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This thesis focuses on algorithms and proofs of concepts in the area of wireless systems operating with a large number of antennas, especially at the base station side.The first studied topic concerns the design and implementation of massive multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) testbeds, primarily for communications. This is an entirely new engineering challenge on its own, due to the unprecedent
The optimal spectral efficiency and number of independent channels for MIMO antennas in isotropic multipath channels are investigated when bandwidth requirements are placed on the antenna. By posing the problem as a convex optimization problem restricted by the port Q-factor a semi-analytical expression is formed for its solution. The antennas are simulated by method of moments and the solution is
It has been suggested that sugar intake may play a role in the development of atherosclero-sis. However, studies on this matter are lacking. Intima media thickness (IMT) is a well-established measurement of subclinical atherosclerosis. This study aimed to investigate the cross-sectional association between sugar intake (i.e., added, free and total sugar and sugar-rich foods and beverages) and IMT.
Reliable safe water supply is a pillar of society and a key to public health. The Nordic countries have an abundance of clean fresh water as a source for drinking water supplies. They have followed developments in safeguarding water, both the recommendations of the World Health Organization framework for safe drinking water and European legislation. Worldwide, including the Nordic countries, small
PURPOSE: To explore the frequency and outcomes of cataract surgery in eyes with previous vitrectomy. SETTING: Fifteen European countries. DESIGN: Retrospective cross-sectional register-based study. METHODS: The European Registry of Quality Outcomes of Cataract and Refractive Surgery (EUREQUO) contains data on baseline characteristics, surgery, and follow-up for cataract surgeries. Previous vitrect
Automated decision-making is prevalent in numerous areas of the public sector. Based on the results of a qualitative, event-based study of how robotic process automation (RPA) is discussed and implemented in social work in Sweden, two questions are answered in this paper: What actors, intentions and network formations appear in the dissemination of RPA in the management of applications for social
Cloud computing has emerged as a key technology in the latest decade and continues to be applied to manage the computing needs of new domains. As a result, the requirements on predictable behavior in the cloud increase, thus the hosted applications need to be recognized as both fault-tolerant and responsive even under difficult conditions.In this thesis, new modeling methods and decision-making st
Cell-Free networking is one of the prime candidatesfor 6G networks. Despite being capable of providing the 6Gneeds, practical limitations and considerations are often neglectedin current research. In this work, we introduce the conceptof federations to dynamically scale and select the best set ofresources, e.g., antennas, computing and data resources, to servea given application. Next to communica
At the same time as our dependence on IT systems increases, the number of reports of problems caused by failures of critical IT systems has also increased. Today, almost every societal system or service, e.g., water supply, power supply, transportation, depends on IT systems, and failures of these systems have serious and negative effects on society. In general, public organizations are responsibl
Using NMR and Monte Carlo (MC) methods, we investigate the stability and dynamics of superoxide dismutase 1 (SOD1) in homogeneous crowding environments, where either bovine pancreatic trypsin inhibitor (BPTI) or the B1 domain of streptococcal protein G (PGB1) serves as a crowding agent. By NMR, we show that both crowders, and especially BPTI, cause a drastic loss in the overall stability of SOD1 i
Previous high-risk family designs in psychiatry have focused largely on offspring of affected parents. We take a pedigree-based approach and examine the social, psychological, and psychiatric features of offspring from extended pedigrees selected for high-densities of alcohol use disorder (AUD) or drug abuse (DA). We identified, from the Swedish population, 665,715 pedigrees containing a mean of 1
Syftet med studien var att undersöka förhållandet mellan självförverkligande, socialt jämförande och motivation. För socialt jämförande mättes både en generell benägenhet och benägenhet att jämföra i olika riktningar (uppåt eller nedåt). Den operationella definitionen för motivation utgick ifrån de kausalitetsorienteringar som återfinns inom self-determination theory. Datainsamling skedde i form aThe purpose of this study was to investigate the relationship between self actualization, social comparison, including upward and downward comparison, and different types of motivation as defined by the proposed causality orientations within self determination theory. Data was acquired through a survey distribution. The sample consisted of a convenience sample (N=131). The results, from a correlat
Due to human-induced environmental changes, many natural populations are undergoing extensive fitness declines. Natural or sexual selection could potentially shift the phenotypic mean of critical traits towards new phenotypic optima, promoting evolutionary rescue. However, this process has rarely been studied in natural populations. Furthermore, the population fitness can also be increased by gene
Since the European Union’s inception, creating a well functioning, competitive and integrated market has been at the heart of the Unions project. The four freedoms, free movement of persons, goods, services and capital, which led to the opening of the boarders, have been one of the main forces behind growth in Europe. Today, Europe has become the world’s biggest economy and the Single Market is it
