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The participation by Swedish citizens in foreign armed conflicts is a topic that has been receiving an increasing amount of attention not only in the media but also in the political debate. The debate has first and foremost centered around those Swedish citizens travelling to Syria to join various terrorist organisations but the topic extends further, is far more complex and gives rise to a number

Popular Abstract in Swedish Ekokardiografisk undersökning av hjärtat utvecklades i Lund i början av 1950 talet av kardiologen Inge Edler tillsammans med fysikern Helmuth Hertz och har under de första 30 åren huvudsakligen utförts via bröstkorgsväggen så kallat transthorakalt ultraljud. Under 1980 talet utvecklades tekniken och man fick instrument som via matstrupen kunde utföra en ekokardiografiskThe subject of this thesis is the clinical use of transesophageal echocardiography (TEE) in patients with stroke or atrial fibrillation. Subjects were examined with echocardiography and sonography of the carotid artery. A control group of randomly selected volunteers without cerebrovascular disease was compared to patients with ischemic stroke. Cardiac pathology was classified as minor potential e

Internettjänsteleverantörer är en grupp aktörer som har ägnats stor uppmärk-samhet inom ramen för upphovsrätten. Dessa aktörer är nämligen, av flera anledningar, intressanta att rikta såväl civilrättsliga som straffrättsliga krav mot med anledning av upphovsrättsintrång som begås på internet. Den öka-de svårigheten att komma åt ursprungskällan vid brott på internet är en bi-dragande faktor till vaInternet Service Providers (ISP:s) have been widely discussed in the ambit of copyright law. This group of service providers is namely, from many points of view, more interesting to pursue, when it comes to illicit material posted on the internet, than the actual source of the content. The increased difficulty to find the actual perpetrator is a contributory reason for why cop-yright owners choose

Two studies were performed in this paper. The first study was a method development examining the possibilities to do a serial extraction of lipids, PCB 153, NSAIDs (non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs) and selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs) from a single sample. Five different treatments were tested with three replicates from each individual fish. All samples were first freeze-dried

Inledning Tjänstefelsbestämmelsen återfinns i 20:1 BrB och har diskuterats kriminalpolitiskt under lång tid, vilket medfört att tjänstefelsansvarets stränghet varierat. Frågeställningen blir då vilka argument som framförts för och mot kriminalisering av tjänstefelsgärningar och vilka kriminaliseringsbegränsande principer som kan anföras för och mot kriminalisering av tjänstefelsgärningar. Syftet mIntroduction The misconduct provision is found in 20:1 in the Penal Code and has been discussed in criminal policy for a long time, resulting in that the severity of the misconduct responsibility has varied. The question that follows is what arguments that are presented for and against the criminalization of misconduct offences and which criminalization limiting principles that can be set in contr

Studies of virus capsids opens up new opportunities to develop different kind of cargo systems, but also the understanding of the transportation and the releasing of different kinds of cargo molecules. Virus capsids is a protein shell of a virus that encapsulates different types of infecting nucleic acid sequences in their native forms. One of these capsids is the Hepatitis B virus capsid that in

Popular Abstract in Swedish Denna avhandling har sin upprinnelse i utvecklingen av en metod för datorvisualis-ering och en metod för participativ ingenjörskonst. De två metoderna är intimt förknippade med varandra och benämns tillsammans “Computer Visualization in Participatory Engineering” (VIPE), något som på svenska skulle kunna benämnas ”Datorvisualisering för Participativ Ingenjörsvetenskap”.This thesis tells the initiation story of a computer visualization methodology and a participatory engineering methodology. The two methodologies are tightly coupled and for the purpose of this thesis, as a unit, named Computer Visualization in Par-ticipatory Engineering (VIPE). VIPE aims at a concurrent focus on technical and economical as well as ergonomic demands, by means of advancing communic

Popular Abstract in Swedish Tillväxthormon (GH) insöndras stötvis från hypofysen. Insöndringen är som högst nattetid, och de högsta nivåerna ses under puberteten för att därefter avta succecivt med ökande ålder. En av de vanligaste orsakerna till brist på GH är godartade tumörer i hypofys och hypofysnära områden där även behandling med kirurgi och strålbehandling kan bidra till hypofysinsufficiensIn childhood onset growth hormone deficiency (GHD) a reduction in cardiac left ventricular mass (LVMi) and impairment of cardiac systolic function, as well as in glomerular filtration rate (GFR) has been shown. In study I, we showed that a low dose of GH treatment for 10 months resulted in increased LVMi and kidney size. No significant improvement in cardiac systolic function or GFR, except for a

Many scholars agree that current fast fashion system is highly unsustainable and causes many environmental and social challenges worldwide. Given this, the main aim of this thesis is to explore the concept of slow fashion and understand its potential benefits, contributing to sustainability within the current fashion system. On one hand, slow fashion represents an alternative production and consum

Idag har samhället en ständig teknisk utveckling och användandet av positionering växer hela tiden. Vår position kan enkelt visas med hjälp av koordinater, i t.ex. mobiltelefonen, och används till allt från att räkna ut och ange din joggingrunda till att visa hur trafiken ser ut. Lantmäteriet håller nu på med en utredning gällande ifall ett fastighetssystem med koordinatbestämda fastighetsgränser Today there is a constant technical development in the society, and the use of GPS devices and various positioning applications is growing. Lantmäteriet, the Swedish mapping, cadastral and land registration authority, is now about to initiate a pilot project on how a coordinate based cadastral system could work in Sweden. The overall purpose of introducing this type of system in Sweden is to creat

