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Many of the coastal areas in Vietnam have elevations below one meter making them vulnerable to salt water intrusion, flooding, and erosion. The Red River Delta (RRD) located in northern Vietnam has suffered severe erosion along certain stretches of coastline during at least the last hundred years. At Hai Hau Beach in the RRD, a land area of 16 km in length and 2.5 km in width has been lost during
The exhaustion doctrine (also known in some jurisdictions as the ''first sale doctrine See U.S. Copyright Code Section 109(a)'') is one of the basic rules of intellectual property (IP) system, and is applied to many IP rights, from copyright to trademark. The term ''exhaustion'' or ''first sale'' describes the concept of this rule, where, after the &
The issue of possession of the air has been debated over literally thousands of years. The Romans debated the ownership of the air above their cornfields. When man finally could construct aircraft, in this case a balloon, heavier-than-air in the 1780's it did not take long before the first regulation came into force. The issue of state sovereignty had been discussed since the national states s
Background: Repolarization prolongation can be the earliest electrophysiological change in ischemia, but its role in arrhythmogenesis is unclear. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the early ischemic action potential duration (APD) prolongation concerning its causes, expression in ECG and association with early ischemic ventricular fibrillation (phase 1A VF). Methods: Coronary occlusion
The Abraham Accords’ implications for peace in the Middle EastThe Abraham Accords, signed by Israel and four Arab states in 2020, were one of President Donald Trump’s most renowned foreign policy successes. They were also one of few of his administration’s policies that enjoyed bipartisan support in the US. But what type of peace has emerged following the Abraham Accords? In what ways do the Abrah
Little is known about the aetiology of thymoma. This study aims to identify medical risk factors for thymoma as a systematic approach to new hypotheses on the aetiology of this disease. A European multi-centre case–control study was conducted from 1995 to 1997, including incident cases aged 35–69 years with thymoma. Altogether, we accepted 85 cases and 3350 controls, of which we interviewed 77 cas
Solar cells based on silicon are successfully harvesting solar energy in established and increasingly widespread solar panels. However, their efficiency is limited by the Shockley–Queisser limit. For certain applications where high efficiency is the key figure of merit, the use of multi-junction solar cells is desirable.III–V multi-junction solar cells exhibit the highest efficiencies achieved to
The use of pesticides and the lack of resources caused by the simplification of landscapes are often cited as the main drivers of the loss of wild bees. Landscape complexity has been shown to interact with local pesticide use in studies of the effect of these factors on the abundance and diversity of insects. But, to date, few studies have simultaneously investigated local and landscape effects on
This paper discusses the existence and scope of the morality exception from patentability, in Article 53 (a) of the European Patent Convention. The analysis will look into the history of the provision, debate its rational and interpretation by reference to three examples of technology areas: stem cell research; gene editing and AI/big data analytics.Bioscience innovation has always generated heate
BACKGROUND: The escalating global epidemic of obesity is of worldwide concern because of its association with several chronic diseases and premature mortality. Some subgroups seem to be more affected than others. The aim of this study was to examine whether the mean BMI (adjusted for age) and the prevalence of obesity (adjusted for all the explanatory variables) changed between 2000/01 and 2004/05
Solar energy is a renewable energy source which in the long term is important to develop because the usage does not effect the environment in a negative way. Increased energy exchange and cheaper production costs for solar collectors and solar cells are main factors in making the solar energy commercially successful in the future. Small scale solar collector systems are most common today because t
We calculate the phase property of the reflection coefficient in two-terminal structures using a lattice tight-binding model. It is seen that, provided that there exist two coherent reflection paths, the reflection probability can be zero for certain electron energies. At these energies, the phase of the reflection coefficient shift abruptly by $pi$. Next, we study the reflection and transmissio
Kan civila som blivit måltavla för krigshandlingar försonas med sina före detta fiender? Denna studie analyserar muntligt gestaltade erfarenheter hos före detta lägerfångar som frihetsberövades i början av kriget i Bosnien-Hercegovina under 1990-talet och placerades i koncentrationslägerna Omarska, Keraterm och Manjaca. Efter kriget har fångarna tagit sin tillflykt till de nordiska länderna. StuIs it possible for civilians, who have been targets of war action, to reconcile with their former enemies? In this study I am analyzing the stories told by former camp-prisoners who were imprisoned at the beginning of the Bosnia-Herzegovina war in the early 1990’s. These prisoners were detained in the concentration-camps of Omarska, Keraterm and Manjača. The former prisoners took refuge in the Nor
I Sverige råder idag förbud mot anonyma vittnen men ämnet har diskuterats i omgångar sedan år 1990 i Sverige. De senaste åren har gängkriminaliteten ökat vilket har blåst liv i debatten igen. Politiker anser att ett införande av anonyma vittnen kan få fler personer att vittna i rättegångar rörande organiserad brottslighet. Så sent som den tredje april år 2019 beslutade riksdagen att tillsätta en uThe use of anonymous witnesses is today prohibited in Sweden but the subject has been fiercely debated since 1990. In the past recent years organized crime has increased which has reignited the debate once again. By passing a law that allows for anonymous witnesses, politicians believe more people will be willing to testify in criminal cases featuring organized crime. The Swedish parliament decide
Staten har ett behov av att kunna inkräva obetalda skatteskulder från juridiska personer. Lösningen på detta har varit det så kallade företrädaransvaret. Detta ansvar ger staten möjlighet att utkräva ansvar från bolaget solidariskt med dess företrädare. Verkställande direktörer, styrelseledamöter och andra med ett bestämmande inflytande över bolaget måste uppfylla vissa skyldigheter, annars riskerThe state has a need of being able to collect unpaid tax debts from juridical persons. The solution to this has been the so called personal liability. This gives the state the possibility of demanding accountability from the company alongside it’s representatives. Chief executives, board members and others with determinant influence have to meet certain responsibilities, If not they risk having to
Prostate cancer is one of the most common types of cancer for men, making proper diagnostic essential. Using machine learning as a tool to help in digital pathology has become increasingly popular and helps to limit the high intra observer variability between pathologists. Due to the many cases of prostate cancer and the large differences between tumours, treatments have to be individualized for e
Obegränsad skattskyldighet, vilket innebär att en person är skattskyldig för alla inkomster både från Sverige och utlandet, kan för en fysisk person föreligga enligt tre alternativa grunder. En av dessa grunder är väsentlig anknytning, som innebär att en från Sverige utflyttad person med vissa så kallade anknytningspunkter kan anses ha väsentlig anknytning och därmed bli obegränsat skattskyldig. Unlimited tax liability, i.e. when a person’s Swedish and foreign income is taxable, can exist for a natural person on three grounds. One of these grounds is substantial affiliation, meaning that a person who has emigrated from Sweden with certain so-called affiliation grounds can be considered to have substantial affiliation and thus be the subject of unlimited tax liability. The regulation has,
Perovskite research has quickly gone from non-existent to one of the biggest reseach areas in Photo- voltaics. There are still many questions to be solved regarding the stability, environmental impact, reproducible large area devices, efficiency and module fabrication cost of Perovskite Solar Cells, PSCs, before commercial up-scaling. Scientists all over the world are working towards solutions and
