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Objective To examine trends in rheumatoid arthritis (RA) as an underlying cause of death (UCD) in 31 countries across the globe during 1987-2011. Methods Data on mortality and population were collected from the World Health Organization mortality database and the United Nations. Age-standardized mortality rates (ASMR) were calculated by means of direct standardization. We applied joinpoint regress

Background: Intracerebral transplantation of human induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) can ameliorate behavioral deficits in animal models of stroke. How the ischemic lesion affects the survival of the transplanted cells, their proliferation, migration, differentiation, and function is only partly understood. Methods: Here we have assessed the influence of the stroke-induced injury on grafts of

Genome-wide association studies (GWAS) have identified >250 loci for body mass index (BMI), implicating pathways related to neuronal biology. Most GWAS loci represent clusters of common, noncoding variants from which pinpointing causal genes remains challenging. Here we combined data from 718,734 individuals to discover rare and low-frequency (minor allele frequency (MAF) <5%) coding variants asso

Aims/hypothesis: There is considerable variability in how diabetes progresses after diagnosis. Progression modelling has largely focused on ‘time to failure’ methods, yet determining a ‘coefficient of failure’ has many advantages. We derived a rate of glycaemic deterioration in type 2 diabetes, using a large real-world cohort, and aimed to investigate the clinical, biochemical, pharmacological and

Importance: The role of ω-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids for primary prevention of coronary heart disease (CHD) remains controversial. Most prior longitudinal studies evaluated self-reported consumption rather than biomarkers. Objective: To evaluate biomarkers of seafood-derived eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA; 20:5 ω-3), docosapentaenoic acid (DPA; 22:5 ω-3), and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA; 22:6 ω-3) an

In this paper, the effect of polarization on the downlink achievable sum-rate of multi-user Cooperative Multi-Point (CoMP) systems is studied using synchronous multi-link channel measurements with two different antenna arrangements. In the first setup, four dual-polarized antenna patches with inter-patch distance varied from half wavelength to 8 m are considered at the base station (BS). In the se

Aims/hypothesis: Little is known about the heritable basis of gene–environment interactions in humans. We therefore screened multiple cardiometabolic traits to assess the probability that they are influenced by genotype–environment interactions. Methods: Fourteen established environmental risk exposures and 11 cardiometabolic traits were analysed in the VIKING study, a cohort of 16,430 Swedish adu

Background-We assessed whether 234 established dyslipidemia-associated loci modify the effects of metformin treatment and lifestyle intervention (versus placebo control) on lipid and lipid subfraction levels in the Diabetes Prevention Program randomized controlled trial. Methods and Results-We tested gene treatment interactions in relation to baseline-adjusted follow-up blood lipid concentrations

Objective. To compare the rate of occurrence of comorbidities, including severe infections, in a population-based cohort of patients with biopsy-proven giant cell arteritis (GCA) with a reference population in Southern Sweden. Methods. The study included a population-based cohort of biopsy-proven GCA cases diagnosed between 1998 and 2010 from the Skane region in Southern Sweden (population: 1.2 mi

To decide how much resources to spend on reducing mortality risk, governmental agencies in several countries turn to the value of a statistical life (VSL). VSL has been shown to vary depending on the size of the risk reduction, which indicates that WTP does not increase near-proportional in relation to risk reduction as suggested by standard economic theory. Chained approach (CA) is a stated prefe

Ischemic stroke is caused by occlusion of a cerebral artery, which gives rise to focal ischemia with irreversible injury in a core region and partially reversible damage in the surrounding penumbra zone. Stroke leads to neural death and consequently neurological impairments. Therapeutic intervention of stroke comprises thrombolysis and thrombectomy by chemical or surgical means, respectively. If d

Aims: To determine whether risk factor changes over 6 years were associated with the incidence of atrial fibrillation (AF)among middle-aged men in the Malmo ̈ Preventive Project (MPP) cohort.Methods and results: In total, 5633 men (mean age 47.0 years at baseline) underwent two screening examinations, separated by an average of6 years. The annual rate at which systolic blood pressure (SBP), diasto

The rising prevalences of type 2 diabetes and obesity constitute major threats to human health globally. Powerful social and economic factors influence the distribution of these diseases among and within populations. These factors act on a substrate of individual predisposition derived from the composite effects of inherited DNA variation and a range of environmental exposures experienced througho

The importance of the subchondral bone plate of the acetabulum when preparing the pelvis for a cemented acetabular cup during total hip arthroplasty (THA) has been investigated using finite element analysis. The effect of retaining or removing the subchondral bone plate and the use of anchoring holes are compared. Loading was applied via both hip joint contact force and the activity of up to 22 mu

Gene profiling has revealed that malignant gliomas can be divided into four distinct molecular subtypes, where tumors with a mesenchymal gene expression are correlated with short survival. The present investigation was undertaken to clarify whether human malignant gliomas contain endogenous mesenchymal stromal cells (MSC), fulfilling consensus criteria defined by The International Society for Cell

The aim of this study was to synthesize and characterize a nano-hydroxyapatite (nHAP) and calcium sulfate bone substitute (NC) for cranioplasty. The NC was functionalized with low concentrations of bone morphogenetic protein-2 (BMP-2) and zoledronic acid (ZA) and characterized both in vitro and in vivo. In vitro studies included MTT, ALP assays, and fluorescent staining of Saos-2 (human osteoblast

OBJECTIVE: To assess mortality related to musculoskeletal (MSK) disorders and rheumatoid arthritis (RA), specifically, among adults (aged ≥ 20 yrs) in southern Sweden using the multiple-cause-of-death approach.METHODS: All death certificates (DC; n = 201,488) from 1998 to 2014 for adults in the region of Skåne were analyzed when mortality from MSK disorders and RA was listed as the underlying and

Height is a highly heritable, classic polygenic trait with approximately 700 common associated variants identified through genome-wide association studies so far. Here, we report 83 height-associated coding variants with lower minor-allele frequencies (in the range of 0.1-4.8%) and effects of up to 2 centimetres per allele (such as those in IHH, STC2, AR and CRISPLD2), greater than ten times the a

Purpose: The aim of this paper is to review the evidence of the association between energy balance and obesity. Methods: In December 2015, the International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC), Lyon, France convened a Working Group of international experts to review the evidence regarding energy balance and obesity, with a focus on Low and Middle Income Countries (LMIC). Results: The global epide