Popular Abstract in Swedish Vi vill bevara naturbetesmarker och deras skönhet, vilken bland annat utgörs av de olika växtarter som förekommer där. Men idag finns det tyvärr inte många betesmarker kvar. Naturbetesmarkerna har under de senaste två sekelerna försvunnit på grund av ökad eller minskad markanvändning, där betesmarker blivit omvandlade till antingen åkermark eller skog. Bristen på betesmLarge areas of grazed, species rich semi-natural grassland were lost in Europe during the last two centuries and as a consequence led to decreases in grassland specialist species. Therefore, today the “restoration” of grassland on previously arable fields is recommended for the protection of grassland specialists. Even “substitute habitats” for lost grasslands are discussed as temporary alternativ

Popular Abstract in English People normally associate hemoglobin with blood. It is true that the iron in the center of the hemoglobin molecule makes it excellent at carrying oxygen in the bloodstream from the lungs to every part of the body. However, seventy five years ago a hemoglobin was found in a plant. And plants do not have blood. So what is hemoglobin doing in plants? What are its functionsHemoglobins (Hb) are usually associated with blood in humans. However, these proteins are widely distributed among living organisms. In plants the most known group are the leghemoglobins. Still, other Hbs that not participate in symbiosis are also found. They are known as nonsymbiotic Hbs (nsHbs). NsHbs are divided into class-1 and class-2. In this thesis three nsHbs from sugar beet (BvHb1-1, BvHb

Popular Abstract in Swedish I den här avhandlingen studeras de elektriska egenskaperna hos nanotrådar av halvledarmaterial. En halvledare är ett mellanting av en ledare och en isolator, där den elektriska ledningsförmågan kan styras både genom att förorena materialet med andra ämnen och genom att påverka materialet med ett elektriskt fält. I princip all modern elektronik bygger på komponenter av hThis thesis focuses on electron transport in semiconductor InAs/InP and InSb nanowire quantum devices. However, first the temperature dependence of classical charge transport in InSb nanowire field-effect transistors, FETs, is characterized, using InAs nanowire FETs as a reference. We find that the InSb FETs, in the same way as InAs FETs, are n-type with good current saturation and low voltage ope

Populärvetenskaplig sammanfattning/Populärwissenschaftliche Zusammenfassung (först på svenska/Schwedisch och därefter på tyska/Deutsch)Nästan alla metalliska material som används idag är legeringar. Detta beror på att legeringen har förbättrade fysiska egenskaper som hållfasthet, slitstyrka och korrosionsbeständighet och dessutom bättre prestanda vid höga temperaturer jämfört med de enskilda rena This thesis reports on surface studies of industrial materials whose importance for society manifests in the vast range of applications. In industrial materials alloying is performed in order to improve the parent material's physical and mechanical properties such as strength, corrosion and wear resistance, as well as high temperature performance in comparison to the pure metal.Even though metals

Using transition metals in organic synthesis has led to the discovery of new reactions. These novel reactions have enabled different valuable transformations to take place through short synthetic routes and most importantly using a small amount of the metal. This small amount is called a catalytic amount and the metal which is in the form of a complex (with an array of groups of atoms bonded to thNew palladium and nickel complexes based on unsymmetric PCN pincer ligands have been synthesized and fully characterized using different techniques. The substituents on the nitrogen side arm of the ligand have great influence on the cyclometallation and the reactivity of the new complexes particularly in case of nickel. The less sterically hindered PCNMe ligand enabled formation of the trivalent n

Recent years have proven the benefits of electrifying the road bound vehicle fleet. With new components entering, the general understanding as well as the components as such needs to be improved. Focus in the thesis is on the design of an electric machine based on specifications of requirements for a commercial heavy vehicle such as a truck or a bus. One strict requirement is that the machine has

The Convention on Biological Diversity (CBD) was designed in accordance with the framework protocol approach, which comprises treaty bodies such as Conferences of the Parties (COP) and compliance mechanisms and sets out broad standards to be made more precise through the making of protocols. The CBD’s third objective, access and equitable sharing of the benefits arising from the utilization of genThe Convention on Biological Diversity (CBD) was designed in accordance with the framework protocol approach, which comprises treaty bodies such as Conferences of the Parties (COP) and compliance mechanisms and sets out broad standards to be made more precise through the making of protocols. The CBD’s third objective, access and equitable sharing of the benefits arising from the utilization of gen

Radiopharmaceutical therapy is used to treat cancers and other diseases with radiolabeledpharmaceuticals. The treatment targets specific cells, and the emitted ionizing radiation cause cytotoxicdamage. Dosimetry is performed to estimate the absorbed dose from the energy deposited in the body.This requires measurement of the activity in vivo and knowledge of the retention time of the activity in tuRadiopharmaceutical therapy is used to treat cancers and other diseases with radiolabeled pharmaceuticals. The treatment targets specific cells, and the emitted ionizing radiation cause cytotoxic damage. Dosimetry is performed to estimate the absorbed dose from the energy deposited in the body. This requires measurement of the activity in vivo and knowledge of the retention time of the activity in

This paper is a part of a larger project where we longitudinally (over seven years) analyze the implementation process of a policy instigating written assessment criteria for all courses in a traditional university faculty. The overarching question is: How does educational policy influence educational practice?The project adhere to a complex perspective on implementation (Gornitzka et al., 2005) a