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BACKGROUND: Melanoma, the deadliest form of skin cancer, exhibits resistance to conventional therapies, particularly in advanced and metastatic stages. Mitochondrial pathways, including oxidative phosphorylation and mitochondrial translation, have emerged as critical drivers of melanoma progression and therapy resistance. This study investigates the mitochondrial proteome in melanoma to uncover no
Imaging-defined atherosclerosis represents an intermediate phenotype of atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (ASCVD). Genome-wide association studies (GWAS) on directly measured coronary plaques using coronary computed tomography angiography (CCTA) are scarce. In the so far largest population-based cohort with CCTA data, we performed a GWAS on coronary plaque burden as determined by the segment
Prediction of incident macrovascular events (iMEs) in individuals with type 2 diabetes (T2D) remains suboptimal. We aim to discover blood-based epigenetic biomarkers predicting iMEs in 752 newly diagnosed individuals with T2D, among whom 102 developed iMEs during follow-up. 461 DNA methylation sites, e.g., near ARID3A, GATA5, HDAC4, IRS2, and TMEM51, associate with iMEs. Using cross-validation, a
Aims: To explore the association between soluble neuropilin-1 (sNRP-1) and depression in patients with newly diagnosed type 2 diabetes (T2D). Materials and Methods: Multicentre, cross-sectional study including adults with serologically confirmed newly diagnosed T2D. Included variables: sex, sNPR-1 (low sNRP-1 was defined as <226 ng/mL), psychometrically assessed depression and anxiety, antidepress
The human influence on Earth's ecosystems is omnipresent. Artificial light at night (ALAN), anthropogenic noise, and air pollution are inherent features of human activities and infrastructure and pose novel environmental challenges to urban-dwelling wildlife. So far, most of the studies investigating the impacts of exposure to urban pollutants on animals have either investigated the effects of urb
BACKGROUND: Evidence indicates that artificial intelligence (AI) can improve mammography screening by increasing cancer detection and reducing screen reading workload, but its effect on interval cancers (primary breast cancers diagnosed between two screening rounds or within 2 years after the last scheduled screening that were not detected at screening) is unknown. We aimed to compare the interval
Particle induced oxidative stress is a probable pathway for many of the detrimental health-effects caused by particulate matter (PM). Recent studies on the exposure to oxidative potential (OP) in ambient fine and coarse PM suggest that anthropogenic particle pollutants, especially vehicular wear, anthropogenic primary and secondary organic aerosols (SOA) are more toxic on mass basis and more relev
Aim: This study evaluates the health effects of plant-based dairy alternatives in healthy individuals and those with Inflammatory Bowel Disease (IBD). Specifically, it investigates whether replacing one daily meal with a plant-based alternative has a positive impact on intestinal microbiota composition and gut health. It also investigates whether the effect of probiotic bacteria in yogurt depends
Antimicrobial peptides are widely investigated in the literature, but their mechanism of action and effects on lipid membranes are not completely understood from a physicochemical perspective. In this study, we employed a bioinspired mastoparan from wasp venom, mast-MO, and characterized its interactions with model lipid membranes, either as a supported lipid bilayer or as free-standing vesicles i
Ferroelectricity in Hf0.5Zr0.5O2 (HZO) originates from a polymorphic landscape where the metastable orthorhombic phase competes with monoclinic and tetragonal forms, making functional properties highly sensitive to structural instability. Recent strategies have exploited ionic-vacancy mechanisms, either through redox interactions with the environment or by employing ferroionic heterostructures, to
Selenium (Se), an essential trace element, is linked to poor prognosis in heart failure (HF) and kidney disease. Se deficiency (serum Se < 70 μg/L) has been associated with increased cardiovascular mortality. Selenoprotein P (SELENOP), the main Se transporter, reflects bioavailable Se. Selective glomerular hypofiltration syndrome (SGHS), defined by a cystatin C-based eGFR < 0.7 of creatinine-based
Ambient pressure X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (APXPS) has emerged as an important technique for investigating surface and interface chemistry under realistic conditions, overcoming the limitations of conventional XPS restricted to ultrahigh vacuum. This review highlights the capabilities and scientific impact of APXPS at the MAX IV Laboratory, the world’s first fourth-generation synchrotron li
AIMS: The COVID-19 pandemic had substantial impacts on mortality and morbidity, even after the rollout of vaccinations. These impacts however, varied considerably across regions. We examined regional disparities in COVID-19 mortality and hospitalizations among older people in Sweden from January 2021 to August 2023 and assessed the role of vaccination coverage in shaping these disparities.METHODS:
Objective To determine if familial diabetes burden across multiple kinship levels is associated with hospital-diagnosed COVID-19 in a population-based cohort. Methods We analyzed data from 15,516 participants in the Malmö Diet and Cancer Study (MDCS), a prospective, population-based cohort in southern Sweden. Familial burdens among first-degree relatives (parents, siblings, children) of diabetes,
Complement factor C3 is one of the most abundant proteins in the bloodstream and a central part of the complement system. Upon activation, C3 facilitates bacterial recognition and clearance in the extracellular environment. Initially regarded as a serum effector component, C3 is also emerging as an intracellular protein regulating basic cellular processes. Previously, we reported that intracellula
Background: Five risk factors account for approximately 50% of the global burden of cardiovascular disease. How the presence or absence of classic risk factors affects lifetime estimates of cardiovascular disease and death from any cause remains unclear. Methods: We harmonized individual-level data from 2,078,948 participants across 133 cohorts, 39 countries, and 6 continents. Lifetime risk of car
Background: Procalcitonin (PCT) is a biomarker used to differentiate between viral and bacterial infections, though the underlying mechanisms are not yet fully understood. This study aimed to identify genetic variants associated with plasma PCT concentrations and explore the associations of genetically predicted PCT with a wide range of disease related traits in a PheWAS. Methods: We conducted GWA
Studies of the surface chemistry of the first few cycles of atomic layer deposition (ALD) using in situ and time-resolved operando techniques are attractive for realizing, understanding, and obtaining true mechanistic information during the deposition. However, the latter techniques are yet to be applied to ALD of metal nitrides. Here, we present a surface-chemistry investigation through a time-re
