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OBJECTIVE. To identify markers for late fetal death, a multicenter study was performed, based on routinely obtained data from maternal health care units. MATERIAL AND METHODS. Prospectively recorded data were obtained from maternal health care units belonging to five delivery units. In all, 233 consecutive cases of singleton pregnancy involving late fetal death (> or = 28 weeks) were identified be
Nutrient uptake by forest trees is dependent on ectomycorrhizal (EM) mycelia that grow out into the soil from the mycorrhizal root tips. We estimated the production of EM mycelia in root free samples of pure spruce and mixed spruce-oak stands in southern Sweden as mycelia grown into sand-filled mesh bags placed at three different soil depths (0-10, 10-20 and 20-30 cm). The mesh bags were collected
This thesis focuses on the provision and management of water supply and sanitation in housing areas in the City of Dar es Salaam. The main objective of the study is to contribute to knowledge and understanding of provision and management of urban water supply and sanitation in Tanzania in the context of sustainable urbanisation. A sectoral and single problem issue study approach was avoided and in
Popular Abstract in Swedish Denna studie undersöker hur talparagrafen (le paragraphe oral), såsom den definierats av Morel och Danon-Boileau 1998, struktureras och används i L1 franska, i L1 svenska och i L2 franska hos två svenska avancerade inlärare. Den undersökta korpusen består av sju informella och spontana endolingvala och exolingvala samtal. Studien är både kontrastiv och longitudinell i dThis study examines the structure and the use of the speech paragraph (le paragraphe oral), as defined by Morel and Danon-Boileau 1998, in L1 French, in L1 Swedish and in the L2 French production of two advanced Swedish learners. The corpus examined consists of seven informal spontaneous endolingual and exolingual conversations. The study is not only contrastive, but also longitudinal, in the sens
Popular Abstract in Swedish Gränsöverskridande luftföroreningar ger upphov till såväl allvarliga miljöproblem ( t ex försurning, övergödning och skogskador) såsom hot mot hälsan. Denna bok analyserar den roll vetenskapliga experter spelar i de pågående internationella förhandlingarna som syftar till att reducera luftföroreningsproblemen i Europa. Samspelet mellan forskare och beslutsfattare har inLong-range transboundary air pollution generates pressing environmental problems such as the acidification of lakes and soils, forest decline and loss of biodiversity as well as threats to human health across Europe. The overall aim of this study is to explore the role of scientific expertise in environmental diplomacy by analyzing recent international agreements in the transboundary air pollution
Popular Abstract in Swedish Kliniska och experimentella studier har visat att proteaser och deras inhibitorer deltar i mycket hög grad i luftvägarnas fysiologi och sjukdomsutveckling. Inflammatoriska celler, såsom neutrofiler, monocyter/makrofager, epitel- och mastceller, friger olika proteaser. Det är allmänt känt att ökad produktion eller aktivitet av proteaser eller inaktivering och minskad proProteases and their inhibitors are implicated in the physiology and pathology of the airways. Protease inhibitors include those produced locally, such as secretory leukocyte protease inhibitor (SLPI), and those produced mainly by the liver that can reach the airways via passive diffusion, such as alpha1-antitrypsin (AAT). SLPI is a significant component of the anti-neutrophil elastase shield in th
This thesis analyses educational investments and labour market attachment for refugee immigrants who received a permanent visa to Sweden during 1987-1991. It consists of five self-contained chapters. Chapter 2 presents a brief overview of the historical process behind immigration to Sweden from the post-war period until today, give an orientation on the development of Swedish immigration policy du
Most available methods for synthetic unit hydrograph (SUH) derivation involve manual, subjective fitting of a hydrograph through a few data points. Because of this tedious procedure, the generated unit hydrograph is often left unadjusted for unit runoff volume. During recent decades, use of probability distribution functions (pdfs) in developing SUH has received much attention because of its simil
The aim of this study is to extend the traffic safety assessment concept to also include normal road user behaviour, thus not only exceptional behaviours such as accidents and serious conflicts. The goal is to provide a framework for a more thorough description and analysis of safety related road user behaviour in order to better understand the traffic safety processes. The traffic safety process
This doctoral dissertation concerns two-dimensional frequency estimation for modal analysis of single-input multiple-output impact responses from circularly cylindrical objects. The application is within detection of internal defects in trunks of spruce. The material consists of impact responses from 94 trees, with 66 sound and 28 in various stages of decay. Paper I proposes that modal analysis o
Popular Abstract in Swedish Autoimmun diabetes karakteriseras av cell medierad autoimmunitet mot insulinproducerande beta celler i Langerhanska öar. Typ 1 diabetes är den största typen av diabetes i barn och ungdomar och antas vara orsakad av Th1-cell drivet angrepp av beta celler. Den betydligt vanligare typ 2 diabetes antas inte vara en autoimmun sjukdom men diabetes specifika autoantikroppar (IAutoimmune diabetes is characterized by cell mediated autoimmunity against insulin producing beta cells in pancreatic islets. Type 1 diabetes is the major cause of diabetes in children and adolescents and is believed to be mediated by a Thl driven destruction of beta cells. The much more prevalent type 2 diabetes is not considered as an autoimmune disease but diabetes specific autoantibodies (ICA
Popular Abstract in Swedish Vid blodbrist till en del av hjärtmuskeln, t.ex. vid ett stopp i ett av hjärtats kranskärl, kommer delar av hjärtmuskeln att vara utsatt för risk att drabbas av infarkt. Hjärtinfarkt definieras som döda hjärtmuskelceller. Det är av stor vikt för en patient med kranskärlssjukdom att man kan skilja de delar av hjärtmuskeln som drabbats av infarkt ifrån de delar som inte dBoth presence and extent of myocardial infarction are important prognostic factors for mortality and quality of life in patients with ischemic heart disease. Thus, it is of great clinical importance to be able to diagnose and characterize myocardial infarction. One way to diagnose myocardial infarction is by using the 12-lead electrocardiogram(ECG). For estimation of infarct size and location from
Purpose: In one form of human autosomal recessive retinitis pigmentosa and in retinal degeneration (rd1) mouse, mutation occurs in the genes encoding ß subunit of rod photoreceptor cGMP phosphodiesterase. Therefore, rd1 mutant mouse is an appropriate model for human inherited retinal degeneration studies. Retinal explants are successfully cultured in serum free chemically defined R16 medium to eva
Reconstructions of palaeomagnetic secular variation (PSV) in sediment cores can be compared to well-dated regional PSV master curves to infer deposition age. The existing PSV master curve for Fennoscandia, "Fennostack" (Snowball et al., 2007), is limited to the past 10 ka. In this study, we construct a deglacial (for the interval 14-11 ka) PSV master curve for Fennoscandia by including data from a
H2SO4 vapor is important for the nucleation of atmospheric aerosols and the growth of ultrafine particles to cloud condensation nuclei (CCN) sizes with important roles in the global aerosol budget and hence planetary radiative forcing. Recent studies have found that reactions of stabilized Criegee intermediates (CIs, formed from the ozonolysis of alkenes) with SO2 may be an important source of H2S
Elevated prediagnostic testosterone and insulin-like growth factor I (IGF-I) concentrations have been proposed to increase risk of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). However, the metabolism of these hormones is altered as a consequence of liver damage and they may have clinical utility as HCC risk markers. A case-control study was nested within the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and N
