Sökresultat

BACKGROUND: There was a decrease 1982-2001 in smoking during early pregnancy in Swedish women. We sought to determine whether there was a parallel decrease in socio-economic inequality in smoking. METHODS: Registry data indicating educational level and smoking status at first antenatal visit in all 2,022,469 pregnancies in Sweden 1982-2001 was analysed. Prevalence differences, odds ratios based on

Type 2 diabetes (T2D) is a global pandemic. Genome-wide association studies (GWASs) have identified >100 genetic variants associated with the disease, including a common variant in the melatonin receptor 1 b gene (MTNR1B). Here, we demonstrate increased MTNR1B expression in human islets from risk G-allele carriers, which likely leads to a reduction in insulin release, increasing T2D risk. Accordin

OBJECTIVE-To develop a model for the prediction of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) risk on the basis of a multivariate logistic model and 1-h plasma glucose concentration (1-h PG). RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS-The model was developed in a cohort of 1,562 non-diabetic subjects from the San Antonio Heart Study (SAHS) and validated in 2,395 nondiabetic subjects in the Botnia Study. A risk score on the

L-type voltage-gated Ca2+ channels are expressed in the plasma membrane of muscles, neurons and endocrine cells where they serve as conductors of signals regulating cellular responses to changes in environment. Malfunctions of channels, as well as deregulations of their activity underlie numerous disorders and diseases commonly called channelopathies. In β-cells Ca2+ channels are central players f

OBJECTIVES: To estimate the total direct medical costs to society for patients with type 2 diabetes in Sweden and to investigate how different factors, for example diabetic late complications, affect costs. DESIGN: Cross-sectional data regarding health care utilization, clinical characteristics and quality of life, were collected at a single time-point. Data on resource use cover the 6-month perio

Islet function is regulated by a number of different signals. A main signal is generated by glucose, which stimulates insulin secretion and inhibits glucagon secretion. The glucose effects are modulated by many factors, including hormones, neurotransmitters and nutrients. Several of these factors signal through guanine nucleotide-binding protein (G protein)-coupled receptors (GPCR). Examples of is

Diabetes mellitus invariably involves impaired regulation of insulin secretion from pancreatic β cells, as a result of unfavourable environmental influences in combination with aberrant expression of risk genes at either the transcriptional or the translational level. A recent report in Nature Metabolism explores a novel role of mRNA methylation in β-cell function and suggests that its downregulat

Retinitis pigmentosa (RP) is an inherited disorder that results in vision impairment that specific therapeutic strategies are not available. However, it is widely regarded that the cGMP system, including cGMP and its interactor cGMP-dependent protein kinase (PKG), acts as a crucial effector during retinal degeneration. We have previously identified a list of cGMP-PKG-dependent genes in the context

The project "Silent Timber Build" will develop new prediction tools for timber structures. There are several challenges that have to be overcome to provide a full prediction tool. The differences in weight, stiffness and density for wooden structures compared to traditional, heavy and more homogeneous structural material have repercussions on how the sound propagates throughout the structures, aff

The flavour-tagging algorithms developed by the ATLAS Collaboration and used to analyse its dataset of s=13 TeV pp collisions from Run 2 of the Large Hadron Collider are presented. These new tagging algorithms are based on recurrent and deep neural networks, and their performance is evaluated in simulated collision events. These developments yield considerable improvements over previous jet-flavou

Diabetes typ 2 är en folksjukdom som ständigt ökar i världen där miljöfaktorer och levnadsvanor är de främsta bidragande orsakerna till sjukdomen. Syftet var att utifrån ett patientperspektiv identifiera barriärer och förutsättningar för sjuksköterskans främjande av egenvård. Litteraturstudien grundar sig på 10 kvalitativa intervjustudier. Teman som framkom utifrån barriärer i resultatet var indiv