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Diabetes mellitus is a disease characterized by increased blood glucose levels. For overt type 2 diabetes to develop, both insulin action and insulin secretion must be perturbed. In the work presented in this thesis, two models were analyzed: hormone-sensitive lipase (HSL) null mice and a pancreatic clonal β-cell line to study the mechanisms underlying insulin resistance and insulin secretion pert
Today, there are increased expectations that welfare employees should conduct service innovative improvements that enable more effective ways to meet the needs of children.In this study we use the definition of ‘service innovation’ as a way to change the value-adding process of the user so that it becomes better for the end-user than it was before, such as easier to handle things or situations. In
Denna avhandling behandlar en mängd mikrostrukturella och molekylära lämningar som påträffats i ett antal fossil. Resultaten presenteras i sex vetenskapliga artiklar med det gemensamma syftet att grundligt studera dessa lämningar med hjälp av såväl nya som vedertagna analysmetoder. Avhandlingens huvudsakliga frågeställningar är dels vad denna typ av fossila spår kan säga om de studerade djurens biThis thesis comprises investigations of microstructures and molecular remains, preserved in a variety of fossil specimens. The results are presented in six papers, collectively aiming to thoroughly examine fossil traces of such remains by employing a combination of both established and relatively new analytical methods. The main questions asked are: What can we learn about the biology, ecology and
Executive functions (EF) denote the host of top-down mental processes that mediate self-regulation to achieve a goal. Among other things, EF support cognitive flexibility by allowing inhibition of automatic responses in favour of obtaining future goals. Corvids, the bird group that is comprised of ravens, crows and jays, are distinguished by their cognitive flexibility. This thesis investigates tw
I denna rapport redovisas populationstrender för 228 svenska fågelarter för olika långa tidsperioder. Vi visar också korttidstrender för 12 arter av större däggdjur. Fåglarna har räknats höst, vinter, vår och sommar enligt strikt standardiserade metoder. Sommar- respektive vinterpunktrutter har räknats sedan 1975, i huvudsak i södra Sverige. Standardrutterna räknas också på sommaren (sedan1996) meWe present the results of the Swedish Bird Survey, run by the Department of Biology, Lund University, as a part of the National Monitoring Programme of the Swedish Environmental Protection Agency. The results for 2020 include data from: 564 winter point counts in 2019/2020 (45th winter), of which 274 were carried out during the Christmas/New Year count, 210 summer point count routes (46th year) an
Objective: To explore whether magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) features suggestive of knee osteoarthritis (OA) are associated with presence of knee pain in possible early-stage OA development. Methods: We included 294 participants from the Osteoarthritis Initiative (mean ± SD age 50 ± 3 years; 50% women) with baseline Kellgren/Lawrence grade of 0 in both knees, all of whom had received knee MRIs a
IMPORTANCE Treatment trials require sound knowledge on the natural course of disease. OBJECTIVE To assess clinical features, genetic findings, and genotype-phenotype correlations in patients with retinitis pigmentosa (RP) associated with biallelic sequence variations in the PDE6A gene in preparation for a gene supplementation trial. DESIGN, SETTING, AND PARTICIPANTS This prospective, longitudinal,
OBJECTIVE: To compare consultations carried out via video with those performed in person for patients with painful, hard-to-heal ulcers, with a focus on ulcer pain and pain treatment. A further aim was to investigate predictors for pain and pain treatment.METHOD: This was a register-based, quasi-experimental study based on data from the Swedish Registry of Ulcer Treatment (RUT). A total of 100 pat
Objective: To report methodology and first-year results of a new educational project called Televascular Games,” which took place during coronavirus disease 2019 pandemic. Methods: Complex aneurysmal aortic disease was discussed during a 2-hour competition webinar, according to three modalities. (1) Planning case competition (PCC): Two to four preoperative computed tomography angiography (CTA) sca
