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We show that the formation of the wetting layer and the experimentally observed continuous shift of the H2O-OH balance toward molecular water at increasing coverage on a TiO2(110) surface can be rationalized on a molecular level. The mechanism is based on the initial formation of stable hydroxyl pairs, a repulsive interaction between these pairs, and an attractive interaction with respect to water
Measurements are presented of the properties of high transverse momentum jets, produced in proton-proton collisions at a center-of-mass energy of root s = 7 TeV. The data correspond to an integrated luminosity of 35 pb(-1) and were collected with the ATLAS detector in 2010. Jet mass, width, eccentricity, planar flow and angularity are measured for jets reconstructed using the anti-k(t) algorithm w
This work presents a new mathematical formulation of biologically effective dose (BED) for radiation therapy where effects of repair need to be considered. The formulation is based on the observation that the effects of repair, both during protracted irradiation and of incomplete repair between fractions, can be written using a convolution, i.e. [Formula: see text] where T is the total irradiation
Hydration free energy calculations are often used to validate molecular simulation methodologies and molecular mechanics force fields. We use the free-energy perturbation method together with the AMOEBA polarizable force field and the Poltype parametrization protocol to predict the hydration free energies of 52 molecules as part of the SAMPL4 blind challenge. For comparison, similar calculations a
Changes in pollen and spore assemblages across the Cretaceous-Paleogene (K-Pg) boundary elucidate the vegetation response to a global environmental crisis triggered by an asteroid impact in Mexico 66 Ma. The Cretaceous-Paleogene boundary clay, associated with the Chicxulub asteroid impact event, constitutes a unique, global marker bed enabling comparison of the world-wide palynological signal span
Adoption of ECMR 4064/89 filled a lacuna in European Merger Control. One of the key objectives behind the ECMR is to prevent a concentration leading to the creation or strengthening of a dominant position which may lead to the prohibition in Article 2 (3).The Commission of the European Communities gained some significant powers in order to protect the competitive structure of Common Market. But, A
The European project has, since its birth in the 1950´s, transformed into a supranational organization with strong constitutional features. The current legal order of the Union has developed into a complex system that is hard to comprehend. Together with the enlargement eastwards, the need for a simplified European Treaty has been intensified. Today, the debate about a European constitution is a t
Created in the aftermath of the Second World War, the main task of the UN is the maintenance of international peace and security. Although the UN Charter, signed in San Francisco in 1945, has remained almost the same, the world has changed. In order to adapt the Charter to new upcoming problems two main possibilities exist. The Charter can either be changed itself, following the procedure set fort
This master thesis was a project in cooperation with Höganäs AB. The aim was to increase the apparent density (AD) of two biomass chars, by three different agglomeration methods. The reason for the investigation is that biomass char could be used as a reducing agent in the sponge iron process at Höganäs AB. The goal was to exchange anthracite in the reduction mixture to agglomerated biomass char.
This study examines the impact of sky-bridges, as an egress component, on total evacuation of a high-rise building by using an evacuation model named Pathfinder. Five scenarios, with different combination of aspects such as height of the building, number of sky-bridges (and the subsequent inter-distance between them), and people allocation have been simulated. The comparison between the results fr
Sensing temperature is important for identifying preferable temperatures and avoiding dangerous extremes. The cold pain limit of mammals in general is estimated to approximately 12 °C. I reasoned that such a skin temperature is unlikely to be sustainable in colder climates and studied cold-adapted dogs in northern Sweden using thermography. Skin temperature on the rhinarium (naked nose tip) was 2.
It is a common practise to quote option prices using their BlackScholes implied volatility. A volatility surface describes an options implied volatility as a function of the strike price and time to maturity. It can be used as a tool for hedging but also valuation when prices are not directly observable. The short-term evolution of this surface has been described by a variety of apocryphal rules.
This thesis work is part of a larger project with final goal to be able to measure the oxygen concentration in the lungs of infants, using non-invasive laser spectroscopy. This thesis is specifically dealing with simulations of light transport through the upper body of infants, as well as constructing a tissue-like model (phantom) that can be used in experiments. The goal is to use these simulatio
In August 2017, a deadly crackdown by Myanmar’s army on Rohingya Muslims sent hundreds of thousands fleeing across the border into Bangladesh. The situation in Myanmar has escalated over the last few years. Mass displacements of refugees, sustained allegations of crimes against humanity, and a large-scale intervention has propelled the conflict to centre stage of international human rights. The si
Inspired by centuries of activists who used creative writing as a tool to encourage reflections and inspire change, this thesis looks at the possibility of poetry to be used as an environmental justice tool. In particular the ability of poetry from Nigeria to engage Dutch people with problems around Shell’s exploitation of the Niger Delta and its people, is investigated. Using decolonial and Criti
Data compression methods allow more data to be stored within a certain storage framework while still keeping the characteristics of the data in question. At the Large Hadron Collider on the grounds of CERN in Switzerland, limited data storage capability is and has always been an urgent problem. At the ATLAS experiment, one technique which allows researchers to save more data within the same storag
