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Background and objectives: Neuroinflammation is implicated in the development and maintenance of persistent pain states, but there is limited data linking cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) inflammatory mediators with neurophysiological pain processes in humans. Study I aimed to investigate whether there are coherent changes in CSF inflammation associated with central sensitization (CS), and to evaluate po
Objective: To explore whether magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) features suggestive of knee osteoarthritis (OA) are associated with presence of knee pain in possible early-stage OA development. Methods: We included 294 participants from the Osteoarthritis Initiative (mean ± SD age 50 ± 3 years; 50% women) with baseline Kellgren/Lawrence grade of 0 in both knees, all of whom had received knee MRIs a
CRC is one of the most common causes of cancer death in the world. If CRC is diagnosed in the early stages, the patient's chance of survival is estimated at about 90%, with a very low probability of recurrence. The five-year DFS for CRC patients in stage III and IV drops to 63.3% and 18.9%, respectively. The current thesis aimed to identify potential new prognostic and predicting biomarkers for th
Objective. To analyse how the main components of the disease phenotype (sicca symptoms, diagnostic tests, immunological markers and systemic disease) can be driven by the age at diagnosis of primary Sjögren's syndrome (pSS). Methods. By January 2021, the participant centres had included 12,753 patients from 25 countries that fulfilled the 2002/2016 classification criteria for pSS. The age at diagn
Importance: Recent studies have questioned the presumed low-risk status of patients with asymptomatic nonsevere aortic stenosis (AS). Whether annual N-terminal pro-brain natriuretic peptide (NT-proBNP) measurements are useful for risk assessment is unknown. Objective: To assess the association of annual NT-proBNP measurements with clinical outcomes in patients with nonsevere AS. Design, Setting, a
Purpose: According to guideline recommendations, chest compressions (CC) during cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) should be performed at a rate of 100 - 120 per minute, with a CC fraction (CCF) of ≥80%. The aim of this work is to explore whether CC quality differs between advanced life support (ALS) and basic life support (BLS) performed by two rescuers. Method: Cardiopulmonary resuscitation was
En aktuell debatt i svensk politik är hushållens växande skulder, framför allt i storstadsområdena. Förslag har lagts fram från Finansinspektionen och Sveriges Riksbank om amorteringskrav, skuldkvotstak och sänkt ränteavdrag. Detta för att hämma en eventuellt fortsatt ökning av hushållens skulder. Den svenska hushållssektorns ökande skuldsättning tillskrivs främst de lägre kostnaderna för bolån soA current topic in Swedish politics is the increasing household debt, particularly in the metropolitan areas. The Swedish Central Bank and the Financial Supervisory Authority have made proposals for several policies, to inhibit a continued growth of the household debt. These policies include introducing amortization requirements, a debt-to-income ratio limit and reduced home mortgage interest dedu
Skattelättnader för högkvalificerad utländsk arbetskraft är ett aktuellt ämne i dagens samhälle, eftersom konkurrensen om viss kompetens är hård på den internationella arbetsmarknaden. Syftet med denna uppsats är att analysera de svenska expertskattereglerna i ljuset av motsvarande danska regler. De frågeställningar som har formulerats för att uppnå syftet är hur expertskattereglerna respektive deIn today’s international labour market, the competition for certain competences and skills is tough. Therefore, tax concessions for highly qualified foreign labour has become an increasingly relevant subject. The purpose of this paper is to analyse the Swedish expert tax law vis-á-vis its Danish equivalent. In order to accomplish this, the thesis seeks to investigate how the tax concessions in Swe
Methane is a potent greenhouse gas that plays a major role in climate change. Significant uncertainty exists in the estimates of emissions from natural methane sources. This uncertainty in data is one of the primary scientific challenges in climate model. Geological seepage considered as the second largest natural source of methane after wetlands and today is recognized as a major contributor to a
This thesis addresses the impact of glaucoma on the patients’ vision from both a measurement based and a functionally based perspective. The risk of visual disability is probably the most important question for a newly diagnosed glaucoma patient and maintaining vision-related quality of life (VRQOL) has become the ultimate goal of glaucoma treatment. The objectives of the present thesis were to de
Swedish R&D activities in the field of IT and the environment - a mapping related to indirect environmental effects and effects at system level Feb 2009: Peter Arnfalk, Andrius Plepys, Chris van Rossem, The International Institute for Industrial Environmental Economics, Lund University. The International Institute for Industrial Environmental Economics (IIIEE) at Lund University has, in autumn
