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Background: Immune checkpoint inhibitors are now a part of the treatment arsenal for triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) but refinement of PD-L1 as a prognostic and predictive biomarker is a clinical priority. We aimed to evaluate the relevance of novel PD-L1 immunohistochemical (IHC) thresholds in TNBC with regard to PD-L1 gene expression, prognostic value, tumor infiltrating lymphocytes (TILs),
Background: Children whose parents have alcohol use problems are at an increased risk of several negative consequences, such as poor school performance, an earlier onset of substance use, and poor mental health. Many would benefit from support programs, but the figures reveal that only a small proportion is reached by existing support. Digital interventions can provide readily accessible support a
We build a model to predict from first principles the properties of major mergers. We predict these from the coalescence of peaks and saddle points in the vicinity of a given larger peak, as one increases the smoothing scale in the initial linear density field as a proxy for cosmic time. To refine our results, we also ensure, using a suite of ∼400 power-law Gaussian random fields smoothed at ∼30 d
Objective: The association between work-related moderate-to-vigorous physical activity (MVPA) and higher levels of stress response is recognized, but whether this association is moderated by regular exercise remains unclear. This cross-sectional study investigated whether exercise-based physical activity (PA) associates with lower levels of stress responses moderated by work-related MVPA. Methods:
This chapter introduces the research presented in the volume. It starts by highlighting the importance of an individual-level perspective to understand how long-term economic and societal changes connected with industrialization and post-industrialization have affected individuals and families during the twentieth century and into the twenty-first century as these changes pertain to social class,
Objective: We compared the accuracy of amyloid and [18F]Flortaucipir (FTP) tau positron emission tomography (PET) visual reads for distinguishing patients with mild cognitive impairment (MCI) or dementia with fluid biomarker support of Alzheimer's disease (AD). Methods: Participants with FTP-PET, amyloid-PET, and diagnosis of dementia-AD (n = 102), MCI-AD (n = 41), non-AD diseases (n = 76), and co
With the explosive growth of communication traffic, increasing the modulation bandwidth of semiconductor lasers has attracted significant attention. However, after rapid progress is achieved, further increasing the modulation bandwidth of semiconductor lasers is hampered by the slow charge-carrier dynamics. Here, a room temperature, single-mode perovskite nanolaser with sub-picosecond pulses, enab
Electromechanical metal oxides, such as piezoceramics, are often incompatible with soft polymers due to their crystallinity requirements, leading to high processing temperatures. This study explores the potential of ceria-based thin films as electromechanical actuators for flexible electronics. Oxygen-deficient fluorites, like cerium oxide, are centrosymmetric nonpiezoelectric crystalline metal ox
Environmentally friendly InP-based quantum dots (QDs) are promising for light-emitting diodes (LEDs) and display applications. So far, the synthesis of highly emitting InP-based QDs via safe and economically viable amine-phosphine remains a challenge. Herein, we report the synthesis of amine-phosphine based InP/ZnSe/ZnS QDs by introducing an alloyed oxidation-free In-ZnSe transition layer (TL) at
We present a new instrument, "Boreas", a cryogen-free methane (CH4) preconcentration system coupled to a dual-laser spectrometer for making simultaneous measurements of δ13C(CH4) and δ2H(CH4) in ambient air. Excluding isotope ratio scale uncertainty, we estimate a typical standard measurement uncertainty for an ambient air sample of 0.07‰ for δ13C(CH4) and 0.9‰ for δ2H(CH4), which are the lowest r
Background: The diagnostic performance of the IOTA methods, the O-RADS lexicon, and the RMI has been validated in prospective and retrospective studies, but most validation studies tested the performance in the hands of experienced ultrasound examiners. Objective: To prospectively validate the performance of the Risk of Malignancy Index, the International Ovarian Tumor Analysis Simple Rules Risk M
Photo-induced dynamics of electronic processes are driven by the coupling between electronic and nuclear degrees of freedom. Here, we construct one- and two-dimensional organic-inorganic tin halides to investigate how dimensionality controls exciton-phonon coupling and exciton self-trapping. The results show that a one-dimensional system has strong exciton-phonon coupling leading to excitation-ind
BackgroundUmbilical cord arterial pH (UApH) is the most objective measurement of the metabolic condition of the infant at birth. However, studies have identified changes in UApH with advancing gestational age, as there is limited data examining UApH changes with different modes of birth. The objective was to establish reference values for UApH according to mode of birth and to investigate the infl
This paper presents findings from a transdisciplinary study exploring conditions for Inclusive Science Education (ISE) for children aged 0–16 from communities in vulnerability risk situation. A two-step literature review was conducted to identify inclusive teaching and learning interventions. The first phase applied a Scoping Review, followed by an Integrative Literature Review focusing on communi
Astrocytes play a crucial role in the onset and progression of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS), a fatal disorder marked by the degeneration of motor neurons (MNs) in the central nervous system. Although astrocytes in ALS are known to be toxic to MNs, the pathological changes leading to their neurotoxic phenotype remain poorly understood. In this study, we generated human astrocytes from induce
Background: Repetitive and monotonous work is often associated with neck pain, potentially resulting in sick leave and reduced productivity. Establishing appropriate muscle activity patterns, including duration and frequency of breaks that can prevent neck pain development, is important for providing workplace guidance. While several smaller studies addressing monotonous neck-loading work have ind
PurposeStreptococcus pyogenes is a cause of endometritis, a severe infection in women of reproductive age. S. pyogenes is classified into emm-types based on variations of the emm-gene. We aimed to compare the distribution of emm-types in endometritis to that of controls with bacteraemia, and to assess associations between emm-types and disease severity or clustering of cases.MethodsVaginal or cerv
This paper examines the impact of mutual inductance and parasitic capacitance on the phase-error performance for a class of CMOS quadrature voltage-controlled oscillators (QVCOs). Good agreement is found between theory, post-layout simulations, and measurement results. The QVCOs were implemented in a standard 0.35/spl mu/m CMOS process. All QVCOs display a center frequency of 2 GHz and a tuning ra
