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In vivo gene transfer using viral vectors is an emerging therapy for neurodegenerative diseases with a clinical impact recently demonstrated in Parkinson's disease patients. Recombinant adeno-associated viral (rAAV) vectors, in particular, provide an excellent tool for long-term expression of therapeutic genes in the brain. Here we used the [C-11] raclopride [(S)-(-)-3,5-dichloro-N-((1-ethyl-2-pyr

Popular Abstract in Swedish Diabetes kännetecknas av förhöjda halter av glukos i blodet och flera vanliga former förekommer. Typ 1 (T1D) diabetes är vanligast förekommande hos barnoch ungdomar och karakteriseras av att de insulin producerande cellerna (s.k. betacellerna) förstörs av kroppens eget immunförsvar, en autoimmun reaktion. Patienter med T1D diabetes kräver insulin för överlevnad och har T1D is most common in children and young adults and is characterized by autoimmune destruction of insulin producing pancreatic beta cells, presence of certain risk genotypes such as HLA-DQB1, INS VNTR, PTPN22 and need of insulin for survival. In adults the same situation is often referred to as Latent Autoimmune Diabetes in Adults (LADA), with age at onset after 35 years and non-insulin requiring

Several stilbenoid compounds having structural similarity to the combretastatin group of natural products and characterized by the incorporation of two nitrogen-bearing groups (amine, nitro, serinamide) have been prepared by chemical synthesis and evaluated in terms of biochemical and biological activity. The 2',3'-diamino B-ring analogue 17 demonstrated remarkable cytotoxicity against selected hu

Plasmacytoid dendritic cells (pDCs) efficiently produce large amounts of type I IFN in response to TLR7 and TLR9 ligands, whereas conventional DCs (cDCs) predominantly secrete high levels of the cytokines IL-10 and IL-12. The molecular basis underlying this distinct phenotype is not well understood. In this study, we identified the MAPK phosphatase Dusp9/MKP-4 by transcriptome analysis as selectiv

The existence of a vertical age gradient in the Milky Way disc has been indirectly known for long. Here, we measure it directly for the first time with seismic ages, using red giants observed by Kepler. We use Stromgren photometry to gauge the selection function of asteroseismic targets, and derive colour and magnitude limits where giants with measured oscillations are representative of the underl

The oomycete Phytophthora infestans is the causal agent of late blight in potato and tomato. Since the underlying processes that govern pathogenicity and development in P. infestans are largely unknown, we have performed a large-scale phosphoproteomics study of six different P. infestans life stages. We have obtained quantitative data for 2922 phosphopeptides and compared their abundance. Life-sta

Dysregulation of the von Hippel-Lindau/hypoxia-inducible transcription factor (HIF) signaling pathway promotes clear cell renal cell carcinoma (ccRCC) progression and metastasis. The protein kinase GAS6/AXL signaling pathway has recently been implicated as an essential mediator of metastasis and receptor tyrosine kinase crosstalk in cancer. Here we establish a molecular link between HIF stabilizat

Neuron-specific enolase (NSE) is a widely-used biomarker for prognostication of neurological outcome after cardiac arrest, but the relevance of recommended cutoff values has been questioned due to the lack of a standardized methodology and uncertainties over the influence of temperature management.

The globular cluster M15 was observed on three occasions with the High Resolution Camera on- board Chandra in 2001 in order to investigate the X- ray source population in the cluster centre. After subtraction of the two bright central sources, four faint sources were identified within 50 arcsec of the core. One of these sources is probably the planetary nebula K648, making this the first positive

I give a very short introduction to chiral perturbation theory and an overview of the next-to-next-to-leading order three-flavour calculations done. I discuss those relevant for an improvement in the accuracy of the measurement of V_us in more detail. One major conclusion is that all needed p⁶ low energy constants can be obtained from experiment via the scalar form-factor in K

Hjalmar Söderberg (1869–1941) published some seventy short stories in five collections, Historietter (1898), Främlingarna (1903), Det mörknar öfver vägen (1907), Den talangfulla draken (1913) and Resan till Rom (1929). The present study explores Söderberg’s short fiction from a genre-historical and genre-theoretical perspective. It investigates the characteristic traits of Söderberg’s short-story

