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The road freight sector’s significant contribution to greenhouse gas emissions necessitates emission mitigating strategies to meet climate targets, such as the Paris Agreement’s goal of 43% emission reduction. While Battery Electric Trucks (BETs) show great potential to reach these goals, their successful integration hinges on optimization and route planning. This thesis investigates the condition
To promote sustainable manufacturing and lower industrial emissions, GE HealthCare is constantly assessing new approaches to improve their production processes. As a global manufacturer of contrast media, their potential for positive societal impact is significant. In addition to sustainability, a pharmaceutical production process is required to deliver products of high purity. This means that the
In times of rising inflation, global unrest and shifting societal values, much of the public and academic focus has been on how economically vulnerable groups adapt their consumption. However, less attention has been paid to high-income earners who are often assumed to remain unaffected by economic fluctuations. This thesis investigates how high-income individuals in Sweden navigate their everyday
The protection afforded to registered trademarks and the protection afforded to freedom of expression can lead to tension between the two rights, this tension originates from the shift of trademarks from being an identifier to that of a communicator. This shift has resulted in a protection that goes beyond likelihood of confusion, trademark functions have expanded from that of origin to now encomp
Dry powder inhalers (DPIs) are widely used to treat respiratory diseases such as asthma and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). The performance of DPI formulations is influenced by the properties of the active pharmaceutical ingredient (API), but systematic comparative studies of different APIs under the same processing conditions remain limited. This study investigated the effects of di
Sentinel lymph node biopsy (SLNB) remains the standard method for axillary staging in breast cancer. However,for the majority of patients with early breast cancer, it offers no treatment benefit and carries a risk of long-termside effects. In the era of surgical de-escalation, reliable preoperative assessment of axillary lymph node metastasis isessential to avoid overtreatment and support treatmen
Antipsychotic drugs (APD) are commonly prescribed to people living with dementia (PwD) to manage behavioral and psychological symptoms of dementia (BPSD), despite well-documented safety concerns. International guidelines recommend non-pharmacological interventions as first-line treatment, yet APDs remain widely used. This systematic review and meta-analysis synthesize current evidence on the conse
Background: This study aimed to explore how the physical and social environment of a neighbourhood influenced the physical activity of children from the perspective of children and caregivers. It used a low-income neighbourhood in Beijing as the setting and focused on children in middle childhood. Methods: Guided by the Urban Ecological Model for Environment and Health Behaviour, semi-structured i
Background: Spirometry, the main tool for diagnosis and follow-up of COPD, incompletely describes the disease. Based on volumetric capnography (VCap), an index was developed for the diagnosis and grading of COPD, aimed as a complement or alternative to spirometry. Methods: Nine non-smokers, 10 smokers/former smokers without COPD and 54 smokers/ former smokers with COPD were included in the study.
The synthesis and structural characterization of the hitherto unknown parent Co(bz)2 + (bz=benzene) complex and several of its derivatives are described. Their synthesis starts either from a CoCO5 + salt, or directly from Co2(CO)8 and a Ag+ salt. Stability and solubility of these complexes was achieved by using the weakly coordinating anions
Genes determining the bovine erythrocyte antigens were mapped by linkage analysis. In total 9591 genotypes of 20 grandsire families with 1074 sires from a grand-daughter design were elucidated for the genes determining the erythrocyte antigens EAA, EAB, EAC, EAF, EAJ, EAL, EAM, EAN′, EAR′, EAS, EAT′, and EAZ according to standard paternity testing procedures in the blood typing laboratories. Linka
Stricter building regulations have resulted in the construction of buildings with a low energy use during the operation phase. It has now become increasingly important to also look at the embodied energy, because it might, over the lifespan of the building, equal the energy used for operating the building. One way to decrease the embodied energy is to reuse building materials and components or to
We provide a natural resource explanation for the divergence of the Portuguese economy relative to other European countries before the Second World War, based on a considerable body of contemporary sources. First, we demonstrate that a lack of domestic resources meant that Portugal experienced limited and unbalanced growth during the age of steam. Imports of coal were prohibitively expensive for i
