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Prokaryotic Argonaute proteins (pAgos) from the long-A clade are stand-alone immune systems that use small interfering DNA (siDNA) guides to recognize and cleave invading plasmid and virus DNA. Certain long-A pAgos are co-encoded with accessory proteins with unknown functions. Here, we show that cyanobacterial long-A pAgos act in conjunction with Argonaute-associated Cas4 family enzyme 1 (ACE1). S
Recently, it has become a focus to reduce non-exhaust aerosol emissions from the transport sector. One possible way to decrease brake particle emissions is by laser-cladding coatings onto brake discs. This work tested five different laser-cladding coated brake discs against a non-asbestos organic brake pad. The performance of these coatings was compared to a commercial grey cast iron brake disc te
Within the FLASH2020+ upgrade, the pump-probe laser capabilities of the extreme ultraviolet and soft x-ray free-electron laser (XFEL) FLASH in Hamburg will be extended. In particular, providing wavelength tunability, shorter pulse durations, and reduced arrival time jitter will increase the scientific opportunities and the time resolution for the XFEL-optical laser pump-probe experiments. We prese
We report pulse energy scaling enabled by the use of Laguerre-Gaussian single-vortex (LG0,l) beams for spectral broadening in a sub-40 cm long Herriott-type bulk multi-pass cell. Beams with orders l=1−3 are generated by a spatial light modulator, which facilitates rapid and precise reconfiguration of the experimental conditions. 180 fs pulses with 610 uJ pulse energy are post-compressed to 44 fs u
We investigate experimentally the quantum coherence of an electronic two-level system in a double quantum dot under continuous charge detection. The charge state of the two-level system is monitored by a capacitively coupled single quantum dot detector that imposes a backaction effect on the system. The measured backaction is well described by an additional decoherence rate, approximately linearly
We propose a single-shot Carrier-Envelope Phase measurement scheme, based on evaluating f-2f fringes by means of optical Fourier transform. The method is suitable for measuring at high-repetition rate (> 200kHz) and low pulse energy.
Since 2016, the city of Stockholm has been replacing one of the region’s most important communication hubs, the so-called Slussen (The Lock). This enormous building site is situated within the historical city area of Stockholm. For this reason, archaeologists have been involved throughout the process, mapping a giant historic topographic jigsaw puzzle. This paper is a meta-study of the archaeologi
INTRODUCTION: Trust in healthcare is central to the delivery of care and unequally distributed between groups in society. Experiences of perceived discrimination have been associated with lack of such trust. Although the importance of trust in healthcare has been highlighted in recent years, studies in this area are relatively scarce.MATERIALS AND METHODS: We investigated the risk of low trust in
Advancing ultrafast high-repetition-rate lasers to shortest pulse durations comprising only a few optical cycles while pushing their energy into the multi-millijoule regime opens a route toward terawatt-class peak powers at unprecedented average power. We explore this route via efficient post-compression of high-energy 1.2 ps pulses from an ytterbium InnoSlab laser to 9.6 fs duration using gas-fil
Objective: Antineutrophil cytoplasmic antibody (ANCA)–associated vasculitis (AAV) is a chronic relapsing condition with unknown etiology. To gain insight into the molecular processes underlying the disease, we examined biomarkers in blood samples collected prior to symptom onset. Methods: The National Patient Register and Cause of Death register were searched for AAV-related International Classifi
Genome-wide significant loci for metformin response in type 2 diabetes reported elsewhere have not been repli-cated in the Diabetes Prevention Program (DPP). To as-sess pharmacogenetic interactions in prediabetes, we conducted a genome-wide association study (GWAS) in the DPP. Cox proportional hazards models tested associations with diabetes incidence in the metformin (MET; n = 876) and placebo (P
Background: Lead exposure is associated with cardiovascular disease. Atherosclerosis has been hypothesized to be one of the underlying mechanisms behind this association. Aim: To investigate whether lead exposure is associated with an increased risk of atherosclerosis in the carotid arteries in a large Swedish population-based cohort. Methods: We performed a cross-sectional study using data from t
PIONEER is a European network of excellence for big data in prostate cancer consisting of 37 private and public stakeholders from 9 countries across Europe. Many progresses have been done in prostate cancer management, but unanswered questions in the field still exist, and big data could help to answer these questions. The PIONEER consortium conducted a two-round modified Delphi survey aiming at b
The dispersion scan (d-scan) technique is extended to measurement of the time-dependent polarization state of ultrashort laser pulses. In the simplest implementation for linearly polarized ultrashort pulses, the d-scan technique records the second harmonic generation spectrum as a function of a known spectral phase manipulation. By applying this method to two orthogonally polarized projections of
Using scanning tunneling microscopy and spectroscopy, for a monolayer of transition metal dichalcogenide H-NbS2 grown by molecular beam epitaxy on graphene, we provide unambiguous evidence for a charge density wave (CDW) with a 3 × 3 superstructure, which is not present in bulk NbS2. Local spectroscopy displays a pronounced gap on the order of 20 meV at the Fermi level. Within the gap, low-energy
Filaggrin (FLG), a skin barrier protein, is associated with higher dermal uptake of some chemicals in carriers of loss-of-function (null) mutations. This study investigates FLG mutations and systemic effects following dermal exposure to chemicals. Individuals (n = 23 FLG null, n = 31 FLG wt) were simultaneously exposed to pyrimethanil, pyrene, oxybenzone, and nickel ions for 4 h. Pre- and post-exp
