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Syftet är att studera och analysera processer vars mål är att förändra vardagen för två marginaliserade grupper, så att de i större utsträckning blir delaktiga i samhället. De två undersökta grupperna är manliga unga narkomaner och äldre utvecklingsstörda. Avhandlingen består av tre geografiska perspektiv: 1) det tidsgeografiska synsättet, 2) känslan för platsen och 3) socialgeografiska teorier omThe aim is to study and analyse processes intended to change the daily lives of two marginalised groups and enable them to participate to a greater extent in the community. The two marginalised groups are young male drug addicts and older intellectually disabled. The thesis is permeated by three geographic perspectives: 1) the time-geographic approach, 2) sense of place and 3) social-geographic th

This thesis encompasses an introductory part and five papers related to developing techniques and phantoms required for the further growth of photoacoustic imaging (PAI). In PAI, images are created by detecting acoustic waves followed by the absorption of laser light, enabling high spatial resolution while maintaining high optical contrast. Due to the distinct absorption patterns of various chromo

BACKGROUND: Alzheimer's disease is characterized by an abnormal increase of phosphorylated tau (pTau) species in the CSF. It has been suggested that emergence of different pTau forms may parallel disease progression. Therefore, targeting multiple specific pTau forms may allow for a deeper understanding of disease evolution and underlying pathophysiology. Current immunoassays measure pTau epitopes

On February 23, 2022, The EU Commission published its Proposal for a Directive of the European Parliament and of the Council on Corporate Sustainability Due Diligence and amending Directive (EU) 2019/1937 (“CSDDD” or “the Proposal”). The purpose of the Proposal, to further the “Union’s transition to a climate-neutral and green economy in line with the European Green Deal and in delivering on the U

Importance: Novel plasma biomarkers, especially phosphorylated tau (p-tau), can detect brain tau aggregates in Alzheimer disease. Objective: To determine which plasma biomarker combinations can accurately detect tau pathological brain changes in Down syndrome (DS). Design, Setting, and Participants: The cross-sectional, multicenter Alzheimer's Biomarker Consortium-Down Syndrome study included adul

Objectives To examine whether multimorbidity aggregates in families in Sweden.Design National explorative family study.Setting Swedish Multigeneration Register linked to the National Patient Register, 1997-2015. Multimorbidity was assessed with a modified counting method of 45 chronic non-communicable diseases according to ICD-10 (international classification of diseases, 10th revision) diagnoses.

Background: Various factors modulate circulating testosterone in men, affecting interpretation of testosterone measurements. Purpose: To clarify factors associated with variations in sex hormone concentrations. Data Sources: Systematic literature searches (to July 2019). Study Selection: Prospective cohort studies of community-dwelling men with total testosterone measured using mass spectrometry.

Ambient fine particulate matter PM2.5 (particles with a diameter smaller than 2.5 μm) has been associated with cardiovascular and respiratory morbidity and mortality. It has been shown that biomass burning for heat production purposes can generate large amounts of fine particles. Thus characteristics of particle emissions from biofuel combustion may be important in the assessment of health effects

Popular Abstract in Swedish I denna avhandling studeras ledningsförmågan hos nanometer-stora kvantprickar tillverkade i halvledarmaterial. Halvledare är material vars ledningsförmåga ligger någonstans mellan ledare (metaller) och isolatorer. I halvledare kan ledningsförmågan ändras med elektriska fält, vilket har möjliggjort utvecklandet av halvledartransistorn. Utvecklandet av halvledartransistorThis thesis focuses on electron transport in single and double quantum dots defined in low-dimensional, narrow-band-gap III-V semiconductor materials. Fabrication schemes are presented for defining single and double quantum dots in lateral InGaAs/InP heterostructures, either by a combination of etching and local gating or solely by local top gating. The quantum dots are here electrostatically conf

Popular Science SummaryPolymers are giant molecules consisting of a repetition of many small units (monomers) that are linked together by chemical bonds. If we consider a long necklace as a polymer chain, the beads are the monomers and the part of the thread which connects the beads together is the chemical bond. Polymers are important materials in our everyday life and they can be found e.g., in This thesis incorporates studies on the aqueous systems of two types of thermoresponsive amphiphilic block copolymers; a series of nonionic triblock copolymers comprising blocks of poly(ethylene oxide) (PEO) and poly(propylene oxide) (PPO) denoted as PEO-PPO-PEO block copolymers, and a series of ionic diblock copolymers consisting of one charged block and one block of poly(N-isopropylacrylamide) (

BACKGROUND: Because hemodilution decreases the oxygen-carrying capacity of blood, it was hypothesized that severe hemodilution would decrease the tolerance to alveolar hypoxia. METHODS: Hemodynamics, oxygen transport, and blood lactate concentrations were compared in ten pigs with normal hematocrit (33 +/- 4%), and ten hemodiluted pigs (hematocrit 11 +/- 1%; mean +/- SD) anesthetized with ketamine

Inhaled corticosteroid (ICS) therapy is central to the long-term management of asthma and is extensively used in the management of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). While administration via inhalation limits systemic exposure compared with oral or injected corticosteroids and, therefore, the risk of systemic corticosteroid-related adverse effects, concerns over the long-term safety of

