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Miyake et al. (2012,2013) upptäckte en snabb ökning av 14C i träringar daterade till 774-5 och 992-3 vilket tillskrevs exceptionalla kosmik strålnings händelser. Dessa extrema partikel händelser har inget motstycke i instrumentala eller hstoriska arkiv och blev följdaktigen mycket uppmärksammade. Många studier har försöt koppla samman dessa två händelser med sol protonstormar (SPE), supernovor, gaMiyake et al. (2012, 2013) discovered rapid increases of 14C content in tree rings dated to AD 774-5 and AD 992-3 which were attributed to unprecedented cosmic-ray events. These extreme particle events have no counterparts in the instrumental and historical record and consequently praised great interest. Indeed, many studies have tentatively associated the two events to solar proton events (SPE),

This bachelor thesis main ambition is to develop a theoretical foundation that can provide plausible explanations to the relation between tourism and lack of political liberalization in less-developed and middle-income countries. The thesis identifies a number of unique features of tourism as a sociological and commercial phenomena. This conceptualization of tourism paves the way for the formulat

Current trends aim at improving the surface integrity of aerospace Ni-based superalloys by reducing the temperature rise in the cutting zone in order to minimize tool wear, as well as reducing the thermally induced tensile residual stresses on the machined surface. The manufacturing industry is also driven by developing high performance sustainable machining processes. Cryogenic machining (CM) usi

Moraxella catarrhalis is an airway pathogen whose role in infection has been increasingly recognized in recent years. Most authorities in this field now agree that M. catarrhalis causes significant morbidity and is not just a harmless commensal. The universal prevalence of BRO ?-lactamases in this pathogen is a serious concern. In addition, M. catarrhalis may be further propelled into a more promi

The rat urinary bladder responded to infravesical obstruction by an increased weight. The weight began to increase after 3 days of obstruction. After 10 days the weight gain had become significant, but increased further with time. At 90 days the bladders weighed 12 times the initial weight. Lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) activity per unit bladder weight increased with the duration of the obstruction.

In Papers One through Six we have investigated the function and integration of “new” neurons – new neurons born from neural stem cells in the adult brain, and new neurons in the sense that they were generated from fibroblasts. Papers One and Two focused on the new neurons generated from neural stem cells in the SVZ and SGZ after pathological insults. We investigated how the newly generated neuro

Background: Humoral immune responses to infectious agents or vaccination vary substantially among individuals, and many of the factors responsible for this variability remain to be defined. Current evidence suggests that human genetic variation influences (i) serum immunoglobulin levels, (ii) seroconversion rates, and (iii) intensity of antigen-specific immune responses. Here, we evaluated the imp

The moisture-dependency of the fracture energy for unmodified and acetylated Scots pine (Pinus sylvestris L.) and birch (Betula pendula Roth) has been investigated. Specimens were conditioned at relative humidity levels of 20, 75, and 97%, as well as dry and water-saturated. At moisture contents below 15%, the fracture energy increased with increasing moisture content for both unmodified and acety

Iron deficiency is a common cause of morbidity and can arise as a consequence or complication from many diseases. The use of intravenous iron has increased significantly in the last decade, but concerns remain about indications and administration. Modern intravenous iron preparations can facilitate rapid iron repletion in one or two doses, both for absolute iron deficiency and, in the presence of

This paper investigates how the characteristics of university laboratories influence the propensity of Ph.D. students to entrepreneurship, and thus, contribute to the transfer of academic knowledge to society. As determinants of Ph.D. entrepreneurship, we focus on the lab scientific and social capital as well as on the business experience that Ph.D. students acquire during their training period. T

The last decades have seen a renewed interest in the study of argumentation in archaeology, particularly in response to the overproduction of weak and unreliable interpretations and explanations. Concurrently, recent appeals for scientific transparency and efficiency in the management of archaeological information in digital form have stressed the necessity of explicitly showing the processes foll

(1) Background: Methyl-group donors (MGDs), including folate, choline, betaine, and methionine, may influence breast cancer (BC) risk through their role in one-carbon metabolism; (2) Methods: We studied the relationship between dietary intakes of MGDs and BC risk, adopting data from the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition (EPIC) cohort; (3) Results: 318,686 pre-and postmen

The sustainable management of the ocean as a global food source has been prominent in recent debates due to the disproportionate rate of human consumption, depletion of fish stocks and shortcomings in conservation efforts. Criticisms from various sectors on the effectiveness of Regional Fisheries Management Organizations (RFMO) in relation to their mandates have prompted performance reviews (PRs)

The goal of this contribution is to stimulate a wider reflection on the role of food consumption practices throughout prehistory. We focussed on the Jōmon communities of Hokkaidō Island in Northern Japan since these mobile foragers underwent a process of economic diversification and intensification, eventually leading to higher levels of sedentism across the Pleistocene-Holocene transition. Moreov

Despite some epidemiological evidence on the protective effects of polyphenol intake on epithelial ovarian cancer (EOC) risk from case-control studies, the evidence is scarce from prospective studies and non-existent for several polyphenol classes. Therefore, we aimed to investigate the associations between the intake of total, classes and subclasses of polyphenols and EOC risk in a large prospect

Introduction: The prevalence of arthropathy in moderate haemophilia A (MHA) and B (MHB) is not well known. Aim: We evaluated joint health in Nordic patients in relation to their treatment modality. Methods: A cross-sectional, multicentre study covering MHA and MHB in Sweden, Finland and Norway. Arthropathy was evaluated by ultrasound (HEAD-US) and Haemophilia Joint Health Score (HJHS). Results: We

Citrus intake has been suggested to increase the risk of skin cancer. Although this relation is highly plausible biologically, epidemiologic evidence is lacking. We aimed to examine the potential association between citrus intake and skin cancer risk. EPIC is an ongoing multi-center prospective cohort initiated in 1992 and involving ~ 520,000 participants who have been followed-up in 23 centers fr