År 2011 infördes entreprenörskap i den svenska skolans läroplaner. På 1980-talet ansågs dock utbildningsorganisationen Ung Företagsamhet (UF), som fokuserar på entreprenörskapsutbildning för ungdomar, vara ideologiskt kontroversiell. Under loppet av 30 år har synen på entreprenörskap och UF:s status förändrats i grunden. Denna avhandling undersöker hur och varför entreprenörskap blev ett kunskapsoIn 2011, entrepreneurship was added to the curricula of Swedish schools at all levels. In the 1980s, however, the educational organization Junior Achievement (JA), that focuses on entrepreneurship education for young people, was considered ideologically controversial. Over the course of 30 years, the view of entrepreneurship and the status of JA has changed fundamentally. This thesis investigates
A new encapsulation strategy for probiotics is highly needed to tackle the challenge of significant viability loss of bacteria during storage and passage through the gastrointestinal system. A new controlled delivery system for probiotics based on EC oleogels is proposed in this thesis. A relatively non-complicated in vitro lipolysis model was established to evaluate the relative conversion from t
The success of social movements is highly dependent on their sustainability, as in their efforts to produce meaningful change, they inevitably encounter oppressive dominant forces. With the advent of the social media era, scholarly research on collective action has acquired an additional dimension, bringing the role of their communicative constitution to the forefront of discussions. However, a de
Monoclinic β-Ga2O3 films grown on c-plane sapphire have been shown to exhibit six (2¯01)-oriented domains, which are equally spaced by rotation around the surface normal and equally sized by volume that render the film optical response effectively uniaxial. We derive and discuss an optical model suitable for ellipsometry data analysis of such films. We model mid- and far-infrared ellipsometry data
BACKGROUND: Sustained intrauterine hypoxia causes some four million perinatal deaths annually worldwide. The condition is predicated by neonatal acidemia, as determined by pH in umbilical cord blood at birth. We aimed to evaluate the association between umbilical cord arterial pH and long-term outcomes up to 20 years of follow-up.STUDY DESIGN: Using a retrospective cohort design, umbilical cord ar
This thesis has its focus on the interaction between competition law and the public procurement regime. Since the two systems have the same objective of the creation of an internal market it is vital that the two systems reach coherence. Despite this there is now express provision on the importance to fight anti competitive behaviour in the Public Sector Directive 2004/18/EC. On March 28th 2014 th
Background Supply chains in low margin, high innovation speed industries with strong customers generate a highly competitive environment. The conditions for such environment are continuously changing and put high demands on its actors. FlatFrog is a case company, which was founded in 2007 and develops a unique touch technology targeting a wide range of screens sizes and applications. External capi
Breast cancer is the most common type of cancer worldwide with an estimate of 2.3 million new cases in 2020, and the number one cause of cancer-related deaths in women. While survival rates are high in many high-income countries, with a five year relative survival rate of 85% and more, the respective survival rates are poor in many middle- and low-income countries, with rates as low as 12% in Kyad
Three-dimensional (3D) models are widely used within the geosciences to provide scientists with conceptual and quantitative models of the earth’s subsurface. As a result, 3D geologic modelling is a growing field, such that scientific research often cannot keep up with technical advancements. Literature often shows conflicting results with respect to which interpolation algorithms produce the best
Genom freden i Roskilde 1658 kunde Sverige tillskansa sig det tidigare danska Skåne. Fredsavtalet garanterade skåningarna rätten till, bland annat, dansk lag och tidigare danska privilegier. Statens arbete mot uniformitet i provinsen, genom att försvenska området, tog dock sakta men säkert vid, och 1683 var arbetet utfört och uniformiteten införd. Huvudsyftet med uppsatsen har varit att klargöra vIn 1658, the former Danish region of Scania was ceded to Sweden due to the Treaty of Roskilde. The treaty also guaranteed the Scanian population its right to maintain their Danish law and retain their former Danish privileges. Despite this, the state soon started to work towards uniformity between Scania and Sweden by a process known as Swedification, a process which was completed in 1683. The mai
Titel: Validering av en handledsburen aktivitetsmätare och en självskattningskala för beräkning av VO2max. Bakgrund: Fysisk aktivitet och god aerob kapacitet är kopplat till god hälsa och lägre risk för livsstilsrelaterade sjukdomar. I dagsläget anses maximalt arbetsprov med ergospirometri och gasanalys för bestämning av VO2max (VO2max-test) vara det mest exakta sättet att mäta aerob kapacitet. Su
