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In the study presented in this paper, a vehicle driving cycle simulation of the pneumatic hybrid has been conducted. The pneumatic hybrid powertrain has been modeled in GT-Power and validated against experimental data. The GT-Power engine model has been linked with a MATLAB/simulink vehicle model. The engine in question is a single-cylinder Scania D12 diesel engine, which has been converted to wor

In nature, bacteria usually exist as mixed-species biofilms, where they engage in a range of synergistic and antagonistic interactions that increase their resistance to environmental challenges. Biofilms are a major cause of persistent infections, and dispersal from initial foci can cause new infections at distal sites thus warranting further investigation. Studies of development and spatial inter

Bis(phosphinidene)-capped triiron carbonyl clusters, including electron rich derivatives formed by substitution with chelating diphosphines, have been prepared and examined as proton reduction catalysts. Treatment of the known cluster [Fe3(CO)9(µ3-PPh)2] (1) with various diphosphines in refluxing THF (for 5, refluxing toluene) afforded the new clusters [Fe3(CO)7(µ3-PPh)2(κ2-dppb)] (2), [Fe3(CO)7(µ

Background: IgE-mediated allergy is associated with immunoglobulin heavy constant G chain (Fcγ) (GM) genes (IGHG) on chromosome 14q32.3. Investigation of the alternative GM allotypes of γ3, γ1 and γ2 chains has disclosed new structural and functional IgG subclasses and B-cell variants, with possible effects on childhood asthma. Objective: To investigate different IGHG (GM) gene complexes in a

Radiolabelled monoclonal IgM rheumatoid factors, four from patients with type II essential cryoglobulinaemia and one originating from a patient with rheumatoid arthritis, were tested for binding to group A, B, C and G streptococci and Escherichia coli. Two of the preparations exhibited different binding patterns for the streptococci, whereas the remaining three were not reactive. The binding of on

The article consists of six core sections. Firstly, it argues for examining the language, origin, use and meaning of key concepts when seeking to understand historical perspectives. Secondly, is a concrete investigation of three concepts related to the French Revolution: ‘historical monument’, ‘vandalism’, and ‘heritage’. Thirdly, it describes how ‘historical monument’ was replaced by ‘heritage’ aThe article consists of six core sections. Firstly, it argues for examining the language, origin, use and meaning of key concepts when seeking to understand historical perspectives. Secondly, is a concrete investigation of three concepts related to the French Revolution: ‘historical monument’, ‘vandalism’, and ‘heritage’. Thirdly, it describes how ‘historical monument’ was replaced by ‘heritage’ a

Popular Abstract in Swedish Populärvetenskaplig sammanfattning Antikroppar, även kallade immunoglobuliner, är proteiner som utgör en viktig del i vårt försvar mot infektioner genom att de kan binda och neutralisera ämnen som uppfattas som främmande, t ex bakterier, virus eller produkter som produceras av dessa organismer. Antikropparna består av en antigen-bindande variabel del som binder till deMany bacteria express immunoglobulin(Ig)-binding proteins that interact with Ig in a non-immune manner. Several of these Ig-binding bacterial proteins have been well characterized and are widely used as reagents for analysis and purification of Ig's. Protein G found on group C and G streptococci has affinity for constant regions of IgG heavy chains, whereas protein L found on Peptostreptococcus ma