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As the scale of single-cell genomics experiments grows into the millions, the computational requirements to process this data are beyond the reach of many. Herein we present Scarf, a modularly designed Python package that seamlessly interoperates with other single-cell toolkits and allows for memory-efficient single-cell analysis of millions of cells on a laptop or low-cost devices like single-boa
Objective:Hemarthrosis after knee trauma often indicates serious joint injury. Few studies have evaluated agreement between clinical examination and findings from magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). We aimed to describe the agreement between acute clinical examination and subacute MRI findings after acute knee trauma with hemarthrosis and the importance of the subspecialty of the examiner.Design:Lon
Reduced glomerular filtration rate (GFR) can progress to kidney failure. Risk factors include genetics and diabetes mellitus (DM), but little is known about their interaction. We conducted genome-wide association meta-analyses for estimated GFR based on serum creatinine (eGFR), separately for individuals with or without DM (nDM = 178,691, nnoDM = 1,296,113). Our genome-wide searches identified (i)
Although small rural settlements are only minor individual sources of greenhouse gases and air pollution, their high overall occurrence can significantly contribute to the total emissions of a region or country. Emissions from a rural lifestyle may be remarkably different than those of urban and industrialized regions, but nevertheless they have hardly been studied so far. Here, flux measurements
Body fat distribution is a major, heritable risk factor for cardiometabolic disease, independent of overall adiposity. Using exome-sequencing in 618,375 individuals (including 160,058 non-Europeans) from the UK, Sweden and Mexico, we identify 16 genes associated with fat distribution at exome-wide significance. We show 6-fold larger effect for fat-distribution associated rare coding variants compa
The presence of conventional dendritic cells type 1 (cDC1) in the tumor correlates with positive treatment outcome. The ability to cross-present neoantigens and prime protective CD8+ T-cell responses, makes cDC1s central for tumor immunity. However, in tumors cDC1 are rare and often functionally impaired. Our group reported that overexpression of the transcription factors PU.1, IRF8 and BATF3 (PIB
Nickel (Ni)-promoted Molybdenum (Mo)-based catalysts are used for hydrotreatment processes in the chemical industry where the catalysts are exposed to high-pressure H2 at elevated temperature. In this environment, the catalyst transforms into the active phase, which involves the reduction of the oxide. Here, we report on the first in situ study on the reduction of alumina supported Ni- and Mo-base
Background and aims: Extracellular matrix (ECM) remodeling is one of the key components in the formation of vulnerable atherosclerotic plaques and cardiovascular events. We recently showed that the full-length ECM-proteoglycan osteoglycin was associated with plaque vulnerability and future cardiovascular events. In the present study, we aimed to investigate the association of cleaved osteoglycin w
The chemical composition of non-refractory submicron aerosol (NR-PM1) was characterized at the Villum Research Station (Villum) at Station Nord in North Greenland during spring-summer 2016 using a Time of Flight Aerosol Chemical Speciation Monitor (ToF-ACSM). The composition is dominated by sulfate (48%) and organic species (40%). Positive Matrix Factorization (PMF) identified three key factors co
Based on Marcus theory, the photoinduced electron transfer properties of D-A type non-fullerene acceptor organic solar cells (OSCs) under the dependence of external electric field (Fext) were investigated. The research results shown that the charge transfer mode under different Fext intensities changes with certain regularity. Focusing on the important parameters (ΔG, λ, and VDA) that affect the c
Monitoring insects of different species to understand the factors affecting their diversity and decline is a major challenge. Laser remote sensing and spectroscopy offer promising novel solutions to this. Coherent scattering from thin wing membranes also known as wing interference patterns (WIPs) have recently been demonstrated to be species specific. The colors of WIPs arise due to unique fringy
Genetic variation at the MTIF3 (Mitochondrial Translational Initiation Factor 3) locus has been robustly associated with obesity in humans, but the functional basis behind this association is not known. Here, we applied luciferase reporter assay to map potential functional variants in the haplotype block tagged by rs1885988 and used CRISPR-Cas9 to edit the potential functional variants to confirm
Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) have been studied for their potential benefits in treating acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) and have reported mild effects when trialed within human clinical trials. MSCs have been investigated in preclinical models with efficacy when administered at the time of lung injury. Human integrin α10β1-selected adipose tissue-derived MSCs (integrin α10β1-MSCs) have
Phagocytosis is relevant for many research fields and is often measured as a functional outcome. However, accurate quantification can be challenging, and many researchers find it difficult to study in a robust manner. There are many ways to measure phagocytosis, but what is often overlooked is the importance of experimental design and how the analysis is planned and performed. Experimental factors
Antibody binding to bacterial surfaces plays a crucial role in immunity, and a key characteristic of this protein-protein interaction is the binding affinity. Determining the affinity of an antibody binding to its antigen is the first step in predicting the function in a physiological environment where other competing protein interactions may be present. Antibody-antigen affinity is often evaluate
Bioelectronics can potentially complement classical therapies in nonchronic treatments, such as immunotherapy and cancer. In addition to functionality, minimally invasive implantation methods and bioresorbable materials are central to nonchronic treatments. The latter avoids the need for surgical removal after disease relief. Self-organizing substrate-free organic electrodes meet these criteria an
Background Direct cell reprogramming is characterized by the use of defined factors to rewire the transcriptional and epigenetic network of one cell-type into one of a different lineage. We have recently identified the transcription factors PU.1, IRF8, and BAFT3 (PIB) as sufficient to induce a type 1 conventional dendritic cell (cDC1) fate in both somatic and cancer cells.1,2 cDC1 is a rare dendri
Immunotherapy has brought hope for cancer treatment, but its clinical success remains limited. Recently, overexpression of the transcription factors PU.1, IRF8 and BATF3 (PIB) was shown to induce direct reprogramming of tumor cells into antigen-presenting type 1 conventional dendritic cells (cDC1s), a rare subset of immune cells with pivotal role in anti-cancer immunity. This strategy might open a
Cell fate reprogramming of adult cells towards pluripotency or unrelated somatic cell-types has been explored in the context of regenerative medicine. Dendritic cells (DCs) are professional antigen presenting cells (APCs) specialized in the recognition, processing and presentation of antigens to T-cells, inducing adaptive immunity. In particular, the mouse conventional DCs type 1 (cDC1) subset or
An important hallmark of cancer is the ability to evade the immune system. Genetic mutations may result in the accumulation of tumor antigens, however, downregulation of antigen presentation in tumor cells results in decreased immunogenicity and immune surveillance evasion. Recently, we demonstrated that enforced expression of PU.1, IRF8 and BATF3 (PIB) imposes a conventional dendritic cell type 1
