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Dynamic global vegetation models (DGVMs) are important tools for modelling impacts of global change on ecosystem services. However, most models do not take full account of human land management and land use and land cover changes (LULCCs). We integrated croplands and pasture and their management and natural vegetation recovery and succession following cropland abandonment into the LPJ-GUESS DGVM.
BACKGROUND: A novel way to evaluate muscle strength and functioning in the lower limbs is to measure how high a person could step up on a platform, the so called Maximal Step-up Test (MST). Studies of healthy persons and overweight women have shown that the maximal step-up height (MSH) is associated with both muscle strength and physical function, but no study has assessed persons after stroke. OB
Background Alzheimer's disease (AD) pathology is common in patients with amnestic mild cognitive impairment (aMCI) without dementia, but the prevalence of AD pathology in patients with subjective cognitive impairment (SCI) and non-amnestic mild cognitive impairment (naMCI) is unknown. AD is characterised by decreased CSF concentrations of A beta(42) and increased concentrations of tau. We investig
Aims/hypothesis: The genetic architecture of model- derived parameters of beta cell function has never been assessed. Therefore, we estimated heritability (h(2)) for model- derived phenotypes of insulin secretion in twins. Methods: Thirty-three monozygotic (MZ) and 23 dizygotic (DZ) twin pairs from the Finnish Twin Cohort Study underwent OGTT (plasma glucose/C-peptide at 0, 30, 60, 90 and 120 min)
Although the negative effects of ultraviolet-B ( UV-B) radiation on the development of many amphibian species have been demonstrated, some speciessuch as the common frog ( Rana temporaria)seem to be tolerant of UV-B radiation. The amount of UV-B radiation received is likely to vary among populations of the same species, but little is known about geographic variation in UV-B tolerance. Similarly, a
BACKGROUND: Asthma may be defined either as wheeze within the previous 12 months (current wheeze) doctor-diagnosed asthma (DDA), or current wheeze plus confirmed airway hyperresponsiveness (AHR). AIMS: We wanted to estimate asthma prevalence in randomly selected adolescents based on different criteria for asthma diagnosis, study gender differences in reported asthma-like symptoms vs DDA, and relat
BACKGROUND: Persistent organochlorine pollutants (POPs) may interfere with reproductive function but direct evidence in humans is very limited. METHODS: Fertility was examined in four regions with contrasting blood levels of POPs. Pregnant women and their partners in Warsaw (Poland), Kharkiv (Ukraine) and Greenland were consecutively enrolled during antenatal visits. Swedish fishermen and their sp
OBJECTIVE - To study the effect of the short-acting insulin secretagogue nateglinide in patients with maturity-onset diabetes of the young type 3 (MODY3), which is characterized by a defective insulin response to glucose and hypersensitivity to sulfonylureas. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS - We compared the acute effect of nateglinide, glibenclamide, and placebo on prandial plasma glucose and serum i
OBJECTIVE - Consumption of a meal high in resistant starch or soluble fiber (P-glucan) decreases peak insulin and glucose concentrations and areas under the curve (AUCs). The objective was to determine whether the effects of soluble fiber and resistant starch on glycemic variables are additive. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS - Ten normal-weight (43.5 years of age, BMI 22.0 kg/m(2)) and 10 overweight
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: In a randomized study of hemiparetic stroke patients with a median age of 75 years, functional recovery was significantly better in those who received additional sensory stimulation (n = 38), including electrostimulation, than in control patients (n = 40) given the same physiotherapy and occupational therapy; group differences for balance, mobility, and activities of daily
Objective: To study the follow-up of men with elevated prostate-specific antigen (PSA) (>3 ng/ml) after one benign set of sextant biopsies. From the Goteborg branch of the European Randomised Study of Screening for Prostate Cancer (ERSPC). Method: 456 men with one set of benign sextant biopsies were followed every second year for 4 years with PSA determinations. In cases of elevated PSA, transrect
BACKGROUND: To compare women with and without a history of recurrent symptoms suggestive of a urinary tract infection but a current negative urine culture regarding symptoms and signs of a genital infection, carriership of sexually transmitted agents and vaginal flora changes, sexual behavior and genital hygiene practice. SETTINGS: Contraceptive attendees at family planning and youth clinics. MATE
Our knowledge about acute promyelocytic leukemia (APL) patients is mainly based on data from clinical trials, whereas population-based information is scarce. We studied APL patients diagnosed between 1997 and 2006 in the population-based Swedish Adult Acute Leukemia Registry. Of a total of 3897 acute leukemia cases, 3205 (82%) had non-APL acute myeloid leukemia (AML) and 105 (2.7%) had APL. The in
OBJECTIVE— The purpose of this study was to assess the role of household conditions for the progression to diabetes in women with impaired glucose tolerance (IGT). RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS— A total of 461 women, aged 50–64 years, with IGT defined by an oral glucose tolerance test, had baseline advice on physical exercise, diet, smoking, and alcohol habits. Physical examination, blood tests, an
Background Job strain (high demands and low decision latitude) and the DID genotype of an I/D polymorphism in the adrenergic alpha(2B)-receptor have been associated with hypertension, respectively. We hypothesized that the I/D polymorphism interacts with external stress, such as job strain, in the development of hypertension. Methods A sample of 3045 employed men and women from the population coho
RATIONALE AND OBJECTIVES: To improve the measurement of the glomerular filtration rate (GFR), we determined the extrarenal plasma clearance of the GFR markers iohexol, chromium-51-ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid (51Cr-EDTA), and inulin using 11 anephric pigs. METHODS: After an intravenous (i.v.) bolus injection of the markers, the decay curves of their plasma concentrations were monitored for 29 h
