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Defaulter tracing policies for Prevention of Mother-to-Child Transmission (PMTCT) services are vital for achieving the global goal of zero new HIV infections. However, little is known about their implementation. This qualitative study explores the role of tracers—community volunteers, retention workers, and mentor mothers—in implementing such policy across six facilities in Western Kenya. It uses Defaulter tracing policies for Prevention of Mother-to-Child Transmission (PMTCT) services are vital for achieving the global goal of zero new HIV infections. However, little is known about their implementation. This qualitative study explores the role of tracers—community volunteers, retention workers, and mentor mothers—in implementing such policy across six facilities in Western Kenya. It uses

Objectives: The aim of this study was to develop a model that can discriminate between different etiologies of abnormal uterine bleeding. Design: The International Endometrial Tumor Analysis 1 study is a multicenter observational diagnostic study in 18 bleeding clinics in 9 countries. Consecutive women with abnormal vaginal bleeding presenting for ultrasound examination (n = 2,417) were recruited.

Objective: Extended anticoagulation therapy should always be considered after standard treatment of an unprovoked episode of venous thromboembolism (VTE). It can also be considered for selected patients with provoked VTE. However, the evidence-based protocols suggested by some clinical guidelines and risk assessment tools to guide this practice are limited and ambiguous. The goal of the present su

BackgroundNon-coding genetic variants that influence gene transcription in pancreatic islets play a major role in the susceptibility to type 2 diabetes (T2D), and likely also contribute to type 1 diabetes (T1D) risk. For many loci, however, the mechanisms through which non-coding variants influence diabetes susceptibility are unknown.ResultsWe examine splicing QTLs (sQTLs) in pancreatic islets fro

(1) Background: Hemodynamic assessment of prosthetic heart valves using conventional 2D transthoracic Echocardiography-Doppler (2D-TTE) has limitations. Of those, left ventricular outflow tract (LVOT) area measurement is one of the major limitations of the continuity equation, which assumes a circular LVOT. (2) Methods: This study comprised 258 patients with severe aortic stenosis (AS), who were t

Cerebellar dysfunction is commonly observed following traumatic brain injury (TBI). While direct impact to the cerebellum by TBI is rare, cerebellar pathology may be caused by indirect injury via cortico-cerebellar pathways. To address the hypothesis that degeneration of Purkinje cells (PCs), which constitute the sole output from the cerebellum, is linked to long-range axonal injury and demyelinat

Coastal environments, in particular heavily populated semi-enclosed marginal seas and coasts like the Baltic Sea region, are strongly affected by human activities. A multitude of human impacts, including climate change, affect the different compartments of the environment, and these effects interact with each other. As part of the Baltic Earth Assessment Reports (BEAR), we present an inventory and

Retrospectively, the first 143 patients who were operated on with bilateral internal thoracic arteries (BITA group) were matched with 143 patients operated on with only one left internal thoracic artery anastomosed on the left anterior descending artery and additional vein grafts (LITA group) and followed up for a maximum of 8 years. At 5 years follow-up there were no significant differences in ev

BACKGROUND: Population-based data on the percentage of colorectal cancer (CRC) patients with synchronous peritoneal carcinomatosis (PC) being treated with cytoreductive surgery (CRS) and hyperthermic intraperitoneal chemotherapy (HIPEC) are currently lacking. The current population-based study describes trends in the use of CRS-HIPEC in the Netherlands, one of the first countries where CRS and HIP

Severe chronic rhinosinusitis with nasal polyps (CRSwNP), a form of diffuse bilateral (usually type 2) CRS, is a debilitating disease with a significant impact on quality of life (QoL). With novel knowledge and treatment options becoming available, there is a growing need to update or revise key definitions to enable communication across different specialties dealing with CRS, and to agree on nove

B lymphopoiesis is orchestrated by lineage-specific transcription factors. In B cell progenitors, lineage commitment is mediated by Pax5, which is commonly mutated in B cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia. Despite its essential role in immunity, the mechanisms regulating Pax5 function remain largely unknown. Here, we found that the NAD+-dependent enzyme SIRT7 coordinates B cell development through d

The gut-to-lung axis is critical during respiratory infections, including influenza A virus (IAV) infection. In the present study, we used high-resolution shotgun metagenomics and targeted metabolomic analysis to characterize influenza-associated changes in the composition and metabolism of the mouse gut microbiota. We observed several taxonomic-level changes on day (D)7 post-infection, including

Concern has risen that current global warming and more frequent extreme events such as droughts and floods will increase conflict around the world. This concern has spurred both social science research on contemporary climate, peace, and conflict as well as research in the historical sciences on past climate, weather, warfare, and violence. This perspectives article compares these two fields of sc

The Chromosome-Centric Human Proteome Project (C-HPP) is an international initiative. It aims to create a protein list expressed in human cells by each chromosomal and mitochondrial DNA to enhance our understanding of disease mechanisms, akin to the gene list generated by the Human Genome Project. Transmembrane protein 160 (TMEM160) is a member of the transmembrane proteins (TMEM) family. TMEM pro

Background and objectives: Maximal safe resection is the cornerstone of diffuse low-grade glioma (dLGG) management, although epidemiological data are limited. We aim to explore surgical selection, techniques, and outcomes in a population-based cohort. Materials and methods: This study utilized a multi-center case series (9 out of 10 neurosurgical departments in Norway and Sweden) of all adults (≥1

Background: Hypertension management guidelines provide recommendations for optimal patient care. However, the limited time available of clinicians is rarely considered. The aim of this study was to evaluate the time clinicians currently spend on different components of hypertension care during an average workday and to assess physicians’ perceptions of the time required for optimal, guideline-base

BACKGROUND: One key element of lung-protective ventilation is the use of a low tidal volume (VT). A sex difference in use of low tidal volume ventilation (LTVV) has been described in critically ill ICU patients.OBJECTIVES: The aim of this study was to determine whether a sex difference in use of LTVV also exists in operating room patients, and if present what factors drive this difference.DESIGN,

Streptococcus pneumoniae resists host defenses through multiple surface factors, yet their specific contribution to protection against antimicrobial peptides remains incompletely understood. We examined the role of pneumococcal surface protein A (PspA) and the polysaccharide capsule in protection against the human defensin HNP-1. PspA conferred increased resistance to HNP-1-induced killing, shown

Dammar som samlar fosfor Jordbruksinformation 11-2010 2 Text: Katarina Börling Omslagsfoto: Katarina Börling Grafisk form: Holmbergs i Malmö AB 3 Inledning Denna broschyr vänder sig till dig som funderar på att anlägga en damm som samlar fosfor. Här hittar du information om vad du ska tänka på innan du börjar, praktiska råd kring hur dammen ska anläggas och en presentation av tidigare erfarenheter

https://www.nateko.lu.se/sites/nateko.lu.se/files/jordbruksverket_11-2010_0.pdf - 2026-05-18

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https://www.folklivsarkivet.lu.se/fileadmin/user_upload/folklivsarkivet/Musiksamlingarna_webb/Dokument/Parm_5_A.pdf - 2026-05-16