Popular Abstract in Swedish Den här avhandlingen, vars kontext är staden Jönköping – känd som Smålands Jerusalem – och dess omnejd, vill besvara frågan: Hur utformades och användes berättelsen om missionen i Kina för att åstadkomma och upprätthålla missionsvänskapets hängivenhet? Det var vid skiftet mellan 1880- och 1890-talen, under växande arbetslöshet, bostadsnöd och fattigdom, med konfrontatioThis thesis intends to answer the question: How was the narrative of the mission in China formulated and used to engender and sustain the fervour of the friends of the mission in the 1890s? It was at this time, with growing unemployment, lack of housing, and of poverty – a time when new and challenging ideas emerge – that the interest in the missions to China awoke. The context of the missionary n

We present deep Hubble Space Telescope ACS observations of the G1 clump, a distinct stellar overdensity lying at similar to 30 kpc along the southwestern major axis of M31, close to the G1 globular cluster ( from the work of Ferguson and coworkers). Our well-populated color-magnitude diagram reaches similar to 7 mag below the red giant branch tip with 90% completeness, and allows the detection of

Popular Abstract in Swedish Vad är egentligen kristen etik? Hur lär människor sig vad som är rätt och fel? Varför förändras normer och värderingar? Sådana stora och viktiga frågor får en konkret belysning i denna avhandling som undersöker normer och värderingar i svensk frikyrklighet. Lite ironiskt sa man förr att frikyrkliga hade en "syndakatalog": de fick exempelvis inte snusa, dansa eller ha sThe dissertation describes and characterises ethical reflection in the Swedish Free Churches during the period from the 1930s to the 1990s. It is built primarily on two sources of material. The first one is a summary of discussions and statements on marriage, divorce and remarriage from books, journals and papers, mainly from two denominations: the Swedish Covenant Church and the Örebromission. Th

The electronic structure of GaAs (100) grown by low-temperature molecular beam epitaxy was investigated by means of photoemission spectroscopy. Slight differences are found in the valence band spectra of GaAs layers grown at different As-2/Ga flux ratios. Analysis of As 3d core level spectra does not indicate qualitative differences in respect to high temperature grown GaAs (100) layers. The Ga 3d

This study of stress-related antinuclear antibody (ANA) reactivity was undertaken with the objective of improving clinical ANA testing. ANA was determined by parallel enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays of crude nuclear protein antigen extracted from HEp-2 cells either grown under optimal conditions (providing nonstress ANA antigen) or exposed to stress (providing stress ANA antigen). The stress st

Popular Abstract in Swedish Studien behandlar bibelbruket i den grekiska systematiska samlingen av Apophthegmata Patrum ( kenfädernas tänkespråk). Efter en inledande genomgång av tidigare forskning på biblebruk i allmänhet och det i tänkespråken i synnerhet formuleras undersökningens syfte så: att beskriva hur bibeltexten kontextualiseras, dvs. hur texten infogas i den undervisning och de ideal soThis study is devoted to the use of the Bible in the Greek systematic collection of Apophthegmata Patrum (AP). After an introductory survey of earlier research on the use of Scripture in general, and that of AP in particular, the main purpose of the investigation is formulated: to describe how the Bible text is contextualized, i.e., how the text is integrated with the teachings and ideals in the s

The ESA space astrometry mission Gaia will measure the positions, parallaxes and proper motions of the 1 billion brightest stars on the sky. Expected accuracies are in the 725 as range down to 15 mag and sub-mas accuracies at the faint limit (20 mag). The astrometric data are complemented by low-resolution spectrophotometric data in the 3301000 nm wavelength range and, for the brighter stars, radi

BACKGROUND: Carriers of germline mutations in the BRCA2 gene are known to be at high risk of breast and ovarian cancers, but the risks of other cancers in mutation carriers are uncertain. We investigated these risks in 173 breast-ovarian cancer families with BRCA2 mutations identified at 20 centers in Europe and North America.METHODS: Other cancer occurrence was determined in a final cohort of 372

Wegener's granulomatosis (WG) and microscopic polyangiitis (MPA) are both frequently associated with antineutrophil cytoplasmic autoantibodies (ANCA). Immunosuppressive treatment has dramatically improved outcome for these patients, but today we have to deal with the problems of relapses, cases refractory to treatment, and long-term side effects of therapy. This study comprises a consecutive serie