Filtyp
Fuel production from renewable resources will likely be a prerequisite for reducing the negative anthropogenic impact on the environment and, at the same time, ensuring future energy security. In this thesis, the conversion of typical Swedish biomass, mainly Norway spruce, to ethanol was studied. The first part of the work focused on the degradation of biomass to fermentable sugars. More specifica
Abstract in UndeterminedThe recent contribution by Benjamin Sovacool proposes 20 dimensions and 320 indicators of energy security in Asia. However, the method for identifying these dimensions and indicators – 64 semi-structured interviews – has three shortcomings. First, Asian policy makers responsible for energy security are absent from the pool of respondents dominated by academics. Second, no p
Texas has rapidly emerged as one of the leading wind power markets in the United States. This development can be largely traced to a well-designed and carefully implemented renewables portfolio standard (RPS). The RPS is a new policy mechanism that has received increasing attention as an attractive approach to support renewable power generation. Though replacing existing renewable energy policies
Biological hydrogen production using dark fermentation has been proposed as an alternative and renewable way of producing hydrogen from biomass. However, theoretically, the conversion of biomass to biohydrogen using dark fermentation only utilizes one third of the energy content of the sugars derived from starch or cellulose; the rest being in the form of organic acids also produced by the microor
An integrated biological process for the production of hydrogen based on thermophilic and photo-heterotrophic fermentation was evaluated from a technical and economic standpoint. Besides the two fermentation steps the process also includes pretreatment of the raw material (potato steam peels) and purification of hydrogen using amine absorption. The study aimed neither at determining the absolute c
With the concern about global warming, air pollution and energy security, the prospect of using polymer electrolyte fuel cells (PEFCs) in future sustainable and renewable energy conversion systems has achieved substantial momentum. Dimensionless numbers can be determined before construction of a model is started, to make simple estimations on the transport processes, for example, within the porous
The European Union plays a globally influential role in environmental legislation, with policies and regulation rooted in particular norms. Through a narrative on regulatory capitalism, ecological modernization, and diffusion, we trace how the promotion of renewable energy in transport through subsidies, mandatory targets, and prescriptive criteria for liquid biofuels mobilize social forces for it
There is a significant infrastructure in the world for using liquefiedpetroleum gas (LPG). The fuel is used in many applications, spanningfrom heating to chemical processes as well as a vehicle fuel. To be able touse this infrastructure also after a transition from fossil to renewablesources, a technology for producing LPG from such resources (glycerol,cellulose etc.) is being developed. This repo
Energy conservation is a large part of the NLO corrections to BFKL. A formalism is presented which includes effects of energy-momentum conservation in the dipole formalism in transverse coordinate space. Energy conservation gives a very strong suppression at small x, which implies that the effect of multi-pomeron exchange and saturation are pushed to very small x-values or very high energies. Pert
We all need to contribute to a more sustainable development – a fact that has become quite clear observing extreme weathers and diminishing fossil fuel sources. In line with the 12 Principles of Green Chemistry [1], (recommending the use of safer solvents, catalysed reactions, energy efficient processes and renewable feedstocks), research within the SuReTech program aims at developing technologies
Reducing energy use, increasing the use of renewable energy sources, and adapting to stricter building regulations and certification systems – these are all examples of the challenges facing the building industry and society. Looking at the energy supply at a larger scale than a single building, like a neighborhood or a city, the stack effect of peak power demands can cause problems on the product
This thesis investigates III – V semiconductor nanowire (NW) arrays, with the aim to develop and improve NW photovoltaic devices. Solar cells made from arrays of NWs are investigated as candidates for next generation photovoltaics. They promise to deliver the high efficiencies of III – V planar semiconductor solar cells, while the cost of the cells could be significantly reduced, due to the much l
Inom Europa beskriver begreppet energifattigdom de kompromisser som hushållkan möta avseende att å ena sidan ha en tillräckligt uppvärmd bostad, och å andrasidan ha råd med övriga omkostnader. I Sverige har begreppet tidigare inte använts, och kanske heller inte behövts. Men i december 2021 steg elpriserna till nivåer som gjorde att vissa hushåll, där en rad riskfaktorer sammanstrålade, plötsligt
Effekten av vindkraftens tillväxt är att vi i dag producerar mer el än vad vi behöver även då vi lagt ner flera kärnkraftverk. Klimatomställningen via elektrifiering pekar på ett fördubblat elbehov till 2045. Detta kräver mycket ny elproduktion. Och potentialen att bygga ut ny vindkraft är tillräcklig för att täcka behovet. Ny kärnkraft kan också bidra men kan tidigast vara i gång 2030 om inte sen
In this book, energy consumption in the household sector is examined. Barriers to and enablers of energy efficiency in households in relation to governmental policy formulation, the implementation and appropriation of technology are discussed. This represents a shift away from the conventional focus on energy supply toward a focus on energy use in everyday life. This shift is urgently needed, sinc
1. IntroductionThe starting point of modern biotechnology is often defined by the production of lactic acid by Pasteur in 1857 and the discovery of penicillin by Fleming in 1928. During this first wave of biotechnological processes moved production of e.g. antibiotics and amino acids from laboratory to industrial scale. The second wave of biotechnological processes started with the discovery of th
A new influenza virus that was first detected in people in April 2009, was initially referred to colloquially as "swine flu", since it contained genes from swine, avian and human influenza viruses. It can, however, not be transmitted by eating pork or dealing with pigs. In Egypt, several hundred thousand pigs were killed in May, in spite of advice from global health authorities that such an action