Popular Abstract in Swedish Kroniska ländryggsbesvär är en ekonomisk belastning för sjukvården och samhället i stort, och ger framför allt ett personligt lidande för den drabbade. Nästan alla (75-80 %) kommer att ha åtminstone en episod med ryggbesvär någon gång under sin livstid. Hälften av dessa kommer att ha utstrålande bensmärtor och ofta är besvären ett symtom på ischias (nervrotspåverkan). MRadicular pain is in the majority of cases caused by a disc herniation with a coexisting inflammation. It is characterized by positive neural tension tests, such as the Slump test, and by decreased range of motion (ROM) in the straight leg raising test (SLR) and lumbar flexion (Fingertip-to-floor test[FTF]). This may suggest that improvement in ROM correlates to reduction of self-reported disabili
Climate change is a reality, with no indication of slowing down or reversing. Climate change causes extreme weather to occur more intensely and frequently. This poses a significant threat to critical infrastructures, which must adapt to withstand the new conditions they are increasingly exposed to. Climate change adaptation are measures which have the purpose to lessen the negative effects of clim
Enligt Högsta förvaltningsdomstolens bedömning i HFD 2022 ref. 10 ska yrkanden om ersättning för rättegångskostnader i förvaltningsmål avvisas framöver. Samtidigt har såväl Högsta domstolen som Högsta förvaltnings-domstolen uttalat att det i vissa situationer kan stå i strid med rätten till en rättvis rättegång om en enskild inte ges en möjlighet till kostnadsersättning. Högsta förvaltningsdomstolAccording to the Swedish Supreme Administrative Court's judgement in the case HFD 2022 ref. 10, claims for reimbursement of legal costs in administrative cases should be rejected in future. At the same time, both the Swedish Supreme Court and the Swedish Supreme Administrative Court have stated that in certain situations it may be contrary to the right to a fair trial if an individual is not g
Background Supply chains in low margin, high innovation speed industries with strong customers generate a highly competitive environment. The conditions for such environment are continuously changing and put high demands on its actors. FlatFrog is a case company, which was founded in 2007 and develops a unique touch technology targeting a wide range of screens sizes and applications. External capi
En ordning av naturen given. Den svenska arvsrätten synes nästintill opåverkad av tidens gång. Successionsrättens rötter sträcker sig långt bak i historien. Samhället har genom åren genomgått omfattande förändringar och anpassat sig till nya rådande samhällsstrukturer. Den arvsrättsliga regleringen har däremot förblivit i stort sett oförändrad. Sedan 1300-talet har det enbart funnits fyra versioneAn order given by nature. The Swedish inheritance law appears almost unaffected by the passing of time. The roots of the Swedish succession law extends far back in history. Swedish society has gone through extensive changes over the years in order to adjust to the prevailing social structures, however, the succession regulation seems to have remained almost the same. There has, in fact, only been
Bevisvärdering av barns och vuxnas utsagor har länge varit ett omdiskuterat ämne där rättssäkerheten i domstolens fria bevisvärdering har ifrågasatts. I våldtäktsmål är det vanligt att stödbevisning saknas och att ord står mot ord. Hela åtalet tvingas då bygga på målsägandens utsaga, men hur duktig är egentligen domaren på att avgöra huruvida en utsaga är sann eller falsk? Har domaren den kunskap Evaluation of evidence of children's and adults' statements has, for a long time, been a controversial subject where the legal certainty in the court's free evaluation has been in question. In rape cases it is common that they lack direct evidence. The entire prosecution is then forced to build on the complainant’s statement, but how accurate is the judge in determining whether a state
Background There is a widespread consensus that aid alone will not be able to solve the development challenges facing Africa, with Kenya being no exception. The challenges are simply too great. One potential way to facilitate growth while also making it more inclusive is to use impact investing. Impact investing could be defined as investments made with the intention of yielding a financial return
Populärvetenskaplig sammanfattning: De begravda jordmånsbildningarna vid Sandhammaren och Skanörs ljung, södra Sverige, är lokaliserade inom kustnära dynlandskap som har bildas i response till land-och havsnivåförändringar efter den sista istiden (efter ca. 10 000 år sedan). Jordmånerna är begravda av flygsand och karakteriseras av flera organiska lager med tillhörande urlaknings-och anrikningshorThe palaeosoils at Sandhammaren and Skanörs ljung, southern Sweden, are located within a coastal dune landscape that developed in response to Holocene land/sea changes. These buried soils are characterised by several organic layers including pedological horizons. They were studied for fossil pollen, and soil chemistry (iron, aluminium, manganese, phosphorous, carbon and pH) in order to appreciate
The study of Federalism has attracted scholars of various fields for a long time. Federalism as an instrument of balancing the tension between universalism and particularism has drawn more attention in pluralistic societies. After the end of the cold war era there is a drift in to reaffirmation of ethnic identity as a means of determining the public life of a society, the venture to ethnify federa
