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To make autonomous, affordable ships feasible in the real world, they must be capable of safely navigating without fully relying on GPS, high-resolution 3D maps, or high-performance navigation sensors. We suggest a method for estimating the position using affordable navigation sensors (compass and speed log or inertial navigation sensor), sensors used for perception of the environment (cameras, ec
Recent advances in autonomous vehicles present new opportunities in Intelligent transportation systems (ITS) to address urban transport challenges. Therefore, urban traffic scenarios, and in particular intersections as a bottleneck of transportation network, has received significant attention. In this paper we investigate intelligent traffic control mechanisms for autonomous vehicles at intersecti
This experience article describes lessons learned as we conducted experiments in a Kubernetes‐based environment, the most notable of which was that the performance of both the Kubernetes control plane and the deployed application depends strongly and in unexpected ways on the performance of the etcd database. The article contains (a) detailed descriptions of how networking with and without Istio w
This article reports work-in-progress of a parallel kinematic robot development for construction with main focus on the concept phase. We suppose the weight distribution of the proposed structure enables integration of robotic components into construction equipment while enabling tailoring of important characteristics such as accuracy, stiffness and workspace toward application needs.We describe c
An area and power efficient high-throughput VLSI implementation of a 4 × 4, 64-QAM soft multiple-input-multiple-output (MIMO) detector, that is suitable for high-order constellation schemes is presented. The proposed MIMO detector utilizes information contained in the discarded paths to improve the bit-error-rate (BER) performance, and then reduces computational complexity using three innovative i
The pervasive use and insatiable demand for high-performance wireless devices globally are driving the development of new communication technologies and standards. In this chapter, we present advancements in the area of terminal antenna systems and describe how they play a major role in enabling strict performance requirements to be met in future systems. As opposed to conventional systems that do
An on-chip, low power, and area efficient charge-pump (CP) that generates a multiple of the supply voltage (VDD) in a single clock cycle is presented. The proposed CP utilizes parallel cross-connected CP units, which are implemented using MIM (metal-insulator-metal) capacitors. In the target application, i.e., a sub-threshold SRAM, the capacitors are accommodated on top of the memory banks to remo
This paper presents a 10-bit SAR ADC with a sampling rate of 200 MS/s. To reduce area and power consumption, the ADC adopts a split-capacitor DAC, where the gain error is estimated and subsequently removed by means of a PRBS signal injected into the DAC and detected at the ADC output. The ADC has been designed and fabricated in a 22nm FD-SOI CMOS process, and achieves an SNDR of 48.7 dB and an SFD
This paper analyzes the bit conversion errors in high speed SAR ADCs and proposes a design method to minimize their impact on the ADC performance. By removing the SR latch from the output stage of the differential comparator, while using only one comparator output to generate the differential signals for the internal capacitive DAC, sparkle-code errors are avoided, and conversion errors from a pre
The performance of broadband microwave 40 W and 55 W LDMOS integrated power amplifiers is reported. A 30 V LDMOS process with 500 nm gate length was used for the design. Single and dual die packages were evaluated. A dual die package provides flexibility in output power and efficiency depending on combiner topology at the input and output of the circuit. Different saturated power and efficiency ar
Multiplexing efficiency has recently been proposed as a performance metric for characterizing the absolute efficiency of MIMO antennas in a reference channel. In this work, we generalize this metric to account for arbitrary propagation channels, so the impact of the channel can also be studied. Using the extended definition of multiplexing efficiency, the respective roles of effective antenna gain
As a cost-effective option for Cloud consumers, spot service has been considered to be a significant supplement for building a full-fledged market economy for the Cloud ecosystem. However, unlike the static and straightforward way of trading on-demand and reserved Cloud services, the market-driven regulations of employing spot service could be too complicated for Cloud consumers to comprehensively
Evaluating SAR for multi-antennas is difficult and impractical due to the arbitrary power allocation and phase of the electric fields from different antennas causing the total field to change randomly. In this context, a simplified approach was recently proposed for assessing SAR when more than one antenna is transmitting simultaneously. The metric of time averaged simultaneous peak SAR (TASPS) wa
In this paper, we study the performance of precoding schemes for cooperative transmission of multiple coherent base stations (BSs) that allow for overlapped clustering in a measured urban macrocellular environment at 2.66 GHz, in order to verify previous findings obtained by using simulated channel data. The evaluated precoding schemes include zero-forcing (ZF), layered virtual signal-to-interfere
This paper presents results based on polarimetric radio channel measurements at 60 GHz in a small room and in an empty, unfurnished, medium-sized room. The measurements in the small meeting room were performed using dual-polarized virtual antenna array elements at both the transmitter and receiver sides and includes LOS and NLOS scenarios. In the unfurnished room, a directional horn antenna was sc
Ego-motion estimation is an important step towards fully autonomous mobile robots. In this paper we propose the use of an initial but automatic camera tilt calibration, which transforms the subsequent motion estimation to a 2D rigid body motion problem. This transformed problem is solved 2-optimally using RANSAC and a two-point method for rigid body motion. The method is experimentally evaluated u
