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Background: The Swedish Program for health surveillance of preschool children includes screening of language and communication abilities. One important language screening is carried out at age 4 years as part of a general screening conducted by health nurses at child health centres. The instruments presently in use for this screening mainly focus on expressive phonology. This may result in both ov

Paenibacillus larvae, causative agent of American Foulbrood (AFB), is the primary bacterial pathogen affecting honeybees and beekeeping. The main methods for controlling AFB are incineration of diseased colonies or prophylactic antibiotic treatment (e.g. tylosin), neither of which is fully satisfactory. The search for superior means for controlling AFB has led to an increased interest in the natur

Accurate determination of the genetic diversity present in the HIV quasispecies is critical for the development of a preventative vaccine: in particular, little is known about viral genetic diversity for the second type of HIV, HIV-2. A better understanding of HIV-2 biology is relevant to the HIV vaccine field because a substantial proportion of infected people experience long-term viral control,

Background: Long-distance migration has evolved multiple times in different animal taxa. For insect migrants, the complete annual migration cycle covering several thousand kilometres, may be performed by several generations, each migrating part of the distance and reproducing. Different life-cycle stages and preferred orientation may thus, be found along the migration route. For migrating red admi

The emulsion stabilization functionality of surfactants and biopolymers can be replaced by solid particles adsorbed at the interface, where they create a category of emulsions known as Pickering emulsions. Recently, health and environmental concerns have led to new market demand for natural, biodegradable and renewable sources of ingredients. Starch granules meet these ingredient requirements and

The PI3K/mTOR pathway is the second most frequently deregulated pathway in a majority of cancers such as breast cancer, lung cancer, and melanomas as well as leukemia. Mutations in the genes coding for receptor tyrosine kinases (RTKs) and G-protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs) are quite common in all forms of acute leukemia. This can be a major cause of deregulation of the PI3K-mTOR pathway. To under

Droplet microfluidics has emerged as a promising platform for miniaturisation of biological assays on-chip. In droplet microfluidics small water droplets (nL-pL) surrounded by an immiscible carrier oil are generated at high throughput. In these droplets particles such as cells or microbeads can be encapsulated, and the idea is that each of these droplets can be used as small reaction chambers for

Metallurgical debris is by far the most informative source material for studying the metal craftsmanship ofthe past. In comparison to the finished objects, which has attracted far more attention in archaeologicalresearch, debris material are more or less confined to the original workshop sites and hence provide directevidence as to production volume and quality, site organization, artisanal skill

AbstractBackground Mitral regurgitation (MR) has many etiologies; the most common is degenerative disease. If not corrected, severe MR may cause left and right ventricular heart failure. Mitral valve (MV) repair is the gold standard for treatment of MR. All repair techniques include MV annuloplasty, but various techniques are employed to repair the valvular apparatus. The classical technique of le

The enormous production and consumption of fossil-based plastics has caused severe environmental challenges such as pollution of the ocean, increased CO2-emissions, and various health problems. Many ofthese concerns are intimately connected to the use of fossil fuels in the production of polymers. For this reason, there is a considerable interest to develop bio-based monomers to mitigate some of t

Ces dernières années en Ouganda, les écologistes ont fait l'objet de répressions partout dans le pays. Pour sauvegarder la nature, des journalistes, des étudiants, ainsi que des agriculteurs et des habitants de zones rurales, protestent et se mobilisent contre les injustices et les déplacements forcés causés aussi bien par les infrastructures utilisant des énergies fossiles que par l’agro-industri

Since the beginning of African decolonisation in the mid-twentieth century, many newly independent countries struggled to embark upon a path of sustained economic growth to raise their populations out of poverty. One of these countries is Tanzania. Surrounded by the Great Lakes on the west and bordering the Indian Ocean to the east, Tanzania is the fifth-most populous country in Africa. It is also

Plastics are widely used in our daily lives and industry. Unfortunaltely, most plastics are produced from non-renewable fossil resources. The transition toward sustainable resources such as various biomass is critically important for the future of plastic industry and the whole society. Polyesters consitute a major class of plastics, which are widely used in textiles, packaging and other applicati