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To study the role of serum testosterone (T), estradiol (E(2)), and SHBG as regulators of peak bone mass and bone turnover rate in males, a cross-sectional study with data on lifestyle factors collected retrospectively was performed in 204 young Finnish men, 18.3-20.6 yr old. One hundred fifty-four men were recruits of the Finnish Army, and 50 were men of similar age who had postponed their militar

In large software organizations with a product line development approach a selective testing of product variants is necessary in order to keep pace with the decreased development time for new products, enabled by the systematic reuse. The close relationship between products in product line indicates an option to reduce the testing effort due to redundancy. In many cases test selection is performed

PURPOSE: The purpose of this study is to investigate the results of first-time surgery for sporadic primary hyperparathyroidism (pHPT) in patients with preoperatively negative sestamibi scintigraphy and ultrasound. METHODS: Data were gathered prospectively in a multicenter database for quality control in parathyroid surgery. Between 2004 and 2008, 3,158 patients underwent first-time surgery for sp

Purpose To assess the natural history of intrameniscal signal intensity on magnetic resonance (MR) images of the medial compartment. Materials and Methods Both knees of 269 participants (55% women, aged 45-55 years) in the Osteoarthritis Initiative without radiographic knee osteoarthritis (OA) and without medial meniscal tear at baseline were studied. One radiologist assessed 3-T MR images from ba

Background: Recent studies show that FVIIa binds to endothelial cell protein C receptor (EPCR) on vascular endothelium; however, the importance of this interaction in hemostasis or pathophysiology is unknown. Objective, The aim of the present study is to investigate the role of FVIIa interaction with EPCR on the endothelium in mediating FVIIa transport from the circulation to extravascular tissues

The purpose of this study was to investigate the early alterations of retinal function, assessed with electrophysiology, in newly onset type 2 diabetes patients without vascular retinopathy. Seventeen patients with newly diagnosed type 2 diabetes (duration 7 ± 3 months), without any vascular retinopathy in fundus photographs, were examined with full-field electroretinogram (ERG) and multifocal ERG

This paper presents the manufacturing experience of an outer rotor permanent magnet synchronous machine with four different stators. The advantageous features of powder technology and molding techniques are tested when constructing and manufacturing the stators for a 28-pole 30-slot machine. The selected machine configuration is taking advantages of the concept of the modular windings and at the s

When developing products, engineering designers often face the problem that their candidate for a technical solution, ranging from a concept to a detailed design, needs to be analyzed by a design analyst before it is approved or rejected and the engineering designer can continue his/her activities within the product development process. If engineering designers have to send every solution candidat

Objective: The aim of current study was to evaluate the changes of health-related quality of life (HRQoL) and its clinical, demographic and socioeconomic determinants during chemotherapy and 4 months follow-up in women with breast cancer using a repeated measures framework. Methods and Materials: A double blind cohort study was performed in 100 breast cancer patients given fluorouracil, doxoru

Objective. The effects of a promising new appetite suppressor named "thylakoids" (membrane proteins derived from spinach leaves) were examined in a single meal in man. Thylakoids inhibit the lipase/colipase hydrolysis of triacylglycerols in vitro and suppress food intake, decrease body-weight gain and raise the satiety hormone cholecystokinin (CCK) in rats, but their effects in man remain unclear.

Objective: Compare perioperative course and long-term mortality after liver resection for colorectal cancer (CRC) metastases between patients who had preoperative treatment with portal vein embolization (PVE) and chemotherapy or chemotherapy alone. Methods: Among patients undergoing liver resection for CRC metastases following preoperative chemotherapy treatment, 17 patients who had received pre

The effect of changing climatic conditions on wild populations has been the subject of much recent research. Most attention has been on the direct effects of climate changes on species of lower trophic levels and on the negative consequences of climate change. However, a deeper understanding of how climate change affects apex predators is vital, as they are keystone species that have a disproporti

Time domain reflectometry (TDR) is a widely used method for measuring the dielectric constant (K-a) and bulk electrical conductivity (sigma(a)) in soils. The TDR measured sigma(a) and K-a can be used to calculate the soil solution electrical conductivity, sigma(w.) The sigma(w), in turn, can be related to the concentration of an ionic tracer. Several models of the sigma(w)-sigma(a)-K-a relationshi

Background Job strain (high demands and low decision latitude) and the DID genotype of an I/D polymorphism in the adrenergic alpha(2B)-receptor have been associated with hypertension, respectively. We hypothesized that the I/D polymorphism interacts with external stress, such as job strain, in the development of hypertension. Methods A sample of 3045 employed men and women from the population coho

The study concerns whether DNA flow cytometry and estrogen receptor analysis might help predict which breast cancer patients, particularly node-positive ones, were at the greatest risk of developing loco-regional recurrence (LRR). Such patients would best benefit from postoperative radiotherapy following modified radical mastectomy and axillary lymph node dissection. After this type of surgery, 50

Aims: To explore the effects of body fat percentage (BF%) on incidence of and mortality from cardiovascular disease (CVD) and to study the cardio-protective effect of physical activity in relation to BF%. Methods: A total of 26,942 men and women, aged 45-73 years, without history of CVD were followed up for incidence of coronary events (CE), ischaemic stroke, and CVD mortality over seven years in