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INTRODUCTION: Female sex workers (FSW) are considered a key group for HIV transmissions in sub-Saharan Africa. The HIV Care Continuum and HIV drug resistance (HIVDR) among FSW has not been well studied in most countries in West Africa. In the current study we describe the HIV Care continuum and prevalence of HIVDR among FSW in Guinea-Bissau. METHODS: A venue-based recruitment and peer-referral of

The etiology of multiple myeloma (MM) is poorly understood. Summary data from genome-wide association studies (GWASs) of multiple phenotypes can be exploited in a Mendelian randomization (MR) phenome-wide association study (PheWAS) to search for factors influencing MM risk. We performed an MR-PheWAS analyzing 249 phenotypes, proxied by 10 225 genetic variants, and summary genetic data from a GWAS

The world has been afflicted heavily by the burden of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) that overwhelmed health care systems and caused severe economic and educational deficits, in addition to anxiety among the public. The main aim of this study was to evaluate the mutual effects of belief that the pandemic was the result of a conspiracy on knowledge and anxiety levels among students at the Univ

Purpose: To investigate the global burden of sepsis in hospitalized adults by updating and expanding a systematic review and meta-analysis and to compare findings with recent Institute for Health Metrics and Evaluation (IHME) sepsis estimates. Methods: Thirteen electronic databases were searched for studies on population-level sepsis incidence defined according to clinical criteria (Sepsis-1, -2:

Background: DNA methylation and gene expression are promising biomarkers of various cancers, including non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). Besides the main effects of biomarkers, the progression of complex diseases is also influenced by gene-gene (G×G) interactions. Research Question: Would screening the functional capacity of biomarkers on the basis of main effects or interactions, using multiomi

Objectives: The human papillomavirus (HPV) is a risk factor for a subgroup of head and neck cancers (HNC). HPV-positive and HPV-negative HNC patients encompass heterogeneous groups regarding risk factors, sociodemographic and clinical characteristics, which may influence health-related quality of life (HRQL) differently. Since this has been sparsely studied, our study investigated the association

AIMS: Identifying subjects at high and low risk of atrial fibrillation (AF) is of interest. This study aims to assess the risk of AF associated with electrocardiographic (ECG) markers linked to atrial fibrosis: P-wave prolongation, 3rd-degree interatrial block, P-terminal force in lead V1, and orthogonal P-wave morphology. METHODS AND RESULTS: P-wave parameters were assessed in a representative Fi

Introduction: due to increasing coverage of antiretroviral therapy (ART), more women living with HIV have improved health condition which also increases their chances of getting pregnant. However, the knowledge about pregnancy among women receiving ART in resource-constrained settings, like Ethiopia, is limited. The aim was to assess factors associated with pregnancy among women living with HIV in

Background Alcohol use disorder (AUD) is common and associated with increased risk of suicide. Aims To examine healthcare utilisation prior to suicide in persons with AUD in a large population-based cohort, which may reveal opportunities for prevention. Method A national cohort study was conducted of 6 947 191 adults in Sweden in 2002, including 256 647 (3.7%) with AUD, with follow-up for suicide

Aim. The epidemiology of critical limb ischemia (CLI) is insufficiently studied, and treatment of risk factors for atherosclerosis has received less attention in CLI patients than in patients with coronary or precerebral atherosclerosis. The aim of this study was to establish the incidence of CLI and the quality of risk factor treatment in Swedish CLI patients. Methods. During 14 months, 316 conse

Introduction: Sclerostin, an inhibitor of bone formation, has emerged as a potential negative regulator of glucose homeostasis. We aimed to investigate if serum sclerostin associates with insulin sensitivity, beta cell function, prediabetes or metabolic syndrome in healthy men. Materials and methods: Serum sclerostin was measured in basal and insulin-stimulated samples from 526 men without diabete

Objective: Diagnosis of ventriculostomy related infections (VRI) in the neuro-intensive care unit remains challenging and current biomarkers lack adequate precision. The aim of this study was to explore the potential of Heparin-binding protein (HBP) in cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) as a diagnostic biomarker of VRI. Methods: All patients treated with an external ventricular drain (EVD) between January

Background: The pleiotropic action of ticagrelor, with effects in addition to platelet inhibition, has been shown to improve endothelial function in patients with coronary artery disease. These positive effects are possibly adenosine mediated. This study investigated the association of ticagrelor therapy and coronary artery flow reserve in survivors of myocardial infarction (MI). Methods: This was

Aims: Intermittently scanned continuous glucose monitoring (isCGM) systems have not been thoroughly evaluated during in-hospital stay, and there are concerns about accuracy during various conditions. Patients undergoing pancreatoduodenectomy have an increased risk of hyperglycaemia after surgery which is aggravated by parenteral nutrition therapy. This study aims to evaluate glycaemic control and

Background: We analysed the COMparison Between All immunoTherapies for Multiple Sclerosis (NCT03193866), a Swedish nationwide observational study in relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis (RRMS), to identify trajectories of processing speed and physical disability after disease-modulating therapy (DMT) start. Methods: Using a group-modelling approach, we assessed trajectories of processing speed w

Aims Although highly heritable, the genetic etiology of calcific aortic stenosis (AS) remains incompletely understood. The aim of this study was to discover novel genetic contributors to AS and to integrate functional, expression, and cross-phenotype data to identify mechanisms of AS. Methods and results A genome-wide meta-analysis of 11.6 million variants in 10 cohorts involving 653 867 European

Deltas play a critical role in the ambition to achieve global sustainable development given their relatively large shares in population and productive croplands, as well as their precarious low-lying position between upstream river basin development and rising seas. The large pressures on these systems risk undermining the persistence of delta societies, economies, and ecosystems. We analyse possi

Objective: Abdominal aortic graft and endograft infections (AGIs) are rare complications following aortic surgery. Radical surgery (RS) with resection of the infected graft and reconstruction with extra-anatomical bypass or in situ reconstruction is the preferred therapy. For patients unfit for RS, a semi-conservative (SC), graft preserving strategy is possible. This paper aimed to compare surviva

Background: Deferral of coronary revascularization is safe whether guided by instantaneous wave-free ratio (iFR) or by fractional flow reserve (FFR). We aimed to assess long-term outcomes in patients deferred from revascularization based on iFR or FFR in a large real-world population. Methods: From 2013 through 2017, 201,933 coronary angiographies were registered in the Swedish Web-System for Enha

PURPOSE: Thrombocytopenia (platelet count < 150 × 10 9/L) is common in intensive care unit (ICU) patients and is likely associated with worse outcomes. In this study we present international contemporary data on thrombocytopenia in ICU patients. METHODS: We conducted a prospective cohort study in adult ICU patients in 52 ICUs across 10 countries. We assessed frequencies of thrombocytopenia, use of