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The distribution of substituents along the polymer backbone will have a strong influence on the properties of modified cellulose. Endoglucanases were used to degrade a series of hydroxypropyl cellulose (HPC) derivatives with a high degree of substitution. The HPCs were characterized with cloud-point analysis prior to degradation. The extent of enzymatic degradation was determined with size-exclusi
A population-based serosurvey of Human Herpesvirus type 8 (HHV8) in Vasterbotten county, an area of Northern Sweden with high incidence of Kaposi's Sarcoma, was conducted. Serum samples from an age- and sex-stratified random sample of 520 subjects (260 men and 260 women) participating in a population-based biobanking project were tested for antibodies against HHV8, using a sensitive indirect immun
In the golden egg bug (Phyllomorpha laciniata Vill. Heteroptera: Coreidae) females lay eggs on the backs of conspecifics, often on courting males. Although the bugs do not provide care to the eggs, this decreases the risk of egg predation. As an effect males carry many eggs which are not their own. The male and female interests are in conflict; females need to find an oviposition site, and male fi
The modernisation of Swedish households during the twentieth century prompted a considerable productivity growth in household production. This paper examines the association between this process and the allocation of female time in Swedish urban households during the period 1920-1990. Estimates presented in the paper suggest a minimum potential time reduction for a fixed volume of routine househol
Impact work-rate of a weakly damped beam with elastic two-sided amplitude constraints subject to harmonic excitation is calculated. Impact work-rate is the rate of energy dissipation to the impacting surfaces. The beam is clamped at one end and constrained by unilateral contact sites near the other end. This system was an object of a vibro-impact experiment which was analyzed in our earlier paper
Groups of male mice were exposed via inhalation to methylene chloride, perchloroethylene, toluene, trichloroethylene or 1,1,1-trichloroethane. The exposures were started at 2300 h. Generation of vapor was stopped after 1 h. Motor activity of the animals during the exposures was measured with a Doppler radar. Several concentrations of each solvent were tested. Concentrations could be found for all
Rationale: Cardiovascular drugs may improve survival in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). However, previous studies did not account for major sources of bias, and drug effects have not been evaluated in severe COPD. Objectives: To estimate the time-dependent effects of cardiovascular drugs on survival in oxygen-dependent COPD, accounting for immortal and immeasurable time bias. Methods
BACKGROUND: Concern regarding recurrence of pre-transplant (Tx) malignancy has disqualified patients from Tx. Because this has been poorly studied in lung and heart Tx recipients our aim was to investigate the influence of pre-Tx malignancy on post-Tx recurrence and long-term survival, focusing on pre-operative cancer-free intervals. METHODS: From our lung and heart Tx programs (1983 to 2011) we r
Agricultural productivity in East African smallholder systems is notoriously low and food production faces multiple challenges, including soil degradation, decreasing land availability, poor market integration, disease burdens and climate change impacts. However, recent evidence from an in-depth study from two sites in Kenya and Uganda shows signs of new social dynamics as a response to these mult
We consider demand response solutions having the capability to monitor different variables at users' premises, like presence and temperature, and to control individual appliances. We focus on the optimal control of the appliances during time periods where the available capacity is not enough to satisfy the demand generated by houses operating freely. We propose an approach to define the utility of
New Public Management (NPM) is an approach to running public services which originates from the private sector, favouring ideas of competition, privatization, measurment of results etc. While there are benefits to this approach, it has also caused various problems within both the Swedish police and the public service in general. Thus, NPM in the public sector has been strongly criticized throughou
Influences on stratospheric aerosol during the first four months following the eruption of Kasatochi volcano (Alaska) were studied using observations at 10700 +/- 600 m altitude from the CARIBIC platform. Collected aerosol samples were analyzed for elemental constituents. Particle number concentrations were recorded in three size intervals together with ozone mixing ratios and slant column densiti
The aim of this short article is to question the archaeological classification of the Neolithic archaeological cultures, and to raise questions about how to understand the fragmentary material culture in terms of social agency and cultural expression. e settlement of Jonstorp in southern Sweden as a case of the south Scandinavian Pitted Ware complex presents theoretical and methodological implicat
Uppsatsens syfte är först och främst att besvara vilken betydelse domstolen tillerkänner umgängessabotage vid beslutande av vårdnad och hur en part som begår sabotage i slutändan kan tillerkännas ensam vårdnad, och vilka intressen som i så fall väger tyngre än sabotaget. Det är utifrån dessa frågeställningar som hela uppsatsens struktur är uppbyggd. Uppsatsen börjar med att redogöra relevanta lagrThe purpose of the essay is first and foremost to give answer to two questions, the first being how seriously the court views visitation sabotage in a custody battle, while deciding who should be awarded sole custody of the child. The second question is regarding the cases where the court decides to award custody to the guardian that does commit visitation sabotage and to get insight in what inter
Due to globalization, increasing amounts of water are traded across borders as virtual water embodied in traded products. The thesis traces global water trade patterns at different levels of income between 1990 and 2015 in order to test whether developed countries outsource their water-intensive production to less developed countries increasing global water use in the process. The research problem
Aim: Virtual clinical trials (VCT) in medical imaging can be used to predict the outcome of clinical trials, by simulating anatomy, imaging methods and image interpretation. VCTs could reduce the cost and duration of clinical trials and their dependence on available patients. This thesis is motivated by the limitations in the field of breast cancer screening. The aim of the project is to expand a
During the last few decades there has been a steep increase in documentation and administrative procedures in the Swedish public authorities. This development has also affected the social services in which primarily social workers are employed. This bachelor's thesis aims to investigate how documentation procedures and use of standardized assessment methods is described by professional social
The aim of this study has been to examine how professionals in the municipality and county cooperate in the organizational fields surrounding comorbidity between substance abuse and mental health among youngsters. The method chosen for this study was qualitative interviews with seven different professionals working in the social services, child and adolescent psychiatry, and Maria Skåne clinics. T
According to traditional economic theory an environment with free competition is seen as the only environment where optimal allocation of resources and thus a maximizing of consumer welfare and economic growth can be achieved. Successful enforcement of Competition law is considered vital for the achievement of its objectives. Throughout the history of the EU the enforcement of Competition law has
