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Sequential Monte Carlo (SMC) methods have demonstrated a strong potential for inference on the state variables in Bayesian dynamic models. In this context, it is also often needed to calibrate model parameters. To do so, we consider block maximum likelihood estimation based either on EM (Expectation-Maximization) or gradient methods. In this approach, the key ingredient is the computation of smoot
BACKGROUND: Vascular endothelial dysfunction, accelerated thickening of arterial intima, and changes in ventricular repolarization contribute to increased cardiovascular morbidity in type 1 diabetes (T1D). Although vitamin C has important antioxidant functions and increased oxidative stress is a central mechanism of cardiovascular dysfunction in T1D, the relation between vitamin C and the cardiova
BACKGROUND: Retinoic acid (RA) and fibroblast growth factor 4 (FGF4) signaling control endoderm patterning and pancreas induction/expansion. Based on these findings, RA and FGFs, excluding FGF4, have frequently been used in differentiation protocols to direct differentiation of hESCs into endodermal and pancreatic cell types. In vivo, these signaling pathways act in a temporal and concentration-de
This thesis concerns a sociological analysis on the role of generations in the processes of the construction of national identities, and long-distance nationalism in diasporic settings. The empirical case taken is a political generation of Kurds from Turkey who once arrived in Sweden as political refugees. The primary aim of the thesis is to study how national identities are constructed and maint
Methods currently used for inventory control in industry are with few exceptions developed more than forty years ago. This is for instance the case with methods like reorder point sys-tems, cover-time planning and material requirements planning (MRP). Lead times at that time were typically several weeks and months and order quantities covered typically de-mand over several months. Since then both
As counter intuitive as it might sound, autocracy without elections is a rare combination today. Elections do not constitute democracy, but they can promote democratization. This dissertation studies the process of democratization through elections, focusing on the effect of opposition coordination. Several authors have stressed the importance of opposition coordination as an explanation for democ
Thrombotic microangiopathy is the pathological lesion found in hemolytic uremic syndrome (HUS), thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura (TTP) as well as other conditions. It manifests as damaged endothelial cells in small vessels with deposits of platelet plugs, occlusion of vessels, decreased blood flow and secondary organ insufficiency. HUS is characterized by microangiopathic hemolytic anemia, thro
A method for calculating energy levels and wavefunctions of bound states associated with deep impurity centres in semiconductors is presented. The impurity system is replaced by a crystal, whose unit cell consists of the impurity surrounded by a large number of host crystal atoms. The impurity bands for this crystal, represented by a real potential, are calculated by expanding in orthogonalised Bl
Historically, lethal exsanguinations and severe infections have been two major causes of maternal death. Gene mutations that lower the risk of profuse hemorrhage or severe infections would give a survival advantage. A single mutation of coagulation factor V, known as FV Leiden (FVL), can be such a beneficial mutation. FVL is common among Caucasians and today confers an increased risk of thromboemb
