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Popular Abstract in Swedish Blodåderförkalkning och dess komplikationer såsom hjärn- och hjärtinfarkt är bland de vanligaste orsakerna till sjukdom och död i vårt samhälle. Flera faktorer är av betydelse för uppkomsten av åderförkalkning. I denna avhandling presenteras studier av substanser frisatta från kärlendothelet (blodkärlväggarnas insida) respektive från vita blodkroppar, och dessa substansThis study was undertaken to evaluate relationships between endothelial function (assessed as mediators of endothelium-derived vasoactive factors such as nitric oxide [NO], prostacyclin [PGI2] and endothelin [ET-1] ), and risk factors for atherosclerosis, as well as to study possible relationships between endothelial function and leukocyte activation (indicated by measurements of leukocyte-derived

GHRS observations of chemically peculiar stars have initiated a new project for calculating atomic properties of heavy elements (Z approximate to 80). The method used is based on large-scale, fully relativistic MCDF, and the data involve accurate gf-values, hyperfine structure parameters, and relative isotope shifts.

This thesis presents a study of advanced analytical techniques, for the characterization of actinide particles originating from the non-peaceful use of nuclear technology and from international inspections of the nuclear fuel cycle associated with non-proliferation agreements. The thesis is based on five papers, which will be referred to by Paper I-V in the text. Individual particle analysis has s

The paper analyses some properties that are obtained when using load current measurements to control DC-DC power converters. The analysis is made for the buck, boost, and buck-boost converters with current mode control. The two major properties obtained are low output impedance and an almost invariant control-to-output transfer function for different loads. It is shown that the use of the load cur

As climate models can be used to reproduce historical climates, the outcomes can be used to put climate extremes in to a proper historical perspective. This also allows investigation of nonlinear properties of hydrologic processes (e. g. precipitation, runoff) to better understand regional hydrologic dynamics. To this end, the present study uses results from a so-called 'paleosimulation' (i.e. sim

It has been recently reported that both dynamic movement characteristics, as well as the duration of postures adopted during work, are important in the development of low back pain (LBP). This paper presents a video-based posture assessment method capable of measuring trunk angles and angular velocities in industrial workplaces. The interobserver reliability, system accuracy, and the relationship

This thesis concerns the analysis of anthropogenic substances of the compound class known as persistent organic pollutants (POPs). Sample preparation perspectives for the analysis of POPs in the environmental matrices water, soils and sediments are presented. This thesis features reasonably cheap and uncomplicated methodology capable of fast screening of POPs. It displays how quantitative extract

The complex interplay by tunneling and scattering in quantum cascade lasers is analyzed with nonequilibrium Green's functions. Data for a recently proposed simple structure based on only two wells per period is presented. This simple structure allows to visualize the relevance of the tunneling resonance very clearly. It is argued that a QCL design needs at least three levels per period, thus furth

A model for simulating the drug release from a swelling and dissolving polymer tablet is presented and verified to data. The model is based on a mechanistic approach, and it can therefore be employed to study the sensitivity of true physical constants, for instance the drug diffusion coefficient or the drug solubility. The model generates the drug and polymer release profiles and the front positio

Implementation of guidelines for coronary heart disease prevention is less optimal in clinical practice. The aim of this study was to investigate if specific knowledge (patients' knowledge about their own coronary heart disease risk factors) would correlate to their adherence as measured by self-reported lifestyle changes, reaching defined treatment goals and adhering to treatment with prescribed

In several twin studies the relative contribution of genetic factors for personality traits has amounted to figures between 40 and 60%. In the present study we investigated to which degree polymorphisms in the 5-HTT and AP-2 beta genes are implicated in the neural processes involved in the formation of Temperament and Character traits, as estimated by Cloninger's TCI. Considering the background of

During formation of polymorphonuclear neutrophils, proteins are synthesized for storage in granules. Whereas sorting of proteins into distinct subtypes of cytoplasmic granules may reflect the coordinated expression of the proteins contained in them, still the mechanism(s) for the retrieval of proteins from the constitutive secretion is unknown. To investigate the mechanisms of retrieval, nonmyeloi

The purpose of the current study was to determine whether factor V Leiden and the prothrombin 20210A gene mutation are risk factors for osteonecrosis of the femoral head in different etiologic groups of osteonecrosis in adults and whether patients with idiopathic osteonecrosis of the femoral head have a higher frequency of thromboembolic events compared with the general population. We investigated

Background: Serum IgA antibodies against tissue transglutaminase (tTG) are reliable markers for celiac disease (CD), still the diagnostic performance of anti-tTG immunoassays can be improved. A novel ELISA, using fibronectin (FN) as tTG binding protein, was evaluated for the detection of anti-tTG antibodies in CD. Methods: Sera from 173 children with untreated CD and 97 controls were analyzed for

Cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) samples from 21 patients with a clinical diagnosis of Alzheimer's disease (AD) participating in a 5-year treatment study with the choline esterase inhibitor tacrin were retrospectively analyzed for the contents of beta-amyloid (Abeta42), total tau (T-tau) and phosphorylated tau (P-tau). A significant positive correlation between the level of P-tau and the number of sympto

In this first clinical trial liposome-encapsulated iodixanol, CT particles (CTP) were studied. The aims of the present trial were to assess the efficacy of CTP in CT and to determine the safety of different doses of CTP. A total of 47 healthy volunteers were enrolled in the present study. The CTP was administered at doses 10, 30, 70 and 100 mg encapsulated I/kg bw. Efficacy was assessed using sing