Cykeln som färdmedel är bra för miljön och ökar folkhälsan. I syfte att öka cyklandet har ett antal prioriterande insatsområden tagits fram av Trafikverket och Sveriges Kommuner och Regioner (Trafikverket, 2018). Bland dem finns säker infrastruktur och beteendepåverkande insatser. Genom att studera användningen av den befintliga cykelinfrastrukturen ämnar detta examensarbete att ta reda på om det When aiming for increased bicycle traffic there is a need to evaluate the current bike paths in use in order to improve infrastructure. Knowing how people behave in traffic is a key to successful planning. Cyclists don’t behave like car drivers, nor like pedestrians. The goal is to allow bicyclists to have a high speed without decreasing safety. That is why this thesis aims to study the speed beha

Skyddsrum ska tillgodose civilbefolkningens behov av fysiskt skydd vid väpnat angrepp. Det har inte byggts några nya skyddsrum sedan 2002 men befolkningen har ökat. Totalförsvarsplaneringen har återupptagits med anledning av att den säkerhetspolitiska situationen i Europa har förändrats. Ett väpnat angrepp mot Sverige kan inte uteslutas. Av 3 kap. 9 § MB framgår att de prioriterade områdena för dThe purpose of shelters is to provide protection to the civilian population in case of war. Any new shelters have not been built in Sweden since 2002 but the population has increased. The national defense planning has been resumed because of changes in the security policy situation Europe. War against Sweden cannot be ruled out. According to the 3rd chapter 9 § The Swedish Environmental Code (MB)

Ekosociala åtgärder i befintlig utemiljö - En studie som kartlägger Lunds kommuns samverkan med fastighetsägare Kommuner har fått ett allt större ansvar och större uppdrag när det kommer till hållbarhet. Kommuners hållbarhetsarbete och uppsatta mål är ofta sammankopplat med både nationella och globala avtal vilket kräver samverkan då kommuner ensamma inte besitter egen rådighet eller har råd Previous research indicate that social and ecological sustainability dimensions are handled separately within the work of goal fulfilment. Important key actors are having a hard time finding synergies between them which leads to a slower green and healthy transformation of cities. On the local level, this problem is connected to the decentralization of municipalities due to their growing assig

Smittspridning i ventilerad inomhusmiljö har sedan Covid-19 pandemin startade blivit ett högaktuellt ämne. Smittan som uppstod i Kina spred sig snabbt över hela världen och gav upphov till omfattande restriktioner och förändringar i det vardagliga livet för miljarder människor. Till en början antogs Covid-19 endast spridas via dropp- och kontaktsmitta men forskning och kända utbrott visar att luftThe transmission of airborne aerosols in a ventilated indoor environment has become highly relevant since the Covid-19 outbreak. Initially, Covid-19 was only assumed to be spread via droplet and contact infection, but research and known outbreaks show that airborne transmission via aerosols occurs. Modern humans spend a large part of their life indoors. Understanding and calculating how virus-carr

Bulleremission från vägtrafik är på många ställen i Sverige ett påtagligt problem. Många fastigheter och rekreationsområden ligger så nära vägnätet att de utsattas hälsa och livskvalitet riskerar att försämras vid långvarig exponering. Att åtgärda bullerproblematiken direkt vid källan med en lågbullerbeläggning är idag en stor strävan på många platser. Detta ef-tersom de traditionella åtgärderna sNoise from road traffic is a significant problem in many places in Sweden. A lot of properties and recreational areas are so close to the road network that the health and quality of life of the exposed are at risk of deterioration. Addressing the noise problem directly at the source with a low noise road surface is a great endeavor in many places today. This is because the traditional measures suc

Anaerobic digestion (AD) of wastes and residues is a widely applied and explored process. However, when the process is not optimized, inadequate concentrations of nutrients and inhibitory compounds are common and can lead to low maximum organic loading rates and increased risk of process problems, low organic dry solids degradation rate and reduced methane yields. To overcome process instability a

Kvaliteten på dricksvatten kontrolleras av huvudmannen (ofta en kommunal organisation) som också är ansvariga för underhåll på ledningsnätet. En typ av underhållsmetod för dricksvattenlendingar är luft- och vattenspolning. Pollex AB är ett företag som bl.a. utför luft- och vattenspolning. De bedömer effekten av arbetet genom att med mätglas observera förändring i partikelinnehåll och missfärgning The quality of drinking water is controlled by the water organisation/company that delivers water to consumers, the organisation is also responsible of the maintenance of the drinking water distribution system. One method of maintenance is called air scouring. Pollex AB is a company utilizing, among other methods, air scouring. The staff assess the effect of the work by using a transparent plastic

Lokala företag — en målgrupp för en mer hållbar konsumtion? Det ter sig något självklart att uppmaningen 'Think global, act local' är något Sveriges kommuner kan omfamna. Sverige har ett starkt kommunalt självstyre och stora möjligheter att göra skillnad. Frågan är hur detta kan yttra sig och om det lokala näringslivet kan vara en målgrupp för kommunerna i arbetet? Den här studien åskådliBackground: Today, unsustainable consumption patterns contributes to the increase of climate change and environmental degradation. Objectives: This study intends to increase the understanding of which opportunities local governments, in this study Swedish municipalities, possess to influence and cooperate with local businesses to promote development towards a more sustainable consumption. In the p