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Importance: Comprehensive and timely monitoring of disease burden in all age groups, including children and adolescents, is essential for improving population health.Objective: To quantify and describe levels and trends of mortality and nonfatal health outcomes among children and adolescents from 1990 to 2015 to provide a framework for policy discussion.Evidence Review: Cause-specific mortality an

Popular Abstract in Swedish Under större delen av den moderna psykiatrins historia innebar vården av psykisk sjukdom en förvisning av individer till stora slutna anstalter. Idag har dessa inspärrningsmiljöer reformerats så att vården istället organiseras samhällsbaserat utifrån ledorden: delaktighet, integrering och normalisering. Den övergripande frågan som ställs i denna avhandling är hur psykiThe modern era of psychiatry is predominantly a history of confinement. Individuals suffering from mental disorders were banished to asylums and mental hospitals. During the late twentieth century, however, the Swedish psychiatry was a recurring topic for political debate and the target for numerous reforms. At present it is reorganized around three fundamental principles: participation, normaliza

he North Taymyr ice-marginal zone (NTZ) is a complex of glacial, glaciofluvial and glaciolacustrine deposits, laid down on the northwestern Taymyr Peninsula in northernmost Siberia, along the front of ice sheets primarily originating on the Kara Sea shelf. It was originally recognised from satellite radar images by Russian scientists; however, before the present study, it had not been investigated

Concerns about the environmental effects of the ‘throwaway society’ are increasingly influencing policy-making and regulatory action in the EU. The Seventh Environment Action Programme, which aims to guide European environmental policy, sets out a long-term vision for the EU that requires a major shift in the way economic activities are conducted: In 2050, we live well, within the planet’s ecologi

On 25 March 2015, the Enlarged Board of Appeal of the European Patent Office (EBA) finally delivered its’ much awaited decisions on the consolidated referrals G2/12 (“Tomato II”) and G2/13 (“Broccoli II”). The EBA affirmed that products, namely plants or parts thereof, obtained by essentially biological processes are – unlike individual plant varieties – principally patentable under the European P

Structured laser illumination planar imaging (SLIPI) is a technique capable of suppressing multiple light scattering effects in optically dense sprays, resulting in spray images without blurs and with enhanced contrast. The novelty of the work presented in this thesis concerns the applications of a variety of SLIPI-based techniques for the measurement of droplet size, droplet concentration, and li

Diabetes is a group of metabolic diseases characterized by hyperglycemia resulting from defects in insulin secretion, insulin action, or both. The chronic hyperglycemia of diabetes is associated with long-term damage, dysfunction, and failure of different organs, especially the eyes, kidneys, nerves, heart, and blood vessels. Several pathogenic processes are involved in the development of diabetes

Monitoring constitutes a cornerstone, both for efficient control of optimized industrial processes and for obtaining knowledge about non-controlled, natural phenomena. This thesis is all about monitoring, or measurements. In this case the primary information is gathered with light, and in a non-intrusive, and usually a stand-off or remote way. The applications of optical monitoring in this work

Today aromatic ring flipping has become a classic example to highlight the highly dynamic character of proteins. These dynamics occur when the aromatic side chains in phenylalanine and tyrosine turn 180o around its Cβ–Cγ axis, also known as its χ2 dihedral. Discovered in the 1970s’ these ring flippings are a common internal probe used in NMR spectroscopy to understand the protein interior dynamics

Ett icke-lagstadgat undantag från upphovsrätten är det s.k. parodiundantaget som kommit att utläsas ur förarbeten till URL och svensk rättspraxis. Parodier har kommit att betraktas som nya och självständiga verk i svensk rätt och har därför sammankopplats med 4 § andra stycket URL. Pastischer har inte uttryckligen nämnts i äldre svenska förarbeten eller svensk rättspraxis, men har antagits inkludeA non-statutory exception to copyright is the so-called parody exception, which have been inferred from legislative history of the Swedish Act on Copyright in Literary and Artistic Works and Swedish case-law. Parodies have come to be regarded as new and independent works in Swedish law and have therefore been linked to Section 4(2) of the Swedish Act on Copyright in Literary and Artistic Works. It

Governments around the world have begun to adopt measures in support of electric vehicles. The supply push policies have been traditionally studied leaving the demand side innovation policy without much investigation. Therefore, policy makers lack institutional knowledge and policy experience. The demand side innovation policies have always been part of the public policy decisions but not part of

Sweden is heading towards an energy system with less nuclear power and more intermittent energy sources. Together with the coming electrification of the transport and industry sector, this challenges the future stability of the Swedish power system. However, a part of the solution could be that consumption of electricity temporarily is adjusted to facilitate the operation of the power system, reco

Examensarbetet inleddes den 15:e januari 2013 på Tetra Pak packaging solutions AB i Lund. Mjölk är en produkt, som är särskilt ljuskänslig. För att skydda mjölk från ljus, kan dess förpackning innehålla aluminiumfolie. Det laminerade aluminiumfoliet ger en utmärkt ljusbarriär, men är dyrt och är inte ett förnybart material. För att kunna ta bort eller ersätta aluminiumfoliet och samtidigt inte förThe thesis started 15th January in 2013 at Tetra Pak Packaging Solutions AB in Lund. Milk is a product that is particularly sensitive to light. In order to protect milk from light, its package can have aluminium foil. The laminated aluminium foil provides an excellent light barrier but is expensive and not a renewable material. To be able to remove the aluminium foil and not lose too much of the p

Samhall har utfört sitt kärnuppdrag, att utveckla och rehabilitera personer med funktionshinder, sedan innan Sverige gick med i EU, och det är inte förvånade att det finns frågetecken kring hur den merkostnadsersättning företaget erhåller förhåller sig till EU:s statsstödsregler. De EU-rättsliga kraven på stöd som medlemsstaterna utger har vidare utvecklats och preciserats under de senaste åren, s

The Swedish Knee Arthroplasty Register (SKAR) was initiated in 1975 to prospectively follow patients operated on with knee arthroplasty. With revisions utilized as the end-point in survival analyses, it is of importance that all revisions of included patients are reported. To validate if revision status was correctly recorded, a postal survey was made among all living patients, registered as opera

Popular Abstract in Swedish Värk i leder och muskler tillhör de vanligaste orsakerna till långtidssjukskrivningar och förtidspensioneringar. En betydande del av dessa tillstånd är orsakade av belastningsergonomiska faktorer i arbetslivet, och kan således förebyggas. Arbetsrelaterade besvär i nacke, axlar och armar är betydligt vanligare bland kvinnor än bland män. Orsakerna till detta är ofullstänWork-related musculoskeletal disorders are widespread, and are, for unclear reasons, more common among females than in males. Several risk factors have been described; constrained and awkward postures, repetitive and/or force demanding motions, and lack of recovery. The exposure to such risk factors was systematically assessed in 116 male and 206 female fish-processing industry workers. Large diff

The overall aim of this work was to increase our knowledge of newborn infants and their mothers, gain a better understanding of attachment and the infants' development and identify infants at risk for poorer emotional, social and cognitive development. An interdisciplinary approach was used. Six studies are included in the thesis. Non-nutritive sucking (NNS) and its relation to neurobehavioural st