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Constrained by national tests and the mathematics curriculum, teachers have problems finding time for exploratory and hands-on mathematical activities, especially so in classes with a reduced pace of progression, for example because of a large proportion of second-language learners. Could the leisure-time center, where time is not earmarked, provide such opportunities? The conclusion of this thesi
AbstractBackground Mitral regurgitation (MR) has many etiologies; the most common is degenerative disease. If not corrected, severe MR may cause left and right ventricular heart failure. Mitral valve (MV) repair is the gold standard for treatment of MR. All repair techniques include MV annuloplasty, but various techniques are employed to repair the valvular apparatus. The classical technique of le
Sudden pipe bursts occur in high-pressure water transmission pipelines and water distribution networks. The consequences of these bursts can be very expensive due to the outage time while the burst pipe is repaired, the cost of repair, and damage to surrounding property and infrastructure. As a result, it is advantageous to minimise the detection and location time after the burst occurs. Currently
Popular Abstract in Swedish Malaria är en allvarlig febersjukdom som varje år drabbar nästan 250 miljoner människor. Sjukdomen är mycket utbredd inom tropiska och subtropiska delar av världen och världshälsoorganisationen (WHO) har beräknat att strax under en miljon människor, majoriteten av dem barn, dör av malaria varje år. Malaria har följt människan under mycket lång tid och var länge vanlig iMalaria is a serious disease that causes around 800 000 deaths per year. Current malaria control efforts are hampered by the widespread resistance to common antimalarial drugs, such as the 4-aminoquinoline derivative called chloroquine. Previous research has shown that specific modifications of chloroquine, including inclusion of organometallic fragments into the organic framework, can result in c
Popular Abstract in Swedish I Sverige och Norden har elproduktion traditionellt skett med huvudsakligen vattenkraft och kärnkraft. Detta håller dock på att förändras i takt med en allt större vindkraftsutbyggnad. Vindkraften skiljer sig i vissa avseenden från de traditionella produktionsslagen, ett av dessa är hur anslutningen till elnätet är utformad. Detta innebär att vindkraften, sedd från näte
Packaging serves a lot of purposes, and would be hard to do without. Packaging protects the goods during transport, saves costs, informs about the product, and extends its durability. A transport package is required to be strong and lightweight in order to be cost effective. Furthermore, it should be recycled because of environmental and economical concerns. Corrugated board has all of these featu
It is of great interest and importance how different amino acid residues contribute to and affect the properties of a protein surface, Partitioning in aqueous two-phase systems has the potential to be used as a rapid and simple method for studying the surface properties of proteins. The influence on partitioning of the surface exposed amino acid residues of eight structurally determined monomeric
1. The survey has mainly concentrated on the following items: the false alarm problem, the problem of the fire not being detected due to the fact that pre-fire heating and ventilation dominate flow inside the compartment, a description of detector sensitivity to fire signatures. engineering design methods for the siting of detectors. 2. The statistical as well as practical experience suggests that
Popular Abstract in Swedish Talarålder är en viktig paralingvistisk egenskap i tal, som bör beaktas vid studiet av fonetisk variation. Kunskap om talarålder kan användas för att förbättra talteknologiska tillämpningar såsom automatisk taligenkänning och talsyntes. Föreliggande doktorsavhandling beskriver sex studier som undersökt ett flertal aspekter av den åldersrelaterade variationen i tal. NärSpeaker age is an important paralinguistic feature in speech which has to be considered in the study of phonetic variation. Knowledge about this feature may be used to improve speech technology applications, e.g. automatic speech recognition and speech synthesis. The present thesis describes six studies of several phonetic aspects of age-related variation in speech. As the speech production mecha
Popular AbstractI början på 1990-talet drabbades Sverige av en mycket djup ekonomisk kris. Den svenska nittiotalskrisen uppfattades inte som en tillfällig konjunkturnedgång utan som symptom på grundläggande systemfel i Sveriges ekonomi. Många bedömare menade att den s.k. svenska modellen med stor välfärdsstat och höga skatter hade försämrat marknadsekonomins effektivitet och gjort att Sverige undeIn the early 1990s, Sweden was hit by a profound economic crisis. The Swedish crisis of the nineties was not perceived as a temporary recession, but rather as a fundamental and systemic fault in Swedish economy. Many commentators held that the Swedish model with a large welfare state and high taxes had impaired Sweden's economic performance. The aim of this thesis is to empirically assess the hypo
Popular Abstract in English Vernacular (local) architecture is in danger and about to disappear in several parts of the world. What we call native, traditional and handmade will disappear gradually and then the true meaning of vernacular vanishes. The present thesis shows that the disappearance of vernacular traditional skills creates an increasing threat to the existence of desert vernacular arch
Agricultural policies have always had a tendency to be controversial. In many cases they generate major transfers of welfare between different groups of people, and hence are favoured by some and criticised by others. They also frequently cause trouble at the international level as domestic programmes interfere with trade flows and affect the wellbeing of people in other parts of the world. In add
Popular Abstract in Swedish Nästan alla träd i våra skogar lever i samspel (symbios) med svampar. Många av dessa är ”vanliga” svampar, sådana som vi är vana vid att se och plocka i naturen, (exempelvis soppar, kremlor, riskor, flugsvampar och kantareller) men det finns också de som inte bildar fruktkroppar, eller har fruktkroppar som vi inte ser. Fruktkropparna, de som kan hamna i svampkorgen, är Elevated nitrogen (N) deposition is an environmental problem that can affect plants and microorganisms, which are vital for the terrestrial N and carbon (C) cycles. This thesis has investigated the response of ectomycorrhizal fungi (EMF) to increased N deposition. Ectomycorrhizal fungi form mutualistic interactions with the roots of woody plants, including almost all boreal and temperate forests
Proteins constitute a major component of living cells and are essential to their function. Sometimes proteins misfold or aggregate in abnormal ways, which can give rise to diseases. Amyloids are a special type of highly ordered protein aggregates made of long intermolecular beta-sheets stacked into fibrils. Formation of amyloids is associated with many diseases, especially diseases related to neur
In October 2017, the EU Commission announced a consultation on supplementary protection certificates (SPCs) and research exemptions, including Bolar-type provisions. The consultation will provide valuable input for the Commission when preparing an evaluation of the current EU legislation, and any future policy proposals on SPCs and patent exemptions, including the assessment of the impact of diffe
Preeclampsia (PE), is a pregnancy related condition afflicting 3-8% of all pregnancies and a main cause of maternal and infant morbidity and mortality. It is thought to originate from a malfunctioning placental that eventually leads to damage to the maternal endothelium, which in turn gives rise to hypertension and organ dysfunction. Oxidative stress holds a central role in the development, progre
The deep sea is the largest habitat on earth. Its three great faunal environments - the twilight mesopelagic zone, the dark bathypelagic zone and the vast flat expanses of the benthic habitat- are home to a rich fauna of vertebrates and invertebrates. In the mesopelagic zone (150-1000 in), the down-welling daylight creates an extended scene that becomes increasingly dimmer and bluer with depth. Th
