy loss spectroscopy. The defects, in the shape of inverted pyramids, appear at high concentrations of incorporated Mg, which also lead to a reduction in free-hole concentration in Mg doped GaN. Detailed analysis pinpoints the arrangement of atoms in and aroun

Nanostructures of conventional metals offer manipulation of light at the nanoscale but are largely limited to static behavior due to fixed material properties. To develop the next frontier of dynamic nano-optics and metasurfaces, this study utilizes the redox-tunable optical properties of conducting polymers, as recently shown to be capable of sustaining plasmons in their most conducting oxidized

BACKGROUND: The risk of death from prostate cancer (PC) depends on age, but the age at which to start prostate-specific antigen (PSA) screening remains uncertain.OBJECTIVE: To study the relationship between risk reduction for PC mortality and age at first PSA screening.DESIGN, SETTING, AND PARTICIPANTS: The randomized Göteborg-1 trial invited men for biennial PSA screening between the ages of 50 a

Background: The diagnosis of paediatric cancer is a crisis for the parents who are the primary caregivers of the affected child. A comprehensive assessment of the longitudinal impact of childhood cancer on parental mental health and the potential sex differences between the parents is lacking. Thus, we aimed to explore the subsequent short- and long-term mental health outcomes among the parents of

Background: Individuals with a family history of colorectal cancer (CRC) are at a high risk of developing CRC. Preclinical studies suggest that the anti-malaria drug proguanil and atovaquone might play a role in preventing CRC, but population-based evidence is still lacking. Methods: By accessing a couple of nationwide Swedish registers, we performed a cohort study to explore whether using proguan

Background: Aggregation of lung cancer (LCa) in family members is well-documented. However, little is known on the familial risk of LCa when first-degree relatives (FDRs, parents or siblings) are diagnosed with LCa as a second primary malignancy (LCa-2). We aimed to investigate whether and to what extent a family history of LCa-2 was associated with an increased LCa risk. Methods: In this Swedish

Network-based biocomputation (NBC) is an alternative, parallel computation approach that can potentially solve technologically important, combinatorial problems with much lower energy consumption than electronic processors. In NBC, a combinatorial problem is encoded into a physical, nanofabricated network. The problem is solved by biological agents (such as cytoskeletal filaments driven by molecul