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Background: Several studies indicate increasing hospitalisation rates for specific infectious diseases (IDs). Studies describing the entire ID spectrum are scarcer. Our aim was to describe hospital use with ID diagnoses in Swedish adults from 1998 to 2019. Methods: All four-position codes in ICD-10 were reclassified as ID or non-ID diagnoses. Using data from the National Patient Register, age-stan
ADF/cofilins (AC) are essential F- and G-actin binding proteins that modulate microfilament turnover. The genome of Plasmodium falciparum, the parasite causing malaria, contains two members of the AC family. Interestingly, P. falciparum ADF1 lacks the F-actin binding residues of the AC consensus. Reverse genetics in the rodent malaria model system suggest that ADF1 performs vital functions during
Background: The teaching profession is considered as one of the most highly stressful professions. Indeed, teachers from many countries report high levels of stress and low levels of subjective well-being (e.g., low levels of positive affect and high levels of negative affect). In this context, a teachers’ affective profile might be an indication of their vulnerability for falling into counterprod
Bacterial arylmalonate decarboxylase (AMDase) and evolved variants have become a valuable tool with which to access both enantiomers of a broad range of chiral arylaliphatic acids with high optical purity. Yet, the molecular principles responsible for the substrate scope, activity, and selectivity of this enzyme are only poorly understood to date, greatly hampering the predictability and design of
An unprecedented upsurge in mpox, caused by clade I of the monkeypox virus (MPXV) was noted in Central Africa in 2024. The first mpox case with MPXV clade Ib outside Africa was reported in Sweden in mid-August. The case experienced a mild disease course after travelling to an affected country. No additional cases of this clade have been detected in Sweden. Strengthened public health measures and s
CD59 is a cell-surface inhibitor of the terminal step in the complement cascade. However, in addition to its complement inhibitory function, a non-canonical role of CD59 in pancreatic beta cells has been identified. Two recently discovered intracellular alternative splice forms of CD59, IRIS-1 and IRIS-2, are involved in insulin exocytosis through interactions with SNARE-complex components. In mic
Organ donation is a crucial aspect of healthcare, yet, the number of donors is insufficient to cover the demand for transplant procedures. In the European Union, around 15 people die each day waiting for a life-saving organ. National policies differ greatly among countries, but it is unclear how successful policies affect Deceased Organ Donation when introduced in other settings. This paper explor
Introduction: Antimicrobial resistance is a significant global health concern, particularly in western Sub-Saharan Africa. This study describes causes of bloodstream infections and antimicrobial resistance at a tertiary hospital in The Gambia. Methods: This retrospective analysis included all blood cultures performed at the Edward Francis Small Teaching Hospital, Banjul, The Gambia, from September
Studying how single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) crosstalk with non-autologous factors to cause complex autoimmune diseases is challenging. An amino acid replacement in the neutrophil cytosolic factor 1 (NCF1-339/NCF1R90H) leading to lower reactive oxygen species induction has been reported as the major SNP for systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). Here we show that infection with the murine noro
BACKGROUND: Lead is an established causal risk factor for coronary heart disease. Atherosclerosis may be the key mediator for this association, but evidence from studies in humans is limited. Our objective was to test the hypothesis that environmental lead exposure is associated with coronary atherosclerosis. METHODS: We used cross-sectional data from the SCAPIS (Swedish Cardiopulmonary Bioimage S
Background Breast cancer patients undergoing mastectomy are not well represented in studies evaluating the omission of completion axillary lymph node dissection (cALND) due to sentinel lymph node (SLN) metastases. Methods The prospective multicentre SENOMIC cohort trial included patients with breast cancer and SLN micrometastases between October 2013 and December 2022. Completion ALND was omitted
Antibodies are important for protection against malaria. For optimal protective activity, it is thought that antibodies need to have high affinity. A longitudinal study conducted in Uganda followed newborn infants and their mothers for nine months. The study found that antibody affinity (here measured as dissociation rate constant, kd) against the merozoite antigens AMA1 and MSP2 decreased from bi
Introduction: Mycobacteria have a unique hydrophobic membrane with several lipid-enriched layers that are low in permeability, setting them apart from other bacteria. This complex structure, consisting of three distinct layers is crucial for cell growth, virulence, and providing a barrier to antibiotics. Previously, we identified a plectasin variant, NZX, which showed activity against Mycobacteriu
Water scarcity is a global problem and refers to a situation where the demand for water exceeds the available quantity over a given period or if sufficient water is available, the quality of the water is poor and its use is limited. The issue of water scarcity is very complex and is affected by a wide range of natural and anthropogenic factors. Water scarcity can arise from different aspects: (i)
The process that generates the different types of highly differentiated cells in the immune system from hematopoietic stem cells involves not only the acquisition of lineage-specific features, but also the permanent repression of alternative developmental programs and the preservation of lineage identity. The well-charted developmental trajectory of early B-cell development, in combination with ab
This chapter draws on recent literature to outline the trajectory of China’s national development in the fields of gender equality and sexual and reproductive health and rights (SRHR), as well as its global engagement in these fields. By highlighting how Chinese national and global development agendas speak to and depart from each other, it attempts to identify potential synergies and contradictio
BACKGROUND: Rapeseed is the second most cultivated oilseed globally after soybean and a protein-rich press cake is generated after liberation of the oil. However, its use in food applications is limited by high levels of anti-nutrients such as glucosinolates and phytic acid. Although differences between botanical varieties are known, controlled comparisons of modern spring varieties for protein fu
