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Background: Overnight fasting is often prolonged before scheduled surgery, and the extent of perioperative fluid replacement may influence outcome. In clinical practice, basic requirements are estimated at 1.2-2.0 mL·kg−1·h−1, but there is little contemporary clinical data on what deficits result from complete fasting. This prospective preclinical study was designed to determine total fluid loss d

Background: In the Swedish population aged between 50 and 64 years only 7.1% reach the recommended level of physical activity. Physical activity on prescription (PAP) has been used in Sweden since the beginning of the twenty-first century with moderate adherence of approximately 50%. Mindfulness seems to affect motivation to and satisfaction with physical activity. The aim is to test the feasibili

RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS: We studied participants in PROVALID (PROspective cohort study in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus for VALIDation of biomarkers), a prospective multinational cohort study of patients with type 2 diabetes and a follow-up of more than 24 months (n = 2,560; baseline median eGFR, 84 mL/min/1.73 m2; urine albumin-to-creatinine ratio, 8.1 mg/g). The 17 biomarkers were m

Background: Video capsule endoscopy (VCE) is a noninvasive method enabling excellent visualization of the small bowel (SB) mucosa. The aim of this study was to examine the impact and safety of VCE performed in children and adolescents with suspected or established Crohn’s disease (CD). Methods: A total of 180 VCE examinations in 169 consecutive patients conducted in 2003–14 in a single center were

BackgroundClinical Health Promotion activities contribute to the reduction of disease and treatment, and improve outcomes and prognosis. Accordingly, major health determinants such as smoking, physical inactivity, risk of malnutrition, overweight and hazardous drinking should be easily identified in the medical records. To that end, this study evaluates a simple 9 question health documentation mod

The electrochemical and electrical properties of geometrically defined electrolyte-filled microelectrodes were studied at various transelectrode current passages, using radiotracer (38Cl and 42K) and electrical techniques. Geometrically, the electrodes were defined by their tip properties that, for standard (single-barrelled, 3.0 M KCl-filled, approximately 10 M[ohm]) electrodes implied a tip open

Groundwater contamination by nitrate is a common problem in many parts of the world. The agriculturally important Shimabara district in Nagasaki, Japan, is experiencing this problem. The general source of drinking water of the study area is groundwater and consequently the nitrate contamination is a significant problem. For this reason, a groundwater investigation was performed and water samples w

Existing criteria recommended by ACC/ESC for identifying patients with ST-elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI) from the 12-lead ECG perform with high specificity (SP), but low sensitivity (SE). In our previous study, we found that the SE of acute ischemia detection can be markedly improved without any loss of SP by calculating, from the 12-lead ECG, ST elevation in 3 vessel-specific leads (VSLs

Succinic acid production from the monosaccharides xylose, arabinose, glucose, mannose and galactose was studied using the bacterium Actinobacillus succinogenes. In Duran bottle cultures, containing 10 g/L of each of sugar, succinic acid was produced from all sugars except for galactose. The highest succinate yield, 0.56 g/g, was obtained with glucose, whereas the succinate yield was 0.42, 0.38 and

In the past decades, numeracy has taken an increasingly important place in the study of human capital formation, as well as in literacy studies and studies on formal education and book production. In order to understand levels of education, scholars have recently tried to develop new ways to measure the level of education, particularly because it has since become apparent that the measures of lite

In this population-based, case-control study from Sweden using data collected from 1988 to 1990, an increased risk of melanoma was associated with the number of sunburns, propensity to freckle, the number of raised naevi and a family history of melanoma. Furthermore, a decreased risk was associated with occupational sun exposure. The purpose of this study was to investigate whether different histo

We prospectively investigated anti-Müllerian hormone (AMH) as a measure of ovarian insult in young females during and after treatment for Wilms tumor (WT), osteosarcoma (OS), and Ewing sarcoma (ES). Twenty-one female childhood cancer patients, with a mean age of 7.9 years (range 0.6-17), entered the study. Levels of AMH, follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH), and luteinizing hormone were monitored at

Previous studies have suggested that a high intake of sugar-sweetened beverages is positively associated with the risk of a coronary event. However, a few studies have examined the association between sucrose (the most common extrinsic sugar in Sweden) and incident coronary events. The objective of the present study was to examine the associations between sucrose intake and coronary event risk and

BACKGROUND AND AIMS: Prospective and population-based studies on the incidence of acute pancreatitis (AP) are lacking. Alcohol consumption has increased considerably in Iceland during the last decade. We aimed to determine the incidence, etiology, severity, and complications of AP and compare the results with a previous study on AP in Iceland.METHODS: A prospective population-based study of patien

BACKGROUND: There is currently little evidence regarding the selection of patients for clinical trials in Parkinson's Disease (PD), especially those involving experimental therapies delivered using invasive techniques.OBJECTIVE: Understanding which patients are recruited will increase awareness of issues regarding parity of access to clinical trials and have an impact on the wider applicability of

Tau positron emission tomography ligands provide the novel possibility to image tau pathology in vivo. However, little is known about how in vivo brain uptake of tau positron emission tomography ligands relates to tau aggregates observed post-mortem. We performed tau positron emission tomography imaging with 18F-AV-1451 in three patients harbouring a p.R406W mutation in the MAPT gene, encoding tau