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Understanding how environmental variation influences even cryptic traits is important to clarify the roles of selection and developmental constraints in past evolutionary divergence and to predict future adaptation under environmental change. Female yellow dung flies (Scathophaga stercoraria) typically have three sperm storage compartments (3S), but occasionally four (4S). More spermathecae are th

BACKGROUND: Several studies have reported on the use of intraoperative parathyroid hormone (ioPTH) measurements during parathyroidectomy (PTX) for renal hyperparathyroidism (rHPT), but there is no consensus on whether it is helpful and, if so, what protocol should be used. Therefore, the literature was systematically reviewed to assess a correlation between ioPTH and early postoperative parathyroi

Objectives Accumulating evidence suggested that the laminin Î 32 (LAMC2) expression level was upregulated in various cancers. However, the potential prognostic value of LAMC2 in cancers remains unclear. We conducted a meta-analysis to clarify the association of LAMC2 expression with prognosis. Design We searched Embase, Web of Science and PubMed (up to 25 November 2021) to collect all eligible stu

Background: The aim of this multicentre prospective observational study was to identify the incidence, patient characteristics, diagnostic pathway, management and outcome of acute mesenteric ischaemia (AMI). Methods: All adult patients with clinical suspicion of AMI admitted or transferred to 32 participating hospitals from 06.06.2022 to 05.04.2023 were included. Participants who were subsequently

Background: Sit-to-stand (STS) is one of the most commonly performed functional movements in a child’s daily life that enables the child to perform functional activities such as independent transfer and to initiate walking and self-care. Children with cerebral palsy (CP) often have reduced STS ability. The aim of this study was to describe STS performance in a national based total population of ch

A new encapsulation strategy for probiotics is highly needed to tackle the challenge of significant viability loss of bacteria during storage and passage through the gastrointestinal system. A new controlled delivery system for probiotics based on EC oleogels is proposed in this thesis. A relatively non-complicated in vitro lipolysis model was established to evaluate the relative conversion from t

BACKGROUND: Most cerebral palsy (CP) cases have an unexplained etiology, but a role for environmental exposures has been suggested. One purported environmental risk factor is exposure to endocrine-disrupting pollutants specifically per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS).OBJECTIVES: We investigated the association between prenatal PFAS exposures and CP in Swedish children.METHODS: In this case-

Background: Despite newer treatments with immunosuppressive agents, there still exists a considerable morbidity and mortality risk among patients with anti-neutrophil cytoplasmic antibody (ANCA)-associated vasculitis (AAV). Since 1994 the European Vasculitis Society (EUVAS) has aimed for an improved outcome for patients with AAV, conducting several prospective randomized controlled trials (RCTs).

BACKGROUND: Oncological outcome after radical radiotherapy (RRT) combined with neoadjuvant and adjuvant androgen suppression therapy (AST) may differ according to type of AST. The aim of this nationwide register-based study was to investigate risk of prostate cancer (Pca) death after different neoadjuvant and adjuvant ASTs; (i) bicalutamide, (ii) gonadotropin-releasing hormone agonists (GnRH) or (

BackgroundCorrect ABO blood-group matching between donor and patient is crucial for safe transfusions. We investigated the underlying reason causing inconclusive ABO serology in samples referred to our laboratory.Study Design and MethodsFlow cytometric analysis, ABO genotyping, and sequencing were used to characterize ABO-discrepant blood samples (n = 13). ABO gene variants were inserted in a GFP-

BACKGROUND: Even though trust is placed at the central point in ensuring proper functioning of the health systems, studies remain scant on how it affects both the implementation and uptake of COVID-19 response measures in low- and middle-income countries such as Tanzania. This study, therefore, explored the role of trust in the implementation and uptake of recommended COVID-19 response measures in

Objective: To assess whether inter-professional, bidirectional collaboration between general practitioners (GPs) and pharmacists has an impact on improving cardiovascular risk outcomes among patients in the primary care setting. It also aimed to understand the different types of collaborative care models used. Study design: Systematic review and Hartung-Knapp-Sidik-Jonkman random effects meta-anal

Air samples were collected on glass fibre filters in 22 animal houses and 3 hay storage barns and examined for the presence of bacterial endotoxin with the Limulus (LAL) test and the gas chromatography - tandem mass spectrometry (GC-MSMS) technique, based on detection of 3-hydroxy fatty acids (3-OH-FAs) as chemical markers of the endotoxin lipopolysaccharide. The median concentrations of airborne

Studies on short-term prognosis of venous thromboembolism (VTE) that take family history of VTE and Charlson Comorbidity Index (CCI) into account are sparse. The aim was to investigate the importance of family history of VTE and CCI for short-term mortality after a first episode of VTE. Using Swedish medical databases, we conducted a 90-day nationwide cohort study of 41,700 Swedish born patients w

OBJECTIVE: To determine whether probiotic prophylaxes reduce the odds of Clostridium difficile infection (CDI) in adults and children. DESIGN: Individual participant data (IPD) meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials (RCTs), adjusting for risk factors. METHODS: We searched 6 databases and 11 grey literature sources from inception to April 2016. We identified 32 RCTs (n=8,713); among them, 18

Background: Multimorbidity has already become common in primary care and will be a challenge in the future. Primary care in Sweden participates to a great extent in the care of patients with two severe, chronic conditions: chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) and heart failure. Both conditions are characterized by high mortality and often coexist. Age, sex, heart failure and other comorbid

Purpose: The aim of this study was to develop a deep learning-based method for segmentation of bones in CT scans and test its accuracy compared to manual delineation, as a first step in the creation of an automated PET/CT-based method for quantifying skeletal tumour burden. Methods: Convolutional neural networks (CNNs) were trained to segment 49 bones using manual segmentations from 100 CT scans.

Over the last decades, the impact of human activities on the global nitrogen (N) cycle has drastically increased. Consequently, benthic N cycling has mainly been studied in anthropogenically impacted estuaries and coasts, while in oligotrophic systems its understanding is still scarce. Here we report on benthic solute fluxes and on rates of denitrification, anammox, and dissimilatory nitrate reduc

INTRODUCTION: Osteoporosis of the axial skeleton is a known complication of ankylosing spondylitis (AS), but bone loss affecting the peripheral skeleton is less studied. This study on volumetric bone mineral density (vBMD) and bone microarchitecture in AS was conducted to compare peripheral vBMD in AS patients with that in healthy controls, to study vBMD in axial compared with peripheral bone, and

BACKGROUND:The need for instruments that can assist in detecting the prodromal stages of stress-related exhaustion has been acknowledged. The aim of the present study was to evaluate whether the Lund University Checklist for Incipient Exhaustion (LUCIE) could accurately and prospectively detect the onset of incipient exhaustion and to what extent work stressor exposure and private burdens were ass